Overview

Cutler-Hammer Lighting Contactors from Eaton's electrical business are designed to provide a safe, convenient means for local or remote switching of tungsten (incandescent filament) or ballast (fluorescent and mercury arc) lamp loads. They are also suitable for other loads such as low pressure and high-pressure sodium lamp loads and other non-motor (resistive) loads.

They are not recommended for most sign flashing loads. These lighting contactors are designed to withstand the large initial inrush currents of tungsten lamp loads without contact welding. They are fully rated and do not require derating.

• Ballast Lamps - Fluorescent, Mercury Vapor, Metal Halide Sodium Vapor, Quartz - 600V maximum.
• Filament Lamps - Incandescent, Infrared, Heating - 480V maximum, line to line; 277V maximum line to neutral.
• Resistance Heating - Radiant and convection heating, furnaces and ovens.

C30CN Electrically and Mechanically Held Contactors

The Enclosed C30CN (ECC) is available with an electrically or mechanically held contactor in a non-combination unit. The C30CN can be configured with up to 12 poles (30A maximum per pole). Power poles are available in single or double pole designs and can be mounted to provide either normally open or normally closed operation with a maximum of 12 NO poles or 8 NC and 4 NO poles. Each pole is capable of accepting up to 8 AWG wire. Available in 2- or 3-wire control and in a wide range of enclosure types.

CN35 Electrically Held Contactors

Cutler-Hammer® Type CN35 Electrically Held Lighting Contactors from Eaton's electrical business are designed to handle the switching of tungsten (incandescent) or ballast (fluorescent and mercury arc) lamp loads as well as other non-motor (resistive) loads. The Enclosed CN32 (ECL03, ECL12 and ECL14) is available in non-combination and combination styles. Available in 2- or 3-wire control and in a wide range of enclosure types.

A202 Magnetically Latched Contactors

The Cutler-Hammer Enclosed A202 (ECL04, ECL13, and ECL15) is available in non-combiantion and combination styles. A permanent magnet is built into the contactor structure that will maintain the contactor in its energized state indefinitely without using control power. When energized, a DC current is applied to the latch coil, producing a magnetic field that reinforces the polarity of the permanent magnet, pulling in the contactor. The current to the coil is disconnected by the coil clearing interlock. In order to drop out the contactor, it is necessary to apply a field through the STOP coil in the reverse direction to the permanent magnet. This momentarily cancels the magnetic attraction and the contactor drops out. Available in 2- or 3-wire control and in a wide range of enclosure types.

For more information on Cutler-Hammer Lighting Contactors, visit Eaton's Product Page or click the email button on the right side of this page.

FEATURES

• ^{20 Amp Micro-Contactor Switches Ballast with Ample Margin from 70 Watt Lamps through 500 Watt Lamps.}
• ^{Uses Patented "Photo-Diode" Photo Sensing for Accurate Control of Light Switching Points.}
• ^{Operates from any line Voltage of 100VAC through 347VAC.}
• ^{Non-Drifting Sense Point Over Life of the control.}
• ^{Eliminates the Radio Frequency Interface (RFI) Caused by Cycling.}
• ^{Uses Patented Delay on Re-striking Cycling Lamps to "Wear-Protect" the Ballast, Starter & Control.}
• ^{Red LED Monitoring when Cycling or other Malfunctions Occur.}
• ^{Field Tested for 12 Years.}
• ^{Operates with any of the Four Types of Ballasts.}
• ^{One Control Fits All Applications.}
• ^{Designed for HPS Streetlight & High Bay Lighting in Industrial Plants.}
• ^{Protected from Lightning Surges by 200 Joule Metal-Oxide-Varistor (MOV).}
• ^{Warranted for 20 Years Life.}

With the new internally mounted controls, the luminaire housing retains the same general shape as it has had in the past. But the Day/Night sensing is now accomplished with a permanently mounted, small photocell sensor on the top of the fixture. The twist-lock socket is eliminated completely.

