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Chapter 35: Lathe Cycles
By Peter Smid
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From CNC Programming Handbook: A Comprehensive Guide to Practical CNC Programming, Third Edition
In the last chapter, several lathe procedures described programming of a turning and boring tool path. A number of different techniques have been introduced, mainly describing the finishing tool path. Virtually no attention has yet been given to the removal of an excessive stock, in such operations as rough turning and rough boring. It is a subject in its own right and this chapter describes various methods of stock removal for roughing and finishing. STOCK REMOVAL ON LATHESOne of the most time consuming tasks in manual programming for a CNC lathe is the removal of an excessive stock, typically from a cylindrical material, known as rough turning or rough boring - or simply roughing. To manually program a roughing tool path requires a series of coordinated rough passes, with one block of program for each tool motion. For roughing of a complex contour, such a method is extremely time consuming and very inefficient, as well as prone to errors. Some programmers try to sacrifice programming quality for speed, by leaving an uneven stock for finishing, causing the cutting tool to wear out prematurely. Surface roughness of the finished profile often suffers as well. It is in the area of rough stock removal where the modern lathe controls are very useful and convenient. Almost all CNC lathe systems have a feature that allows the roughing tool path to be processed automatically, using special cycles. Roughing is not the only application for these cycles, there are also special...
Copyright Peter Smid 2007 under license agreement with Books24x7
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Lathes and turning centers cut a rotating part with a stationary cutting tool. The tool moves parallel and perpendicular to the workpiece axis to provide the desired finished shape.
Learn more about Lathes and Turning Centers
Turning tools are used on lathes for cutting or finishing the outside diameter of a workpiece.
Learn more about Turning Tools
Tool blanks are ungrounded rods or inserts for subsequent grinding, geometry, and edge design and fabrication.
Learn more about Tool Blanks
Tool posts are used to hold cutting tools. They allow for rapid tool changeover and provide a high degree of position repeatability and indexing.
Learn more about Tool Posts
Angle cutters are milling cutters with the cutting face angled with respect to the axis of rotation.
Learn more about Angle Cutters
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OVERVIEW
Groove cutting on CNC lathes is a multi step machining operation. The term grooving usually applies to a process of forming a narrow cavity of a certain depth, on a cylinder, cone, or a...
(Read More)
In the last chapter, several lathe procedures described programming of a turning and boring tool path. A number of different techniques have been introduced, mainly describing the finishing tool path.
(Read More)
External and internal machining, commonly known as turning and boring, are the most common operations on CNC lathes. Either operation involves roughing and finishing toolpaths and can range from very...
(Read More)
Stock Allowance
In a machining environment, stock allowance is a term that defines the amount of material left for finishing after rough cutting had been completed. Although it seems a subject...
(Read More)
There is so much information that can be covered in this section, that a whole book could be written just on the subject of turning and boring. Selected subjects are presented in this chapter, others...
(Read More)
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