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Low-Cost Electric Range Control Using a Triac
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Low-Cost Electric Range Control Using a Triac
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From Microchip Technology, Inc.
Most countertop cooking appliances like electric ranges, skillets and fryers have an adjustable mechanical thermostat to vary the heat output of the range. This solution is inexpensive, but there are several drawbacks to mechanical thermostats:
• Mechanical thermostats have to be calibrated at the factory.
• They have poor simmer performance (control is not precise at low temperatures).
• The accuracy of these devices is poor.
• Mechanical components wear out over time.
This application note will describe a low-cost microcontroller-based replacement for the mechanical thermostat which eliminates these drawbacks. The PIC10F204, Microchip's 6-pin PICmicro® microcontroller
(SOT-23 package), is used to implement this solution. The PICmicro gathers user inputs from a potentiometer and controls current to the heating element via a triac. This application note will discuss triac theory, so it is also a good resource for other applications that interface to AC lines (i.e., light switches, vacuum cleaners and various other household appliances). Power to the PICmicro is supplied directly from the AC lines via a resistive power supply.
Products & Services
Specialty thyristors are specialty or proprietary products and accessories related to thyristors.
Thermostats and thermal switches are electro-mechanical on/off switches that are activated by temperature changes. They are typically used to control heating and cooling systems.
Solid state relays (SSR) or semiconductor relays are semiconductor devices that can be used in place of mechanical relays to switch electricity to a load in many applications.
Quadracs are a special type of thyristor which combines a diac and a triac in a single package. The diac is the triggering device for the triac.
Thyristors are a class of four-layer (PNPN) semiconductor devices that act as switches, rectifiers, or voltage regulators.
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