Fifteen years of investigation, design and testing have produced a new concept in streetlight luminaries and a new type of High Pressure Sodium lamp control for the operation of these fixtures. The end result of the major improvements in the AC-PD control is the reduction in cost of street illumination to less than half of the present costs.

AC-PD Datasheet

http://www.plcmultipoint.com/transportation/pdf/ACPD%20DATA.pdf

Case Study No. 13 – Fluoride Ion Monitoring in Drinking Water and Water Applications (or non Acid/Etching Wastewater)

Online Fluoride Ion Monitoring for Water Districts and other Water Authorities

• Simple to use inline fluoride ion monitoring system operates just as easily as any inline low flow pH system
• Reliable menu driven Industrial Ion Selective Analyzer calibrates, displays, outputs and controls all in fluoride ppm units
• Inline fluoride ion sensor is completely sealed from both sides and requires no chemical addition -- unlike many popular competing sampling fluoride analyzers

The Problem
A water district was required to monitor the levels of fluoride in the city drinking water supply. If the levels were too low, fluoride was required to be added. If fluoride levels were too high, fluoride must be removed. Because of the natural temperature variance at the measurement point, the existing sampling fluoride analyzer gave erratic results. The constant requirement of adding reagents to the sampling analyzer placed a high burden on the busy maintenance staff, and resulted in reduced plant efficiency. When the problems with the sampling fluoride analyzer could not be addressed, grab sample analysis was used. The use of constant grab sample during times of problems with the online equipment created an undue burden on the maintenance staff, and defeated the purpose of having an online fluoride monitoring system.

Since multiple measurement points were required, a complex system of piping was installed to deliver sample to the few sampling analyzer available. One a few sampling analyzer were installed due to their prohibitively high cost. This caused the two fold problem of a delay in the measurement due to the piping of the sample to the analyzer (not real time) and the centralization cause the entire system to go down at once when problems occurred with any of the few analyzers that were installed.

The Solution
An inline fluoride ion selective sensor, specially engineered to water and wastewater application was chosen, with a rugged fluoride mono-crystal ion sensing element, and a virtually maintenance solid state reference system. In order to optimize the stability of the inline fluoride sensor measurement, a low flow sample bypass system was employed. A menu driven, simple to use, industrial ion selective transmitter and analyzer that was capable of calibrating, displaying, outputting and controlling in ppm units was selected. A convenient bayonet style twist lock inline installation style was selected for its ease of removal, facilitating the required calibration and cleaning. Calibration solutions were formulated that were ten fold (one decade) apart in value and would bracket the target concentration range. The calibration solutions were designed to closely mimic the expected ionic background of the measured solution. The calibration system simplified the validation of the online fluoride analysis system and reduced the need for grab sample calibration all while replacing the cumbersome sampling fluoride analyzer.

The Fluoride Sensor Used:
Model: AB 8100-100-10 Fluoride Ion Selective Sensor
Description: 1" MNPT Twist Lock (Quick Disconnect) ULTEM Bodied Fluoride Ion Selective Sensor; Integrated 100 Ohm Platinum Temperature Element; 10 feet cable to connect directly to Rosemount 54e-ISE Analyzer/Transmitter/Controller

Case Study No. 7 – Total Ammonia Analysis in Wastewater

Total Ammonia Determination through online ammonium ion and pH monitoring

• Industrial grade ammonium ion selective membrane and application engineered solid state conductive polymer reference can withstand the rigors of industrial process lines
• Ammonium calibration system has been optimized to yield reproducible results in a variety of wastewater systems
• Ammonia gas resistant pH sensor delivers the accuracy needed for total ammonia computation via a PLC or DCS from the ammonium ion and pH input values

