End notes

End notes

1. The four forms of capital are economic, social, symbolic and cultural.

2. The three structures of consumption he examines are food, culture and presentation (clothing, beauty care, etc.). He then maps out patterns of expenditure for three fractions within the dominant class: industrial and commercial employers, teachers and members of the professions.

3. However, evidence drawn from a study of all the children born in 1946, 1958 and 1974 in Britain shows that social class remains the most important determinant of opportunities and choices. ( Guardian, 12/10/02, report on Changing Britain, Changing Lives, 2003).

4. Of interest too is a recent article which suggests that consumers are turning away from the traditional McDonald"s product. In response to falling sales, the company has introduced ... the traditional American diner with waitress service in the USA, and in Paris has upgraded its restaurants to look more like Parisian caf s. ( Guardian, 19th September 2002, p. 28).

5. For example, the River Caf cookbooks demand highly specialized expensive ingredients.

6. When the first McDonalds opened on the Champs Elys es in Paris, the bourgeoisie temporarily adopted it as "chic".

7. It is interesting to note how often criticisms of Bourdieu lack any convincing evidence. See, for example, Douglas, 1996, pp. 29 32.