Reference Articles 201 - 300 of 1006
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Zener Diode Tutorial
Description: The basic parameters of a zener diode are: ...
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Migrating From MSP430F2xx to MSP430FR5xx Family
Description: This application report enables easy migration from MSP430F2xx Flash-based MCUs to the MSP430FR57xx family FRAM-based MCU. It covers programming, system, and peripheral considerations when migrating ...
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Keep Hybrid Powertrain Drives Noise-Free by Rejecting dV/dt Noise with Isolated-Gate Drivers
From: Avago TechnologiesDescription: High common-mode noise is a significant problem that automotive system designers must overcome when designing a practical and reliable powertrain drive system. Common-mode noise (also known as dV/dt ...
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User-Customizable ARM-Based SoC FPGAs for Next-Generation Embedded Systems
From: Altera CorporationDescription: Today's embedded system developers face unprecedented challenges in their efforts to rapidly deliver competitive products to market. Until recently, most system implementation options have been ...
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ARM® Cortex™-A8-based DM3730 DaVinci™ digital media processor powers Kopin's Golden-i®, a monocular, head-mounted device for hands-free communication and control
Description: Golden-i headsets are cutting edge devices activated by hands-free natural speech recognition and user gestures to enable fi eld-based medical, public safety, industrial and construction professionals ...
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Low Power Microcontrollers for Temperature, Humidity & Carbon Monoxide Instrumentation
Description: Using Low Cost Microcontrollers for Temperature, Carbon Monoxide, and Humidity Measurement, Display, and Control. In today's energy consumption and safety-conscious world, collecting and using ...
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Low-power DSP uses in connected audio applications
Description: his white paper addresses the challenge to add more features in peripheral device systems to improve sound and voice quality. Peripheral audio devices are moving towards adding more complex features ...
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Clock Solution for High-Speed ADCs
Description: This application report highlights the limiting agents associated with the clock source that adversely affect the ADC signal-to-noise performance. The performance of the ADS5527 ADC clocked with the ...
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Achieving Immunity to Cross-wire Faults with SymPol Technology
Description: Cross-wire faults are a significant problem in many applications where installation of end-equipment and cable connections are made by third party installers, rather than by OEM technicians. Texas ...
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Clock jitter analyzed in the time domain
Description: Part 1 of this three-part article series focused on how to accurately estimate jitter from a clock source and combine it with the aperture jitter of an ADC. In this article, Part 2, that combined ...
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Considerations for PCB Layout and Impedance Matching Design in Optical
Description: The optical module offers an effective high-speed solution for a growing telecom market. Data rates range from 155 Mbps to 6 Gbps and even up to 10 Gbps. Transmitter optical sub-assemblies (TOSAs) and ...
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Ethernet Clock Generation
Description: This application report is a guide for using Texas Instruments CDCM6100x in an Ethernet LAN and WAN application as a clock distributor and clock synthesizer along with measured jitter performance ...
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Interfacing high-voltage applications to low-power controllers
Description: This article explains the functional principle of a DIS and its configuration in a typical industrial interface design. ...
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RS-422 and RS-485 Standards Overview and System Configurations
Description: ANSI TIA/EIA-422 and TIA/EIA-485 standards, commonly known as RS-422 and RS-485, respectively, specify balanced data-transmission schemes for transmitting data over long distances in noisy ...
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Signaling Rate vs. Distance for Differential Buffers
Description: This report is intended to give some estimate of the maximum transmission distances and data rates of the SN65LVDS100 and SN65LVCP4xx series devices. It provides a brief overview of the effect of ...
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SMBus Compatibility with an I2C Device
Description: An I2C device usually can be controlled by an SMBus host, but there are hardware and software differences with which a designer must deal. This paper offers solutions for this issue. ...
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SuperSpeed USB Transceiver Implementation Guide
Description: This application note describes general PCB layout guidelines for the TUSB1310. The Link Controller interfaces to the TUSB1310 are via a PIPE (16-bit wide operating and 250 MHz) and a ULPI (8-bit wide ...