The Problem
A sweetener manufacturer wanted to control the total nitrogen content in their process. This was a difficult proposition since they had a mixture of dissolved ammonia gas and ionized ammonium ions in solution. Fluctuation of process pH did not allow for a simple mathematical correction or computation, and made real time control arduous. The complex process solution necessitated significant interaction between ASTI and the customer to develop the proper custom calibration solutions. The total nitrogen must be calculated based upon an equation whose variables are pH and ammonium activity. Creating an accurate calibration system is a challenge in a complex system, whose primary function is not to determine simple activity, but rather a computed or derived total concentration. Common TISAB (total ionic strength adjustment buffer) solutions are often inadequate ISE standards for industrial calibrations because they do not accurately reflect the ionic strength and pH of the process solution. This application then necessitated not only determining the proper multi-point calibration for both pH and ammonia/ammonium, but also developing an interactive curve and standard ion buffer background which accurately reflected the process. Getting agreement and consistency between laboratory titrations and on-line measurement or process values was accomplished by using custom calibration solutions as the common reference standard for both the laboratory and process measurements.

The Solution
The solution was a ammonia gas resistant pH sensor and an industrial grade organic polymer ammonium ion selective sensor. Both the pH and ammonia sensor were sealed against any dissolved ammonia gas which may attack the reference element at lower pH. The reference element was designed to be insensitive to the interferences experienced by the ammonium polymer membrane. The ammonium ion analyzer, in combination with the PLC, was capable of computing the total nitrogen concentration via a multi-parameter algorithm. The multi-point calibration developed for this application allowed the PLC to create an accurate curve at any point along the operating pH range. The total ammonium analysis system was able to deliver reproducible and accurate results, replacing slow and inaccurate grab sample laboratory analysis.

The Ammonium Ion Sensor Used:
Model: AB 6410-873DPX-25 Ammonium Ion Sensor
Description: ¾"- 1" MNPT Immersion ULTEM Bodied Ammonium Ion Selective Sensor with integrated 100 Ohm Platinum Temperature Element, Stainless Steel Solution Ground and Foxboro 873DPX compatible preamplifier; 25 feet cable to connect directly to Foxboro 873DPX (Dual Channel Auto pH Compensation) pH/ISE Analyzer/Transmitter

The pH Sensor Used:
Model: PNA 6031-873DPX-25 pH Sensor
Description:¾"- 1" MNPT Immersion ULTEM Bodied Dissolved Ammonia Gas Resistant General Purpose pH Sensor with integrated 100 Ohm Platinum Temperature Element, Stainless Steel Solution Ground and Foxboro 873DPX compatible preamplifier; 25 feet cable to connect directly to Foxboro 873DPX (Dual Channel) pH/ISE Analyzer/Transmitter

Case Study No. 15 – Sodium & Calcium Ion Analysis for Water Softener Systems

Calcium (Ca++), Magnesium (Mg++) & Sodium (Na+) Ion Analysis

• Before and After Water Softener to determine Water Quality Feed to Boilers
• Industrial grade sodium ion selective membrane and application engineered solid state conductive polymer reference can withstand the rigors of industrial process lines
• Sodium calibration system has been optimized to yield reproducible results in a variety of boiler water systems

The Problem
A company wanted to automate the water quality testing on their water softener used to feed their boilers. When the softener ceased to function properly, the water softener needed to be regenerated. A delay in this service may cause damage to the boilers, eventually leading to a shutdown to clean and repair the boilers. The existing manual sampling routine or online sampling analyzers were slow and expensive, respectively. In addition, the delay caused by not having an accurate real-time online method to determine the effectiveness of the water softener could cause hard water to spread throughout the plant, leading to operational difficulties.

The Solution
ASTI's online ion selective sensors can be used to measure the effectiveness and state of the water softening system, although this measurement must be performed indirectly. The customer indicated a desire to measure the activity of calcium (Ca++) ion at a point after the water softening system. This measurement is not feasible due to the degree of excess of sodium present. The permissible ratio of excess of sodium (interfering) ion to calcium (analyte) ion for our calcium ion selective sensors is 100 fold (on a molar basis), whereas the lab analysis revealed an excess of 2600 fold (also computed on a molar basis). This then indicates that the concentration of sodium is 26 times too high to perform the calcium measurement after the water softener. ASTI found an excellent and feasible method to indirectly measure calcium after the softener and determine the effectiveness of the softening system as a whole. .

