TPL offers a range of titanate powders with controlled size and chemistry. The nano-size powders are produced via an aqueous, low temperature process that allows for binary and tertiary oxide compositions with controlled stoichiometries. (Standard compositions include barium and strontium titanate.) The ultra-fine particle size, 50 to 400 nano meters (nm) of these ceramic powders make them ideal for ultra-thin dielectric layers in composites and ceramic capacitors. TPL has the ability to provide nano-powder formulations to customer specifications.
NanOxide™ Powder Products
TPL offers a range of titanate powders with controlled size and chemistry. NanOxide™ powders are produced via an aqueous, low temperature process that allows for binary and tertiary oxide compositions with controlled stoichiometries. The crystalline ceramic powders have uniform spherical morphology and high dielectric constant with sintering temperatures as low as 1000° C. Various dopants can be used with binary compositions to modify properties for a wide range of ferroelectric applications. The ultra-fine particle size makes the powders ideal for thin ceramic capacitor layers and embedded polymer/ ceramic laminates.
When introducing NanOxide™ powders into your process, please keep the following points in mind:
- The manufacturing process for barium titanate includes a drying step which induces soft agglomeration (roughly 75 micron size particles). These agglomerates are easily broken up by ultrasonication or ball milling.
- Some harder agglomerates will also exist in the powder comprising several to tens of particles. Because of the extremely fine particle size, these agglomerates require more energy than is traditionally required for larger, micron sized particles. In other words, when switching from micron sized powder to nano-sized powder it may be necessary to lengthen milling time.
- Because of the extremely high surface area, higher surfactant concentrations are typically necessary to disperse nano-sized barium titanate relative to micron sized powder.
NanOxide™ - High Purity Barium Titanate (HPB) & Strontium Titanate (HPS)
Key Features
Powders are available with nominal particle sizes of <100 nm, 200 nm and 400 nm. The crystalline ceramic powders have uniform spherical morphology and high dielectric constant, with sintering temperatures as low as 1000° C. Precise stoiciometry and high chemic purity are also key features. Various dopants can be used in binary compositions to tailor properties for a variety of applications.
Applications
Multi-layer ceramic capacitors, Microelectronic discrete capacitors, Capacitance laminates for printed wiring board, Embedded capacitance materials, Insulator rings for high power surge arrestors, Specialty ceramic products.
HPB powders are crystallographically cubic, phase pure barium titanate. It is suitable for use in formulating X7R compositions for air fire and reducing atmospheres. In addition, base metal electrode compositions may also be developed. TPL, Inc. has worked with numerous companies to develop and manufacture compositions tailored to their processes. The formulations developed for those customers are proprietary; therefore, TPL, Inc. can not sell these formulations to outside users. TPL is happy to work with all customers who can provide a desired composition. They are capable of doping barium titanate both homogeneously and heterogeneously to yield either, or both, solid solutions or core/shell compositions.
NanOxide™ - Custom Titanate Formulation
High Purity Barium/Strontium Titanate
Solid solution compositions are fully adjustable to any ratio, from 1% to 99% strontium. Similarly, the primary particle size can be adjusted for the application, typically in the range of 50 nm to 500 nm. As such, barium/strontium titanate formulations are considered a specialty product and are manufactured upon request. The dielectric constant on the barium/strontium titanate is typically between 10,000 and 15,000.
High Purity Specialty Titanate Compositions
TPL is dedicated to customer satisfaction and values the necessity of custom formulations in a variety of manufacturing products. TPL's unique manufacturing process allows tremendous flexibility in the production of ceramic titanates. As with the HSB, mixed metal titanate formulations can be produced with a wide range of compositions. In addition the particle size of the powder can be varied from 50 nm to 1,000 nm.
TPL's versatile manufacturing also means that a wide variety of dopants can be added to any ceramic titanate over a range of concentrations. Dopants can be added homogeneously and heterogeneously to their ceramic titanates. Homogeneous additions yield solid solutions while heterogeneous additions are designed to yield core/shell structures to MLCC applications. TPL encourages requests for chemical formulations that will meet customer specifications.
NanOxide™484 - Particle Dispersant and Slurries TPL has considerable experience with dispersing nano-size particles in a variety of mediums. All NanOxide™ powders are available in aqueous and non-aqueous slurry form as a specialty product. TPL will work with customers to determine an appropriate solvent for the application. In addition, their NanoSperse™484 has also been made available for purchase separately as a dispersant.