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Troubleshooting I2C Bus Protocol
Description: When using the I2C™ bus protocol, the designer must ensure that the hardware complies with the I2C standard. This application report describes the I2C protocol and provides guidelines on ...
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USB 1.1/USB 2.0 Hub Frequently Asked Questions
Description: This document presents frequently asked questions concerning TI USB 1.1/USB 2.0 hubs. ...
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An Introduction to the Stellaris® LM4F Family of Microcontrollers
Description: Stellaris® microcontrollers (MCUs) were the first MCU on the market to be based on the ARM® Cortex™-M core, an architecture that has quickly become a top choice for many developers ...
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AN-00310 - Encoder and Decoder Comparison
From: Linx TechnologiesDescription: Encoders and decoders are an ideal way of sending on / off data, such as button presses, to a remote location. When a line on the encoder is taken high, it will create a data stream that is sent to ...
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Hercules™ Microcontrollers: Real-time MCUs for safety-critical products
Description: Electronics continue to play a major role in products where functional safety is the most important consideration. Ensuring that products meet the stringent functional safety requirements of standards ...
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Designing Intuitive Gesture-Based Human Interface Systems
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Gestures represent a fundamental and universal form of nonverbal communication. Whether you are pointing to select an object out of a group, waving to say hello or curling your fingers to beckon ...
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Developing Economical, Mainstream Television Designs with Next-Generation Silicon TV Tuner ICs
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Silicon TV tuner ICs are rapidly displacing legacy mixer oscillator phase-locked loop (MOPLL) CAN tuner technologies to reduce cost and size and improve performance.Since several suppliers offer a ...
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Isolator Power Consumption Calculator
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Easily calculate isolation power consumption! Silicon Labs makes it easy for you to find out exactly how much power the isolation configuration in your system will consume with the first ever isolator ...
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Altera's FPGA Floating-point DSP Design Flow
From: Altera CorporationDescription: FPGAs are increasingly used as parallel processing engines for demanding digital signal processing applications. Benchmark results show that on highly parallelizable workloads, FPGAs can achieve ...
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DMOS Analog Switch Introduction
Description: 08/31/2011 Linear Integrated Systems, Inc. Add Article DMOS Analog Switch Introduction ...
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Designing Wheel-Tuned, Digital-Display Radios with Next-Generation Radio ICs
From: Silicon LabsDescription: As a growing number of portable applications such as mobile phones and portable media players integrate the FM radio function, there's a misconception that traditional radios are no longer needed. In ...
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High Reliability Guide
Description: The Texas Instruments (TI) High Reliability (HiRel) Guide features the five segments that are capable of increasing system-level reliability in applications subjected to unusually demanding and harsh ...
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Standard Linear Guide
Description: TI's Standard Linear guide showcases a wide range of standard analog products with features such as small packaging, performance and cost-savings, all designed to satisfy an extensive range of ...
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Microwave Links Offer an Elegant Backhaul Solution
Description: Truly high-speed wireless data is now being brought to smartphone users via HSPA+, LTE, and WiMAX. It's finally making possible what carriers have been promising for years: streaming video, painless ...
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A Simple Alternative to Analog Isolation Amplifiers
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Many analog circuits require linear (analog) signal isolation for safety, signal level shifting, and/or ground loop elimination. Linear signal isolation is typically difficult to implement, costly, ...
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Advanced Digital Isolation Technologies Boost Solar Power Inverter Reliability
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Photovoltaic (PV) power systems are a sustainable alternative to fossil-fueled power plants and consist of multiple components, including solar power inverters. Expected to operate reliably and at ...
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Clock Division with Jitter and Phase Noise Measurements
From: Silicon LabsDescription: As clock speeds and communication channels run at ever higher frequencies, accurate jitter and phase noise measurements become more important, even as they become more difficult and expensive to ...
