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From Digi-Key, motors are one of the largest energy consumers on the factory floor. Almost all of the lifetime cost of a motor is due to energy consumed by the motor. Accurate motor control is the easiest way to minimize energy consumption. High-performance AC motors and Servo motors (AC motor with an encoder or resolver) use discrete analog signal path components as part of the control loop to reduce energy consumption and maximize performance.
Measuring the current of a three-phase AC motor provides input to control the motor. A high-performance AC motor can have a very high common-mode voltage (600V+ common mode) where the current needs to be measured.
Servo motors use an encoder or resolver to provide position information and allow for better/finer control. Encoders use optical or magnetic sensors to determine position. They are highly accurate, typically compact, and run at high sample rates.
A resolver uses a transformer configuration. While not as accurate as an encoder, it is more rugged and can operate over a wider temperature range.
AC & Servo Motor Applications:
Motor Control Interface: