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Chapter 5: Air Pollution Control
By Brad Buecker
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From Basics of Boiler and HRSG Design
OVERVIEWControl of air pollution it's an issue of tremendous importance to power plant owners past, present, and future. While the industry focus for years has been on nitrogen oxides (NO x), sulfur dioxide (SO 2), and particulate emissions, other pollutants are receiving increased scrutiny. Plant owners face certain or potential regulations for mercury, fine particulate matter (particles less than 2.5 microns in diameter), and carbon dioxide (CO 2). Earlier chapters outlined several boiler types that inherently limit pollutant emissions. These include fluidized-bed and coal gasification steam generators. This chapter examines other technologies, including traditional and cutting-edge methods that are most popular and promising for air pollutant control. In many cases, combinations of methods may be necessary, or most economical, to bring specific pollutant emissions within established or future guidelines. The United States Department of Energy (DOE) has sponsored many important pollutant control projects through their Clean Coal Technology program, and illustrations of some of them appear in this chapter. Power generation from fossil fuels other than coal, particularly natural gas, is much simpler with regard to pollution control, with the exception of NO x. One of the advantages that is touted about natural gas-fired units is that they produce about half the CO 2 as coal-fired plants. This issue will also be covered. AIR QUALITY AND POLLUTANT DISCHARGE REGULATIONSAir pollution control laws have been on the books for almost 40 years. The actual laws as written by Congress are quite complicated; a condensed compilation...
Copyright PennWell Corporation 2002 under license agreement with Books24x7
Products & Services
Air scrubbers, wet scrubbers, and gas scrubbers are air pollution control devices that use a high-energy liquid spray to remove aerosol and gaseous pollutants from an air stream. The gases are removed either by absorption or chemical reaction.
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Specialty pollution control and remediation equipment is specialized or proprietary equipment related to air and water pollution control, remediation, and cleanup.
Learn more about Specialty Pollution Control and Remediation Equipment
Environmental testing and analytical services provide testing of environmental samples such as soil, water, air, and industrial wastes or byproducts.
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Learn more about Environmental Testing and Analysis Services
Breathing air systems and ventilation air systems provide reliable and safe air supply sources to workers in hazardous industrial environments.
Learn more about Breathing and Ventilation Air Systems
Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems inject ammonia into boiler flue gas and pass it through a catalyst bed where the nitrogen oxide gas (NOx) and ammonia react to form nitrogen and water vapor.
Learn more about Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) Systems
Product Announcements
Topics of Interest
Although the technologies listed in this chapter might sound new, most have been around for a long time. What's driving them are environmental and efficiency issues. As they have become increasingly...
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David Nordstrand
Subject Matter Expert Emissions Control
DTE Energy
Dao N.B. Duong
Performance Engineer
Foster Wheeler, NA
Bruce G. Miller
Associate Director, Energy Institute
The...
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8.6 Pollutant Formation and Control
Fluidized-bed coal combustors have been called the "commercial success story of the last decade in the power generation business" and are perhaps the most...
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S. Thompson and K. Li
9.1 Emissions from Coal-Fired Power Stations
Around 55 billion tons of coal are produced annually throughout the world, and combustion of pulverised coal in large power...
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Since the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) were implemented in 1995, a plethora of changes to the operating environment of every electric utility has occurred. Initial (Phase 1) CAAA changes were...
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