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CMOS Digital Isolators Provide Data Protection for Smart Meters
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Although smart meters are more sophisticated than electromechanical power meters, a primary concern in smart meter design is the integrity of measurement data, which can directly impact a utility ...
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CMOS Digital Isolators Supersede Optocouplers in Industrial Applications
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Industrial electronic equipment commonly uses galvanic isolators to protect systems and users from potentially hazardous voltages. It is well known that industrial equipment must operate reliably in ...
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CMOS Isolators for Home Appliance Motor Control
From: Silicon LabsDescription: The home appliance market uses three-phase, pulse-width-modulated (PWM) motors in a number of end applications including air conditioners, washers, dryers and garage door openers. Many of these ...
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Enhancing Power Supply Rejection Ratio for Low-Jitter Clocks
From: Silicon LabsDescription: In jitter-sensitive applications, power supply noise sensitivities increase design complexity and reduce functional design margin. This in-depth Silicon Labs white paper examines the primary sources ...
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Glitch-Free Frequency Shifting Simplifies Timing Design in Consumer Applications
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Learn how to simplify your timing design using glitch-free frequency shifting to address low-power design challenges and the complexity of generating a wide range of frequencies in consumer ...
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Growing Optical Fiber Deployment Drives Demand for Semiconductors in Copper-Based Telephony
From: Silicon LabsDescription: With tens of millions of residential users subscribing to FTTx services over the next few years, wireline telephony is still a critical technology for service providers deploying the latest optical ...
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IR Range Estimator
From: Silicon LabsDescription: In less than a minute, the IR Range Estimator tool determines if the object you're detecting with the Si114x proximity and ambient light sensors will be within range, and if the SNR threshold is high ...
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Low EMI Isolation for Medical Equipment Applications
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Electromagnetic interference (EMI) can cause medical devices to malfunction with potentially catastrophic results. The trend towards higher-frequency, lower-power medical systems complicates EMI ...
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Performance and Reliability Improvements in High-Power Class D Audio Amplifier Design
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Class D systems are quickly narrowing audio performance gap with simpler, more efficient designs offering fidelity that can surpass that of analog amplifiers. But with higher fidelity comes increased ...
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Power Supply Rejection for Low Jitter Clocks
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Hardware designers are routinely challenged to increase functional density while shrinking the overall PCB footprint of each new design. One significant challenge is minimizing clock jitter through ...
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Prototyping with Frequency-Flexible Crystal XOs
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Developers of new systems ideally should make decisions regarding clocking requirements early in the design process. Although clocking rates are critical parameters that should be known in advance, ...
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Reducing EMI and Improving Signal Integrity Using Spread Spectrum Clocking
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Electromagnetic interference (EMI), once the exclusive concern of equipment designers working with high-speed signals, is no longer limited to a narrow class of high-end applications. The high-speed ...
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Selecting the Optimal Battery for your Embedded Application
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Engineers have many options when selecting the optimal battery to support and maximize service life of their applications. As batteries become more sophisticated in design and function, you must weigh ...
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Simplify Timing Architectures with Flexible Clocks
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Due to the wide diversity of frequency and jitter requirements of the reference clocks required in modern electronic systems, an assortment of standalone crystal oscillators and fixed-frequency clock ...
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The Energy Harvesting Tipping Point for Wireless Sensor Applications
From: Silicon LabsDescription: The ability to power wireless sensor nodes from harvested energy sources allows embedded designers to offer self-sustaining systems with significantly reduced cost of ownership for the end-user as ...
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The Heartbeat behind Portable Medical Devices: Ultra-Low-Power Mixed-Signal Microcontrollers
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Embedded developers and product managers are under continuous pressure to push the envelope of cost, size, power consumption and performance in their next portable medical device designs. In order to ...