Typical Concentrations Before Softener
Sodium - Na+ = ~ 48 ppm
Calcium - Ca++ = ~ 160-250 ppm.

Typical Concentrations After Softener
Sodium - Na+ = ~ 300 ppm
Calcium - Ca++ = ~0.200-0.600 ppm.

The ion exchange system is clearly replacing calcium ions with sodium ions. If the ion exchange system fails or deteriorates, the sodium ion activity at the post softener location is changed from about 300 ppm to about 48 ppm. This is almost a step change in concentration. Measurement of such a change is an appropriate use of an inline ion selective sensor. At the post softener position, all concentrations of interfering ions for the sodium ion selective sensor are within the permissible range. The sodium ion activity as measured prior to the water softener can provide a valuable baseline sodium ion (Na+) level. The magnesium ion (Mg++) contribution to water hardness is ignored because it will be also be converted to sodium ion, which will be analyzed at the after softener measurement position. In addition, the concentration of magnesium is often five to ten (5-10) times less than calcium and usually occurs at a fixed ratio to calcium.

When the softener is functioning properly, the sodium ion (Na+) levels as measured after the softener will be quite high (~300 ppm), corresponding to a lack of calcium ion (Ca++) in the softened water (see abbreviated water analysis above). When the softener fails to work properly, the sodium ion levels at the post softener measurement point will return to the low levels as measured at the before softener measurement point (~30-50 ppm). This provides a very simple method to use the ion selective system as an alarm and indicator as to the state of the water softening system. In addition, the ion selective analyzer can automatically switch the water (via a relay) to a functioning secondary water softening system to avoid any downtime. A Rosemount 54e industrial sodium ion selective analyzer was employed to conveniently calibrate and operate in familiar ppm units. This ion selective analyzer had the necessary 4-20 mA outputs (scaled in ppm) and relays (also set in ppm) to enable the automation of this implicit water hardness (Ca++ & Mg++) determination for water quality analysis of the water softening system.

The Industrial Sodium Ion Selective Sensor Used:
Model: AB 8430-100-10 Industrial Sodium Ion Selective Sensor
Description: 1" MNPT Twist Lock Quick Disconnect ULTEM Bodied Industrial Sodium Ion Selective Sensor with integrated 100 Ohm Platinum Temperature Element; 10 feet cable to connect directly to Rosemount 54e Ion Selective (ISE) Analyzer and Transmitter

Choosing the Correct pH/ORP Sensor
1. Choose a sensor body type that suits the physical parameters of the installation (refer to the Configurations Portion of pH/ORP and Ion Selective webpages).
2. Choose a sensor that suits the process application, temperature, chemistry, and physical parameters of the installation (refer to Sensor Selection Guides and call factory or local sales agent for support)
3. Choose a sensor housing material that is compatible with the process chemistry, temperature & pressure (refer to Chemical Resistance Charts as posted under the Technical Documents portion of the website).
4. Select suitable temperature compensation element, solution ground & integrated preamplifier based upon the mating pH/ORP Instrument (refer to Electrochemical Instrumentation Page & ask for factory support).
5. Specify the required cable length based upon installation location (refer to Part Numbering Guide).

* Subject to application qualification and review by an approved ASTI sales agent and/or factory. Performance guarantee is posted on the ASTI online application questionnaire page.
** See list of supported pH/ORP/ISE Instruments webpages as posted on the ASTI website.
*** Completion of Application Questionnaire form is required. Other restrictions may apply.

