From BW Technologies by Honeywell

The oxygen sensors used in BW instruments are of the self-powered, diffusion-limited, metal-air battery type. They are comprised of an anode, an electrolyte and an air cathode.

Oxygen sensors are current generators, and the current is proportional to the rate of oxygen consumption (Faraday's Law). This current can be measured by connecting a resistor across the output terminals to produce a voltage signal. If the passage of oxygen into the sensor is purely diffusion-limited, the signal is a measure of oxygen concentration.

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Gas sensors interact with a gas to initiate the measurement of its concentration. The sensor then provides output to an instrument to display the measurements.

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