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Touch-Free Lavatory Appliance Design Considerations
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Touchless lavatory applications such as toilet flushers, automatic faucets, soap dispensers and towel dispensers are becoming increasingly common. Key design issues to consider include: flushers and ...
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Touchless Gesturing Brings New Innovation to Electronic Product Designs
From: Silicon LabsDescription: This Silicon Labs in-depth white paper examines how through advancements in human interface (HI) technology and design, infrared proximity sensors are poised to usher in the next user interface ...
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USB Connectivity in a Complex World
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Although universal serial bus (USB) connectivity has become a key requirement for most embedded applications, in most cases, it is just one of many design requirements for a typical application. For ...
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USB Design Considerations
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Designing USB communications into an application enables a system to communicate with a variety of USB host devices and provides a convenient power option through the USB connection. Today's printers, ...
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USB Simplified: Adding USB Connectivity to Applications with Legacy Serial Connections
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Discover a painless and economical approach for adding USB connectivity to any embedded microcontroller-based solution. This approach requires no USB expertise or firmware development thus enabling ...
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Using an Infrared Sensor for Hair Immune Cheek Detection in Smartphones
From: Silicon LabsDescription: One of the requirements with touchscreen phones is the need to eliminate inadvertent touches that can lead to erroneous operation and can be mitigated using infrared and ambient light sensing ...
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OpenCV on TI's DSP+ARM® platforms: Mitigating the challenges of porting OpenCV to embedded platforms
Description: In today's advancing market, the growing performance and decreasing price of embedded processors are opening many doors for developers to design highly sophisticated solutions for different end ...
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Interfacing high-voltage applications to low-power controllers
Description: This article explains the functional principle of a DIS and its configuration in a typical industrial interface design. ...
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KeyStone Multicore SoC tool suite: one platform for all needs
Description: Historically, a signifi cant challenge in implementing and deploying multicore System-on-Chip (SoC) devices has been the availability of proper tools to program and debug these platforms. For ...
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Little Logic Guide
Description: Little Logic devices from TIare the pieces that help complete the design puzzle. Their extremely small size gives designers the ability to greatly simplify design routing and maximize ASIC design ...
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Low-Power FRAM Microcontrollers and Their Applications
Description: Texas Instruments recently announced a new microcontroller family that implements FRAM as non-volatile memory instead of Flash, today's most common programmable, non-volatile memory technology. The ...
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The role of multicore in the evolution of communications
Description: In the last decade we have experienced huge changes in the way we communicate. We have moved from fixed and wired plain old telephone service (POTS) to briefcase-sized mobile phones, and more recently ...
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Silicon Carbide Schottky Barrier Diodes - Taking Efficiency to the Next Level for PFC and Other Applications
Description: The highest performance silicon power diodes are Schottky barrier diodes. Not only do SBDs have the lowest reverse recovery time (trr) compared to the various types of fast recovery (fast recovery ...
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Embedded technologies are helping the video security industry 'go green'
Description: Going green isn't just a trend. It's a necessity today because of obvious environmental reasons. Most industries have started taking a green approach, but semiconductor manufacturers have taken this ...
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Intelligent I/O processing for DSP+ARM® SoCs
Description: This white paper discusses results of input/ output (I/O) processing on the general-purpose processor (GPP) for a DSP-centric programming model using a system-on-chip (SoC) containing both digital ...
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Power management in embedded systems with dual OSes
Description: In today's system-on-chip (SoC) platforms containing multiple heterogenous processors, the system architect needs to know how to deal with power management facilities provided with different operating ...
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Performance without Compromise: Implementing Real-time Control and Communications with a dual-subsystem microcontroller
Description: With the growing importance of energy efficiency and smart grid technology, there is an increasing need for reliable silicon that supports real-time control with an interface capable of connecting to ...
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Optimize Motor Control Designs with an Integrated FPGA Design Flow
From: Altera CorporationDescription: FPGA performance and flexibility are ideal for implementing DSP-intensive motor control algorithms. Read about an optimized tool flow that reduces development time and provides an adaptable model for ...