Organic Membrane Ion Selective (ISE) Sensors

• Tetrafluoro Borate (BF4+)
• Hydronium (H3O+ - pH)
• Primary Amines (R-NH3+ Cl-)
• Ammonium (NH4+)
• Barium (Ba+2)
• Calcium (Ca+2)
• Carbonate (CO-3)
• Cesium (Cs+)
• Chloride (Cl-)
• Lithium (Li+)
• Magnesium (Mg+2)
• Nitrate (NO3-)
• Nitrite (NO2-)
• Potassium (K+)
• Perchlorate (ClO4-)
• Silver (Ag+)
• Sodium (Na+)

Solid State Ion Selective (ISE) Sensors

• Bromide (Br-)
• Chloride (Cl-)
• Cyanide (CN-)
• Fluoride (F-)
• Iodide (I-)
• Silver (Ag+)
• Sulfide (S-)
• Thiocyanate (SCN-)

Elmet Technologies offers a full array of lighting components both as a manufacturer and as the exclusive North American representative for Philips Lighting components produced globally. Their component market basket includes, but is not limited to, coils and filaments, specialty leads and supports, lamp bases, phosphors, and HID arc tube burners. Please contact them for any of your lamp component needs.

Lamp Filaments

Elmet is a world class global manufacturer of tungsten lamp coils, wire filaments, and other specialty components to lighting manufacturers for a broad spectrum of lighting requirements. Specialty components are designated by Elmet Technologies as leads and supports products while tungsten wire components generally fall into two broad categories of product: incandescent/halogen and fluorescent.

Incandescent and Halogen Filaments

These wire filaments are the light source for incandescent and halogen lamps. There are thousands of filament designs which have been developed over time based on changing lamp technology and lighting requirements, and new designs are being developed in the lighting industry on a daily basis. Such filaments vary with respect to many parameters such as basic coil type (single coil or coiled coil), bulb shape, gas fill, service life and lumen output. Elmet coil engineering personnel have wide experience in wire filament design and welcome customer inquiries.

Fluorescent Filaments

Fluorescent coils, unlike incandescent filaments, are not true light sources, but more correctly, energy sources. Such coils are also referred to as exciter coils or cathodes. They are given an emission material coating after coiling, and their function inside of the lamp is to provide a flow of electrons which activate the light-producing fluorescent phosphors.

Fluorescent lamp coil designs are considerably more limited in number than those of incandescent filaments. As a result, the product line is somewhat more standardized: Elmet is pleased to offer such standard types of coils, as well as modifications of these for specific customer requirements.

Leads and Supports Lamp Components

Elmet Technologies designs and produces a multitude of specialty-formed metal parts utilizing molybdenum, tungsten, aluminum, niobium, nickel, and other materials. These specialty components include, but are not limited to, metalizing coils and aluminum crimps, straight cuts, connectors, and stranded wire.

Lamp Bases & Caps

Elmet Technologies, through its representation of Philips Lighting base/cap plants located in Europe, provides North American customers with lamp base products globally recognized in the lighting industry for their world class quality.

In representing the world's number one supplier of caps, Elmet Technologies is able to satisfy their customers by offering the highest quality, outstanding support and logistics as well as continuous innovation for lamp base products. Elmet carries the complete product range of caps, which are primarily used in the lighting industry for such applications as CFL, GLS, fluorescent lamps, halogen lamps, automotive, HID and special lighting.

Lamp Phosphors
Elmet Technologies carries fluorescent powders made by Philips Lighting that are used in fluorescent (TL), and high-pressure and low-pressure mercury discharge lamps. Today, the phosphors group develops and manufactures two main groups of lamp phosphors: triband phosphors (80 colors) and specialty phosphors, such as UV phosphor.

Triband phosphors (80 phosphors) are based upon inorganic material containing 'rare earth' elements. A combination of red, green and blue results in a 50% increase in efficacy with regard to standard phosphors and excellent color rendering properties. Philips Lighting was among the first to introduce Triband phosphors on a worldwide scale and they are proud of the know-how they have built and the ongoing developments in this area. Triband phosphors are available in ready-for-use premixed blends or in single components.

