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Epoxy

Epoxy polymers are cured to form thermoset resins by either homopolymerization of epoxy groups with themselves, or reaction with curing agents such as anhydrides, amines, and novolacs. Because the curing agent contributes significantly to the cured properties of the resin, this is called an addition reaction. Shrinkage during polymerization of epoxy resins is extremely low. The most widely used epoxy resins are based on the reaction of epichlorohydrin with bisphenol-A. The reaction ratios of these two constituents can be varied to produce products ranging from low-viscosity liquids to high-molecular-weight solids. The novolacs are another important class of epoxy resins, particularly the ECNs (epoxy cresol novolacs) and EPNs (epoxy phenol novolacs). These polyfunctional resins offer higher thermal properties and improved chemical resistance over bis-A derivatives. The cycloaliphatics comprise a third group of epoxy resins that are particularly important for applications requiring resistance to arc tracking and weathering. A fourth class of epoxy resins is based on the epoxidation of aromatic amines. These resins have good mechanical properties and high thermal capabilities and fatigue resistance. Epoxies have excellent electrical, thermal, and chemical resistance. Their strength can be further increased with fibrous reinforcement or mineral fillers. The variety of combinations of epoxy resins and reinforcements provides a wide latitude in properties obtainable in molded parts. Molded epoxy parts are hard, rigid, relatively brittle, and have excellent dimensional stability over a broad temperature range. Some fiber-reinforced formulations can withstand service temperatures above 500 °F for brief periods. Their excellent electrical properties, in combination with high mechanical strength, qualify them for electrostructural applications. Resins based on bisphenol-A are adequate for most services. However, cycloaliphatics are recommended for parts subjected to arcing conditions or those requiring outdoor weatherability. Excellent adhesion in structural applications is another outstanding property of epoxy systems. Epoxy adhesives for bonding many dissimilar materials
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Thermosets and Thermoset Materials
Thermosets and thermoset materials are crosslinked polymeric resins that are cured or set using heat or heat and pressure. They generally have a higher resistance to heat than thermoplastics.
Polymer and Plastic Composites
Polymer and plastic composites are strengthened with fibers, fillers, particulates, powders and other matrix reinforcements to provide improved strength and/or stiffness. Examples include fiber reinforced plastics (FRPs), sheet molding compounds (SMCs), bulk molding compounds (BMCs), pre-preg materials, and fabricated composite parts.
Specialty Polymers and Resins
Specialty polymers and resins are proprietary polymers, resins, monomers and intermediates. They include products that are based on proprietary curing technologies or chemistries, or that are designed for specialized applications.
Epoxy Adhesives
Epoxy adhesives are chemical compounds for joining components. They require clean surfaces and are valued for their toughness and resistance to chemical and environmental damage.
Industrial Adhesives
Industrial adhesives consist of hot melt adhesives, epoxy adhesives, polyurethane adhesives, sealants, thermoset adhesives, UV curing adhesives, silicon adhesives, acrylic adhesives and other related industrial products.
Product Announcements
ELANTAS PDG, Inc. - Electronic Protection
ELAN-Tron® U polyurethane resins provide electrical insulation with superior environmental protection. The two-part systems cure at room temperature or with low heat. Flexibility and a low exotherm... (read more)
ELANTAS PDG, Inc. - Constant Voltage Transformers
Constant voltage transformers produce a consistent output voltage despite varying input current or varying load. The load could be anything that needs a regulated power source, wheter it be personal... (read more)
ELANTAS PDG, Inc. - Battery Sealants
Batteries are a common power source for many household and industrial applications. Independent of end use application, all batteries need adequate sealing to prevent leaks, ensuring safe and... (read more)
ELANTAS PDG, Inc. - Power Generation and Distribution
ELAN-Cast® E and ELAN-Cast® P 86 resins are used for vacuum casting. They provide electrical insulation and protection against harsh environments. They can be used for dry type transformers,... (read more)
ELANTAS PDG, Inc. - Epoxylite® Hi Temp Epoxy Systems
For more than 50 years, the aerospace industry has relied on Epoxylite® resins. The United States space program created the need for a new generation of epoxy formulations with previously... (read more)
 
Topics of Interest

5.1 INTRODUCTION A variety of curing agents and catalysts will react with epoxy resins to provide crosslinked adhesives. The curing agents generally react with the available epoxy or hydroxyl...

4.5 CURING After dispensing the adhesive and placing the devices, the adhesive must be cured, that is, it must be advanced from a liquid or semi-solid state to a solid state for full development of...

Epoxy (EP) resins exhibit high strength and low shrinkage during curing. Epoxies are known for their toughness and resistance to chemical and environmental damage. Most epoxies are two-part resins...

4.1 INTRODUCTION The syntheses of commercial epoxy resins that are commonly used in many applications were discussed in Chap. 2. Additional information is provided in this chapter with regard to the...

2.1 INTRODUCTION Proper formulation of epoxy adhesives requires knowledge of the chemical reactions that lead to polymerization as well as the chemical and physical properties of both the uncured...