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Programmable Real-Time Unit (PRU): Extending Functionality of Existing SoCs
Description: As the complexity of applications implemented on SoC devices continues to increase, higher performance and many different connectivity options are required. TI continues to extend the capabilities of ...
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Software and hardware design challenges due to the dynamic raw NAND market
Description: This white paper will highlight the difficulties in developing and maintaining fi rmware (bootloaders), middleware (OS/application drivers) and hardware IPs for interfacing with raw NAND devices. ...
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The Stellaris® Graphics Library Makes Short Order of Assembling a Dynamic HMI
Description: A well-designed human machine interface (HMI) can be a major selling point for an embedded electronic system. From medical instruments and consumer devices to industrial controls, a nice display with ...
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Programming Controllers- C vs. Relay Ladder Logic
From: ElectromateDescription: This paper examines two methods of programming embedded controllers and describes the benefits of using C-Language in industrial control applications. ...
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Solving Noise Problems (.pdf)
From: ElectromateDescription: This white paper describes common causes of noise and suggests ways to reduce or eliminate noise problems. ...
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Selection Guide: TI Processors based on ARM® Technology
Description: Realizing the need for low-power, cost-effective solutions, TI is committed to strengthening its embedded processing portfolio with a range of ARM-based solutions meeting the power, performance and ...
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Customizable System Interfaces Add Value to Embedded Processors (.pdf)
Description: Standard interfaces integrated into an embedded processor helps ease a system designer's work by providing interoperability with other products and reducing design cost and cycle time. But they can ...
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Comparing the Incomparable: Understanding and Comparing IGBT Module Datasheets (.pdf)
From: Semikron, Inc.Description: This might sound somewhat overdone but comparing IGBT modules using datasheets is not as easy at is might appear. A rough comparison can, of course, be made using the component blocking voltage (VCES, ...
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High Temperature Guide (.pdf)
Description: The High Temperature Guide offers an overview of TI's wide range of semiconductors for use outside standard temperature ranges. These components form a complete signal chain roadmap for electronics ...
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Developing Functional Safety Systems with TÜV-Qualified FPGAs (.pdf)
From: Altera CorporationDescription: This white paper discusses how market trends, the need for increased productivity, and new legislation have accelerated the use of safety systems in industrial machinery. This TÜV-qualified FPGA ...
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Lowering the Total Cost of Ownership in Industrial Applications (.pdf)
From: Altera CorporationDescription: Approximately one-third of embedded designers surveyed on the adoption and use of FPGAs for embedded applications responded that they perceived FPGAs as too expensive to use in their designs. However, ...
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Methods of Controlling Multiple LED Strings with C2000™ Microcontrollers (MCUs) (.pdf)
Description: As more applications continue to integrate LED technology, developers find themselves facing the challenge of driving greater numbers of LEDs while lowering system cost and increasing power ...
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Selecting and Applying Medium Voltage Fuses (.pdf)
From: Littelfuse, Inc.Description: Medium voltage fuses are applied quite differently than fuses rated 600 volts and less. The biggest difference is that medium voltage fuses are not intended to provide overload protection. They should ...
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The Importance of Effective Motor and Motor Circuit Protection (.pdf)
From: Littelfuse, Inc.Description: The importance of effective motor and motor circuit protection cannot be over emphasized. Motors are consistently the largest single cause of industrial and commercial fires, and in today's highly ...
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The Importance of Effective Transformer and Control Transformer Protection (.pdf)
From: Littelfuse, Inc.Description: The importance of effective transformer and control transformer protection cannot be over emphasized. After motors, transformers are typically the second most common application where proper ...
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Using Current-Limiting Fuses to Increase SCCR of Industrial Control Panels (.pdf)
From: Littelfuse, Inc.Description: A resistance-grounded power system has a critical element that is often ignored-the neutral-grounding resistor. A resistance-grounded power system should have it's neutral-grounding resistor ...