Specialty phosphors consist of a wide variety of chemical compositions, again based on 'rare earth' elements. They are often developed in close cooperation with their main customers, with which they have entered into long-term relationships. The phosphors are used in e.g. tanning lamps, in water purification applications and in non-lighting applications.

Because of Philips Lighting's extensive know-how of raw materials and production processes, this has contributed to their current standing of being one of the largest phosphor manufacturers in the world. In partnering with Philips, Elmet Technologies is able to offer customer product-driven innovations as well as technical support, including assistance with the suspension making process. With the industry's continuous demand for coating weight reduction, Philips has taken a leadership role in striving to meet this requirement.

HPS Arc Tube Burners
Elmet Technologies supplies high pressure sodium (HPS), mercury vapor (MV), and metal halide arc tube burners to lamp assembly operations for many applications. Standard HPS types and specifications are listed here; but please also contact them for any of your metal halide and mercury vapor requirements.

Cooper Crouse-Hinds FZD Series™ luminaires are the first to deliver NEMA 7 x 6 floodlight distribution patterns for Class I, Division 1 and Zone 1 environments. The FZD Series provides superior light distribution with fewer luminaries to illuminate a given area, thereby eliminating the old practice of using general area luminaires with high-bay reflectors as floodlights.

The FZD Series is full of labor-savings and easy-maintenance features all designed to make you more efficient and productive. The internal reflector, available in wide and narrow-beam options, is enclosed in a glass tube, reducing maintenance while enhancing light output. The explosionproof threaded construction, suitable for hazardous and industrial applications, makes it easy to maintain with no bolted covers. The FZD Series floodlight is simple to install, requiring only two bolts for mounting and is completely wired and ready to install.

The FZD Series is ideal for heavy process industries where flammable or explosive vapors or gases are present. Install it in hazardous areas, both indoors and outdoors, where you require elevated ambient capability and where long life and low maintenance costs are desired. The heavy-duty, cast copper-free aluminum construction and epoxy powder-coat finish will provide long life in abusive conditions. The Enclosure Type 4X and Marine Listed FZD Series has O-ring gaskets on all threaded openings, suitable for the harshest environments.

With so many labor-saving features and flexible mounting options, the FZD series is ideal for: • heavy process industries where flammable or explosive vapors or gases are present • hazardous areas, both indoors and outdoors, including those requiring elevated ambient capability, where long life and low maintenance costs are desired • petroleum refineries, chemical, petrochemical and other heavy-process industrial facilities • mounting to a wall, structure or pole (with pole mount adapter accessory)

The FZD Series is UL and cUL Listed, and is rated for Class I, Division 1, Groups C & D and Class I, Zone 1, Groups IIB applications. The FZD Series is available in High Pressure Sodium and Metal Halide lamp sources ranging from 150 to 400 watts.

When the heat and pressure are on, count on Kaman's high precision sensors. In applications requiring high accuracy, reliability, structural integrity they operate in temperatures from -320°F to +1000°F (+1200°F short term). The displacement systems withstand pressures up to 3500 or 5000 psi. Pressure system measures pressure up to 5000 psi. The dual-coil sensor design effectively minimizes radiation effects. Hermetically sealed and laser welded, they are unaffected by environmental contaminants.

These high temperature products were initially designed for NASA and the nuclear power industry - applications requiring high reliability, accuracy, and structural integrity. The same engineering skill and technology that went into Kaman's +2000°F microphone for measuring the dB level of jet engine exhaust noise, in the exhaust, went into the design and manufacture of this superior line of high temperature products.

One of the first members of this product line was an early pressure sensor developed over 30 years ago for the then Atomic Energy Commission to measure pressure buildup in controlled reactor core meltdown tests. This product evolved into the KP-1911 high temperature pressure sensor.

Kaman developed the high temperature displacement sensor to measure steam turbine shaft runout in nuclear power plants. They are also used to measure nuclear fuel rod position/vibration, since these inductive sensors are unaffected by radiation and most other environmental contaminants. This specialized line of high temperature sensors features precise operation at up to +1000°F continuous and +1200°F short term. They have resolution and repeatability comparable to Kaman's conventional line of high precision systems.

