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From Measurement and Control Basics Fourth Edition
Introduction More >>
© 2007 ISA
Products & Services
Pressure sensors include all sensors, transducers and elements that produce an electrical signal proportional to pressure or changes in pressure.
Temperature instruments use contact or noncontact methods to measure temperature. Products include dial, digital, industrial and laboratory thermometers; temperature probes, indicators, and sensors; RTD elements and transmitters; and thermistors, thermocouples, thermopiles, and thermal switches.
RTD (resistive temperature device) elements are wire windings or other thin-film serpentines that exhibit changes in resistance with changes in temperature.
Level sensors are used to detect liquid or powder levels, or interfaces between liquids. There are two basic level-measurement types: continuous and point or multi-point.
Noncontact infrared temperature sensors absorb ambient infrared (IR) radiation given off by a heated surface. They are used in applications where direct temperature measurement is not possible.
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Topics of Interest
Every day, without thinking about it, we use hundreds of computers in every facet of our lives. Nearly every device with a display or a control in our homes, in our offices, and in our factories, has...
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Even the simplest controller needs some sort of operator interface device—whether it’s a simple
pushbutton panel or a highly sophisticated software package running on a PC. There is a...
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As hard as it is to imagine, electronics and computers haven’t been around forever, and neither has
automation equipment. The earliest “automated” systems consisted of an operator...
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The PID controller is by far the most common control algorithm. Most feedback loops are controlled by this algorithm or minor variations of it. It is implemented in many different forms, as a...
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11.2.1 Control Logic
Programmable Controllers. Plant engineers and technicians developed the first programmable
controller, introduced in 1970, in response to a demand for a solid-state...
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