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Chapter 25: Elements of Machine Tool Design

By K. Lingaiah
From Machine Design Databook, Second Edition

SYMBOLS

A i

cross-sectional area of chip before removal from workpiece, m 2 (in 2)

B

width of V or U die, m (in)

c

chisel edge length, m (in)

d

diameter of the hole, m (in) diameter of the drill, m (in) depth of cut, m (in)

D

blank diameter, m (in) diameter of milling cutter, m (in) shell diameter, m (in)

D m

diameter of machined surface, m (in)

D w

diameter of workpiece or job, m (in)

E

Young's modulus, GPa (kpsi) work done in punching or shearing of material, N m (lbf ft) work done per unit volume of removed, J/mm 3

F

force, kN (lbf)

F a = F x

axial component of cutting force, kN (lbf)

F c

cutting force, kN (lbf)

F hc

normal cutting force or the resultant force on a single point metal cutting tool in the horizontal plane, kN (lbf)

E max

maximum force at the punch, kN (lbf)

F n

force normal to F ?, kN (lbf)

F n ?

force normal to shear force, kN (lbf)

F r

reaction of the cutting force, kN (lbf) radial component of the cutting force, kN(lbf)

F R

resultant cutting force, kN (lbf)

F s

stripping pressure, kN (lbf)

F f = F x

feed force, kN (lbf)

F t = F z = F c
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Products & Services
Turning Tools
Turning tools are used on lathes for cutting or finishing the outside diameter of a workpiece.
Metal Spinning Machines
Metal spinning machines are used in metal spinning (spin forming, flow forming), a process by which a metallic disk or tube is rotated at high speeds and formed into an axially symmetric part.
Counterbores
Counterbores are tools for cutting recessed holes in a workpiece, typically on center with a smaller hole.  Counterbores are also used for spot facing.
Manual Valve Actuators
Manual valve actuators do not require an outside power source. They use a handwheel or lever to drive a series of gears whose ratio results in a higher output torque compared to the input (manual) torque.
Punch Presses
Punch presses are designed for stamping, punching, bending, shearing, converting, and assembly operations.
Topics of Interest

SYMBOLS a acceleration of retained parts, m/s 2 (ft/s 2 or in/s 2) Ch actual chamfer, m (in) Ch max listed maximum allowable chamfer, m (in)...

SYMBOLS [3], [4] a radius of circular area of contact, m (in) A acceleration of the follower, m/s 2 (in/s 2) follower overhang, m (in) A c...

SYMBOLS a coefficients with subscripts flexibility acceleration, m/s 2 (ft/s 2) A area of cross section, m (in 2) constant B constant...

SYMBOLS [3], [4], [5] A area of cross section, m 2 (in 2) A w area of web, m 2 (in 2) a constant in Rankine's formula b...

SYMBOLS [1], [2] A area of seal in contact with the sliding member, m 2 (in 2) A g gasket area over which the bolt loads are distributed, m 2 (in 2) A 1...