Phase-locked loop (PLL) frequency synthesizers are electronic devices that produce frequencies coherent to a reference frequency

IC phase-locked loops (PLL) are closed-loop frequency controls that are based on the phase difference between the input signal and the output signal of a controlled oscillator

RF phase detectors and comparators are circuits or instruments that provide a DC output voltage proportional to the difference in phase between two RF signals.

Frequency-to-voltage converters accept a signal and convert its frequency to a corresponding analog voltage level.

Quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulators and binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulators are used to change certain characteristics (amplitude, frequency or phase) of a carrier signal in order to transmit information. The changes in the parameter(s) of the carrier are made in accordance with an information-bearing signal (modulation signal).

Industrial mixers use a shaft, screw, blades, ribbons, impellers or propellers to mix industrial materials such as adhesives, chemicals, construction materials, minerals, coatings and paints.

Homogenizers are high-speed, high-shear mixers that reduce samples to a uniform-size through maceration, cutting, and blending. They are used to process liquids, slurries, or granular substances.

Industrial liquid handling pumps are classified in many different ways, and are distinguished by the media pumped and the fluid motive mechanism (dynamic or displacement).

RF phase shifters are twin-ported devices that alter the phase of an output signal in response to an external signal.

I/Q modulators and I/Q demodulators change the amplitude, frequency, or phase of a carrier signal in order to transmit information. I/Q modulators split an incoming data stream into its in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) components, mix the resulting signals with local oscillators that are 90º apart in phase, and then combine the outputs vectorially in a 0º mixer.

Complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs) are integrated circuits (ICs) or chips that application designers configure to implement digital hardware such as mobile phones. CPLDs can handle significantly larger designs than simple programmable logic devices (SPLDs), but provide less logic than field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

Digital signal processors (DSPs) are specialized microprocessors designed specifically for digital signal processing, usually in real-time. DSPs can also be used to perform general-purpose computations, but are not optimized for this function.

Microprocessor chips (MPU) are silicon devices that serve as the central processing unit (CPU) in computers. They contain thousands of electronic components and use a collection of machine instructions to perform mathematical operations and move data from one memory location to another.

Charge pumps are circuits that generate higher voltages from low voltage inputs by using capacitors as storage elements. They are used in notebook computers and mobile phones.

RF frequency converters are integrated component assemblies required for converting microwave signals to lower (or intermediate) or higher frequency range for further processing.