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NIR Water Measurements Online Monitoring in Liquid Samples
Water is perhaps the most common measurement made in the nearinfrared (NIR). This is due to its strong effect on product properties and chemical reactivity of the starting materials. From an analytical perspective, water is easy to analyze due to its relatively strong signal compared
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PTFE Fluid Handling Components Support Semiconductor Advancements
of features that are etched on silicon wafers. As these feature sizes have been reduced, processing fluid purity requirements and reactivity have increased. This combination of cleanliness requirements and chemical reactivity present many challenges to fluid handling component materials
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Medical Device Link . Risk Management in Medical Device Design
, flammability, and reactivity of raw materials and wastes; sensitivity to environmental factors such as temperature and humidity; mechanical or electronic hazards; and human factors associated with the operator-device interface. The patient-device interface can also be hazardous because of unsafe
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Beta testing an in-line monitor for moisture measurement in inert gas lines
. The advanced research center at Siemens evaluates new technology and optimizes process parameters for new semiconductor processes in aluminum and barrier (titanium/titanium nitride) metallizations. Response Time Studies The strong chemical reactivity of the active part of the QCM sensor enables the in-line
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MICRO: Technical Programs (June 2000)
. Stienstra, and D. Zheng, Air Products and Chemicals. Reactivity of Phosphine with Point-of-Use Filters of Different Composition. Steve Mankowsky and Gregory H. Leggett, Millipore. Lunch, with poster session (presentations by Pall, Aeronex, Ion Systems, International Sematech, Meeco, Princeton
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When Less is Much, Much More
reactions Reactors high temperatures and short reaction times allow development scientists to tweak reactivity and side product formation as never before. For example, using traditional reactors, alkylations of multi-functional nucleophiles often proceed beyond the mono-alkylation stage. Chip-based
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MICRO: Defect/Yield Analysis
, surface reactivity, biological systems, heterogeneous catalysis, and corrosion. The work function of a surface is typically measured using a vibrating Kelvin probe. This probe operates by measuring contact potential difference (CPD), which is the electric potential that forms between two materials
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Recurring Causes of Recent Chemical Accidents
for potential sources of water, or address the proper technology and design of equipment necessary to safely blend water reactive substances. Even for situations not involving complex chemical processing operations, MSDSs are not always sufficient to identify all reactivity, thermal stability, or explosive