Help with Digital Cameras specifications:
General Specifications
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| Monochrome / Color | |||
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| Monochrome | Monochrome devices present images in black and white or grayscale. | ||
| Color | Color devices present images in a range of colors, typically by combining discrete colors. For example, combining an image's red, green, and blue (RGB) components creates a wide spectrum of colors. | ||
| Search Logic: | All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches. | ||
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| Imaging Technology / Camera Type | |||
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| CCD | Charge coupled devices (CCDs) are light-sensitive silicon chips that detect electrons excited by incoming light. They contain micro circuitry that transfers a detected signal along a row of discrete picture elements or pixels, scanning the image very rapidly. CCD cameras use two-dimensional CCD arrays with many thousands of pixels. | ||
| CMOS | Complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors operate at lower voltages than charged coupled devices (CCDs), reducing power consumption for portable applications. Analog and digital processing functions can be integrated readily onto a CMOS chip, reducing system package size and overall cost. With CMOS, each active pixel sensor cell has its own buffer amplifier and can be addressed and read individually. Commonly used cells have four transistors and a photo sensing element. Each cell has a transfer gate that separates the photo sensor from a capacitive floating diffusion and a reset gate between the floating diffusion and the power supply. Each cell also has a source-follower transistor to buffer the floating diffusion from readout-line capacitance, and a row-select gate to connect the cell to the readout line. All of the pixels in a column connect to a common sense-amplifier. | ||
| CID | Charge injection devices (CIDs) are photosensitive image sensors that are often implemented with large-scale integration technologies. CIDs can be randomly addressed, read non-destructively, and sub-scanned in a small region. CIDs are also less susceptible to charge overflows from bright pixels. To capture incident light, the pixel structure is contiguous with the maximum surface. This technique is also useful for sub-pixel measurements. | ||
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| Specialty Camera Type | |||
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| Machine Vision Sensor | Machine vision sensor devices provide integral machine vision functionality such as a light source, on-board processing, and program interface. | ||
| High Speed | High-speed devices are designed for high-speed image capture, typically to be replayed in extreme slow motion. | ||
| Low Light | Low-light devices are designed for low-light applications. Typically, the sensors are highly sensitive to light. | ||
| Line Scan | Line scans (linear array cameras) are solid-state video cameras consisting of a single row of pixels. | ||
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Performance Specifications
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| Shutter Speed | The shutter speed is the time of exposure or light collection. Typically, it may be set across a wide range. | ||
| Search Logic: | User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria. | ||
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| Sensitivity | Sensitivity refers to minimum scene illumination required for good image quality. The standard unit for illuminance is lux, or lumens per square meter (lm/m2). | ||
| Search Logic: | All matching products will have a value less than or equal to the specified value. | ||
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| Horizontal Resolution | Horizontal resolution is the maximum number of individual picture elements that can be distinguished in a single scanning line. This measurement is used to characterize the horizontal video resolution corrected for the image aspect ratio, or to specify the resolution in the largest circle than can fit in a rectangular image. A 640 x 480 image would, for example, be specified as 480 horizontal lines. | ||
| Search Logic: | User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria. | ||
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| Vertical Resolution | Vertical resolution is the maximum number of individual picture elements that can be distinguished in a single column line. | ||
| Search Logic: | User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria. | ||
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Performance Features
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| Progressive Scan | Progressive scan is a CCD design that allows acquisition of both even and odd fields at the same time. Each pixel contains information from one complete frame. This technology allows high resolution without the use of a mechanical shutter. Progressive scan cameras are used for image acquisition of rapidly moving objects and accurate dimensional measurements. | ||
| Search Logic: | "Required" and "Must Not Have" criteria limit returned matches as specified. Products with optional attributes will be returned for either choice. | ||
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| Gamma Correction | Gamma is the nonlinear relationship between the video signal level and the subsequent image element brightness. Gamma correction compensates for this nonlinearity in order to render the image true in color while providing intensity to the original object. For the purposes of this search form, cameras that can turn Gamma correction on and off are considered to include this feature. | ||
| Search Logic: | "Required" and "Must Not Have" criteria limit returned matches as specified. Products with optional attributes will be returned for either choice. | ||
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| Gain Control | Automatic gain control (AGC) uses electronic circuitry to increase video signals in low-light conditions. This can introduce noise and, subsequently, graininess in the picture. Typically, AGC is disabled and specifications are presented with this feature turned off. | ||
| Search Logic: | "Required" and "Must Not Have" criteria limit returned matches as specified. Products with optional attributes will be returned for either choice. | ||
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| Auto-Lens | Auto-lens operation is a mode in which the lens iris automatically adjusts to maintain a predetermined level of light on the image pickup device. Cameras with auto-lens mode may also provide automatic lens focusing. | ||
| Search Logic: | "Required" and "Must Not Have" criteria limit returned matches as specified. Products with optional attributes will be returned for either choice. | ||
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| Cooled Sensor | Sensors are actively cooled by a Peltier element or other method. Cooling reduces “dark current” noise. | ||
| Search Logic: | "Required" and "Must Not Have" criteria limit returned matches as specified. Products with optional attributes will be returned for either choice. | ||
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| Anti-blooming | Saturation occurs when the light that is sensed exceeds a pixel's capacity to emit electrons. Excessive charge can bleed into adjacent pixels and cause bright spots or streaks to appear on the image, a condition known as blooming. Anti-blooming gates remove excessive charge and can significantly reduce blooming, but often at the cost of reduced sensitivity. | ||
| Search Logic: | "Required" and "Must Not Have" criteria limit returned matches as specified. Products with optional attributes will be returned for either choice. | ||
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| High Definition | High-definition is a video standard that has higher picture sharpness, larger picture, more colors, and higher quality sound than regular video standards. | ||
| Search Logic: | "Required" and "Must Not Have" criteria limit returned matches as specified. Products with optional attributes will be returned for either choice. | ||
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Physical Features
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| Physical Features | |||
| Your choices are... | |||
| Radiation Hardened | Devices are designed to withstand high levels of radiation. These cameras can be used in nuclear facility applications. | ||
| Underwater Rated | Devices are designed to work when completely submerged in water. | ||
| Integrated Optical Probe | Video cameras have an integrated, optical probe for monitoring processes in situ. | ||
| Intrinsically Safe | Intrinsically safe is an electronics rating that verifies the safe operation of equipment in explosive or under hazardous operating conditions. | ||
| Outdoor Rated | Outdoor rated devices are designed to withstand outdoor temperature variations, rain, snow, and other weather conditions. | ||
| Board Mount | Camera optics are mounted directly on a printed circuit board (PCB). Often, PCBs are components of larger devices. | ||
| Search Logic: | All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches. | ||
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