Kaman Measuring Systems is the only firm to make a high temperature pressure transducer capable of responding to static pressure. Kaman makes the only high temperature displacement transducers for a steam and water environment. All of Kaman's high temperature transducers are made with sealed, all laser welded, Inconel cases and use metal-jacketed, mineral-insulated cable. The KP-1911 measures pressure up to 5000 psi. The displacement transducers withstand pressures: KD-1925 greater than 5000 psi; KD-1950 and KD-1975 up to 3500 psi.

High Temperature Displacement Sensors include the KD-1925, KD-1950 and KD-1975. Kaman Measuring System's high temperature displacement sensors provide accurate noncontacting measurement of conductive surface motion in hostile environments. Thermal compensation techniques that maintain sensitivity and linearity with small zero shifts make accurate high temperature measurements possible.

These sensors feature laser-welded, Inconel construction, making them perfect for a variety of extreme environment applications. The sensors use the versatile KDM-8200 family of signal conditioning electronics. Single channel systems are available in the NEMA-enclosed KDM-8200 or bench-top/rack-mountable KDM-8200. The NEMA enclosure houses an internal power supply, digital panel meter and window kit. Up to eight measuring channels are available in the rack mountable KDM-8200. (See Kaman's Series 8000 data sheet for a complete description and additional specifications for these electronics.) Each sensor has dual coils inside the corrosion resistant case. In operation, an electromagnetic field generated by the active coil penetrates the front of the sensor to induce eddy currents in a conductive target within the sensor's range. Changes in target displacement result in impedance variation in the active coil. This variation is detected by the signal conditioning electronics and converted to a linear analog output signal. The symmetrical design of the dual coils compensates for constant and slowly changing temperatures from -320°F to +77°F or from 77°F to +1000°F. Measurement quality is unaffected by most corrosive gasses and liquids and most other environmental contaminants such as oil, dirt, radiation, and stray RF and magnetic fields. The cabling has two sections joined by a LEMO® transition connector: a high temperature metal sheathed, mineral insulated section designed to the same environmental specifications as the sensor, and a flexible section of PVC sheath, twisted pair, shielded cable for connection to the electronics unit.

High Temperature Pressure Measuring System Kaman Measuring System's KP-1911 high temperature pressure measuring system is an integrated transducer system that operates reliably at over +1000°F (+538°C) and 5000 psi (34.5 MPa). It includes the pressure transducer/sensor, cabling (high and low temperature sections) and signal conditioning electronics. The sensor can operate in a variety of media including liquid sodium, steam, plastics, petro-chemicals, high temperature steam, and many other gases and liquids. System output is an analog voltage directly proportional to the applied static or dynamic pressure. The sensor uses internal impedance variation to measure static and dynamic pressure. Absolute pressure is measured with the standard hermetically sealed sensor. Gage and differential sensors are available as options. The gage sensor has a vent for atmospheric reference and the differential sensor has a tube exiting the case for supplying a dry gas reference pressure. The sensors can be mounted mechanically or welded to optional adapters. The cabling has two sections joined by a LEMO® transition connector: a high temperature metal sheathed, mineral insulated section designed to the same environmental specifications as the sensor, and a flexible section of PVC sheath, twisted pair, shielded cable for connection to the electronics unit. The metal sheathed cable is available in lengths up to 6.1 meters (20 feet).

The sensor housing is Alloy 718 (AMS 5662) and the cable sheath is Alloy 600 (AMS 5580). The patented two coil design of the sensor essentially cancels the effects of constant or slowly changing temperatures and permits compensation over the temperature range of -320°F to +77°F (-196°C to +25°C) or +77°F to +1000°F (+25°C to +538°C). Kaman performs temperature compensation and calibration before shipment. Each system has user adjustable zero and gain controls.