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Stepping Motors Fundamentals
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Stepping Motors Fundamentals
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Stepping Motors Fundamentals
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From Microchip Technology, Inc.
 

 
Stepping motors fill a unique niche in the motor control world. These motors are commonly used in measurement and control applications. Sample applications include ink jet printers, CNC machines and volumetric pumps. Several features common to all stepper motors make them ideally suited for these types of applications. There are three basic types of stepping motors: permanent magnet, variable reluctance and hybrid. This application note covers all three types. Permanent magnet motors have a magnetized rotor, while variable reluctance motors have toothed soft-iron rotors. Hybrid stepping motors combine aspects of both permanent magnet and variable reluctance technology. The stator, or stationary part of the stepping motor holds multiple windings. The arrangement of these windings is the primary factor that distinguishes different types of stepping motors from an electrical point of view. From the electrical and control system perspective, variable reluctance motors are distant from the other types. Both permanent magnet and hybrid motors may be wound using either unipolar windings, bipolar windings or bifilar windings. Each of these is described in the sections below.
Products & Services
Stepper motors use a magnetic field to move a rotor in small angular steps or fractions of steps. They provide precise positioning and ease of use, especially in low acceleration or static load applications.
Linear motors generate force only in the direction of travel. They are capable of extremely high speeds, quick acceleration, and accurate positioning.
Motor controllers receive supply voltages and provide signals to motor drives that are interfaced to motors. They include a power supply, amplifier, user interface, and position control circuitry.
Stepper motor drives power unipolar and bipolar stepper motors in full step, half step, and microstep motion control applications.
AC motor drives interface controllers to AC motors. They match the control signals (voltage and power levels) as well as the signal type (analog or digital). They also provide power conversion, amplification, and the sequencing of waveform signals.
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Product Announcements
Nippon Pulse America, Inc. - ROHS Hybrid Stepping Motor
For designers who require performance and endurance in a small package, Nippon Pulse America introduces the NEMA Size 11 hybrid stepper motors that produce high torque in a small, RoHS compliant... (read more)
ElectroCraft - .9 Degree Stepper for Precision Control
Lower Cost .9 Degree Stepper is Better Solution for Precision Control EADmotors' .9 degree stepping motor delivers optimum performance in contemporary medical equipment and other applications that... (read more)
Automationdirect.com - Stepper Motors & More -
The SureStep™ open-loop stepping system provides simple & accurate control of position & speed. 4 stepper motors & a "one-size-fits-all" microstepping drive are offered. The motors... (read more)
ElectroCraft - Size 11 Stepping Motor
ElectroCraft is pleased to announce the release of our new size 11 hybrid stepping motor. The new stepping motor design features high torque in a small package, ideal for automation applications where... (read more)
Digi-Key Corporation - Toshiba Motor Controller & Driver ICs at Digi-Key
From Digi-Key, Toshiba develops its Motor Controller and Driver ICs in its leading-edge BiCMOS and BiCD (Bipolar+CMOS+DMOS) processes. (read more)
Bodine Electric Company - Bodine Standard Products Catalog S-16
Download our standard products catalog, S-16, from www.bodine-electric.com. Whether it's AC induction, brushless DC, or permanent magnet DC gearmotors, motors, or controls, we deliver Quality in... (read more)
Hansen Corp. - Permanent Magnet DC Motors
A new line of permanent magnet DC motors has been introduced to service the industrial and automotive markets. Available in three frame sizes of 1.6, 2.1 and 2.25 inches in diameter and various motor... (read more)
Autonics USA, Inc. - NEW 2-phase stepping motor
NEW high accuracy and cost-effective shaft type 2-phase stepping motor, AK-2 Series. Features available by clicking... (read more)
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Topics of Interest
The shaft of a stepper motor moves between discrete rotary positions typically separated by a few degrees. Because of this precise position controllability, stepper motors are excellent for... (Read More)
Motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. A stepper motor converts electrical pulses into specific rotational movements. The movement created by each pulse is precise and repeatable,... (Read More)
Permanent Magnet (PM) Brushless Motors  The permanent magnet brushless dc motor has been in existence for about three decades and is finally being widely used for many applications1,5,6. Its... (Read More)
Specialty Motors General Principles of Operation-Stepper A step or stepper motor is one in which electrical pulses are converted into mechanical movements. A standard DC motor, for example, rotates... (Read More)
AN906 Stepper Motor Control Using the PIC16F684 MICROSTEPPING Author: Reston Condit Microchip Technology Inc. Single stepping, or turning a stepping motor at its rated step size, results in less than... (Read More)
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Technical Articles
Stepping Motors Fundamentals (.pdf) - Motors
Motor Fundamentals - Motors
Precision Motion In Vacuum - Motors
How to Select the Reactor That's Right for Your DC Drive! - Surge Suppressors
Electrical Engineering Tutorials - Training
The Most Efficient Distance Between Two Points - Conveyors and Conveyor Components
How to Choose an Electromagnetic Clutch or Brake - Clutches and Brakes
Dynamic Defect Detection - Test and Measurement
The Leadtime Challenge - Contract Manufacturing and Fabrication
Case Study: Microelectronics Inspection with Matrox Imaging Library (.pdf) - Machine Vision Equipment
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See more product announcements for Stepper Motors
Stepper Digital Linear Actuators - 26DAM

Stepper Digital Linear Actuators - 26DAM
Portescap, A Danaher Motion Company


Lead Screw Output Shafts -Miniature Stepper Motors

Lead Screw Output Shafts -Miniature Stepper Motors
MicroMo Electronics, Inc.


New Miniature Stepping Gearmotor

New Miniature Stepping Gearmotor
Nidec Copal (USA) Corporation


11 See more product announcements for Stepper Motors

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