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Bringing Efficient Communications to Real-Time Motor Control and Power Conversion Applications with TI's Viterbi Complex Math Unit (VCU) (.pdf)
Description: To take advantage of the growing opportunities in Smart Metering and other energy-control applications, developers need to be able to add communication links to existing systems in a cost effective ...
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Fuseholder Application Note (.pdf)
From: Littelfuse, Inc.Description: Although the technology is over 50 years old, the current usage is still estimated to be around 3 billion units per year. These fuses remain popular because: * they are available anywhere in the ...
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Pin-in-Paste Application Note (.pdf)
From: Littelfuse, Inc.Description: The Pin in Paste method, also called through-hole reflow technology, has become increasingly important during the past few years. Reaching a higher degree of automation with existing manufacturing ...
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What it Takes to do Efficient and Cost-Effective Real-Time Control with a Single Microcontroller: The C2000™ Advantage (.pdf)
Description: Performance, efficiency, flexibility and protection - these are the attributes paramount to power electronics technologies, such as motor control, digital power, renewable energies, lighting, and ...
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C2000™ MCU Motor Control Primer (.pdf)
Description: Digital motor control has been a challenging subject since the beginning of early implementations. Although digital control techniques and the availability of high-speed microcontrollers made life ...
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TI Delivers Flexible Power Line Communications Solutions (.pdf)
Description: Power line communications use existing power line infrastructures as a cost-effective alternative to wireless and other wired communications standards, introducing intelligent monitoring and control ...
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Maximizing the Power of ARM ® with DSP (.pdf)
Description: Texas Instruments' (TI) Integra™ DSP+ARM devices combine a digital signal processor (DSP) and an ARM® processor, enabling developers to create applications best suited for executing a ...
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Get to Work in 10 Minutes (.pdf)
Description: When developing a new systems design, evaluating and choosing the proper microcontroller (MCU) is a critical step. An evaluation kit needs to demonstrate how capable the MCU is at performing the tasks ...
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C6Accel DSP Software Development Tool (.pdf)
Description: Texas Instruments (TI) has a long history in offering optimized production-quality Digital Signal Processing (DSP) software in the form of signal-processing libraries and math libraries that have ...
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C6Run DSP Software Development Tool (.pdf)
Description: In 2005, Herb Sutter famously predicted that the free lunch of ever-increasing processing performance was over. Events since that time have confirmed his analysis. While transistor counts in ...
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LED Drivers for Automotive Applications (.pdf)
Description: The usage of lighting-emitting diodes (LEDs) in auto¬motive applications is increasing for many of the same reasons that LED lighting is penetrating non-automotive sectors. LEDs are more efficient and ...
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ESD and Transient Protection using the SP720 (.pdf)
From: Littelfuse, Inc.Description: This application note discusses ESD and transient protection using the SP720. For a given level of voltage or power, there is a defined degree of protection compatible to that need. For the SP720, the ...
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Selecting a Varistor (.pdf)
From: Littelfuse, Inc.Description: This document guides the reader about the typical steps involved with selecting a Littelfuse varistor to serve most applications. ...
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Serial Wire Debug-Ideal for Microcontrollers (.pdf)
Description: Digital electronic equipment is becoming more sophisticated every day, so the programs running these processor-driven systems are becoming bigger and more intricate. Debugging these complex programs ...
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Is a Mixed-Signal ASIC the Right Choice (.pdf)
Description: If you have never been involved with developing an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), you may not be aware of all the advantages a custom ASIC can bring. Similarly, you may not fully ...
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Developing Next-Generation Human Interfaces using Capacitive and Infrared Proximity Sensing (.pdf)
From: Silicon LabsDescription: Next-generation products require next-generation human interfaces to differentiate themselves in the marketplace, and two of the primary technologies driving this interface development are capacitive ...
