Pigments Specifications on GlobalSpec

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Color / Appearance


	Color / Appearance		Primary pigment is commonly composed of titanium dioxide. The amount of primary pigment impacts greatly on the hiding capabilities of the paint film and UV protection. Secondary pigments are pigments such as talc, silics, calcium carbonate, mica, etc., which have little impact on hiding. They are basically used as fillers to help control viscosity, leveling, sheen, etc.
	Your choices are...
	Aluminum		The colorant is aluminum.
	Black		The colorant is black.
	Blue		The colorant is blue.
	Bronze		The colorant is bronze.
	Brown		The colorant is brown.
	Copper		The colorant is copper.
	Gray		The colorant is gray.
	Green		The colorant is green.
	Metallic Flake		The colorant has metallic flakes for a metallic appearance.
	Orange		The colorant is orange.
	Pearlescent		The colorant is pearlescent.
	Photoluminescent		The color is photoluminescent; it glows in the dark.
	Purple		The colorant is purple.
	Red		The colorant is red.
	Silver		The colorant is silver.
	White		The colorant is white.
	Yellow		The colorant is yellow.
	Other		Other unlisted colors.
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Type / Composition


	Colorant Type
	Your choices are...
	Barium Metaborate		Borates have water solubility greater than 0.2% and should be carefully formulated to avoid stability problems.
	Barium Sulphate		Barium sulfate is a white, soluble, heavy compound obtained either from the natural mineral barytes, or by chemical treatment of barium and sulfuric acid. It is highly transparent, which improves printability. It is also used to form the pigment lithopone, which is also known as "blanc fixe".
	Raw Sienna		Raw siennas are unique shades of natural yellow with a brownish undertone.
	Burnt Sienna		Burnt siennas are brownish shades with good transparency and heat stability characteristics. They are used extensively in producing mahogany, cherry, and rosewood colored stains. They are also used by the art material industry to produce flesh tones when combined with titanium dioxide white.
	Raw Umber		Raw umbers are an excellent value in brown pigments and popular in the stain industry due to their transparency. Though they are not heat-stable, raw umbers can be used to produce many warm gray tones. They are also used extensively by colorant houses to darken a color without seriously affecting its chromaticity.
	Burnt Umber		Burnt umber is a calcimined version of raw umber, which changes its ability to absorb light. This process leads to its redder-orange color. Burnt umber tints white to light beige and tans, and is universally accepted as a pigment for brown oil stains.
	Carbon Black		Carbon black is a black, amorphous, carbon pigment produced by the thermal decomposition of natural hydrocarbons. There are three different types: furnace, channel, and lamp black.
	Chromium Oxide		Chromium oxide is a compound of chromium and oxygen. It is often used in alloys.
	Fluorescent		Pigment that absorbs light at one wavelength and responds by emitting light at another wavelength; the emitted light is of longer wavelength (and hence of lower energy) than the light absorbed.
	Inorganic		Inorganic pigments are useful mainly where high opacity is needed. Inorganic pigments do not contain carbon.
	Iron Oxide		Iron oxide is available as a natural or synthetic product. In terms of tonnage, ochre is the major iron oxide. Tuscan red and yellow ocher are popular iron oxides.
	Lead Carbonate		Lead white, white lead, flake white, and Cremnintz white are names given to synthetic lead carbonate pigment.
	Natural		Natural dyes and pigments are refined from native ores and earths by physical and chemical treatments, which convert these crude coloring matters into improved pigments with the desirable color and pigment properties.
	Phosphorescent		Photoluminescence occurs naturally in many minerals and metallic compounds, in some types of organic compounds, and in some living organisms such as marine fauna and fireflies. Phosphorescence is distinguished from fluorescence in two ways: There is a longer time period between excitation and the emission of light, ranging from one-thousandth of a second to several hours, whereas fluorescence occurs almost instantaneously. Phosphorescence may continue for some hours after the excitation source has been removed. The length of emanation depends on the substance, whereas fluorescence ceases when the source is cut off. Thus, phosphorescent materials glow in darkness but fluorescent materials do not.
	Organic		Organic pigments refer to a wide range of chemical families and covers a wide spectrum of properties. They are used mainly for applications requiring high tinting strength and brilliant shades. Organic pigments contain carbon.
	Strontium Chromate		Strontium chromate is also known as chromic acid strontium salt, C.I. pigment yellow 32, strontium yellow, deep lemon yellow, strontium dichromate, and strontium chromate (VI).
	Synthetic		Chemical reactions and processes make synthetics from raw materials, which are not in themselves pigments.
	Titanium Dioxide		Titanium dioxide is the white pigment in virtually all white paints. It is also the prime hiding pigment in most paints. Another name for titanium dioxide is anatase titanium.
	Zinc Oxide		Zinc oxide is a fine, white, insoluble powder, prepared by the oxidation of pure zinc or by roasting zinc ore. It is used for a variety of purposes; however, the most important is as a paint pigment called zinc white.
	Zinc Phosphate		Zinc phosphate is a valuable corrosion-resistant pigment that is used extensively in developed countries. This pigment is essentially zinc phosphate dihydrate and corresponds to the formula Zn₃ (PO₄)₂. 2H₂O. It is a white, non-toxic pigment prepared by precipitation.
	Zinc Sulfide		Zinc sulfide (ZnS) occurs naturally as a "blend" and is prepared directly from the elements and precipitation of a zinc salt solution with ammonium sulfide. It is produced at a relatively low cost, so many of its applications are as a substitute for other materials. ZnS is a gray or off-white powder that is insoluble in water, but soluble in acid.
	Other		Other unlisted or proprietary pigments.
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Form


	Form
	Your choices are...
	Dry Powder		Traditionally, pigments are supplied as dry powders or granules to producers of inks and coatings. Dry powder pigment offers the widest possible choice of grades available. Consequently, it allows the formulator a high degree of flexibility.
	Masterbatch - Liquid / Paste		As the name implies, these are materbatches or concentrated dispersions of organic or waterborne pigments that contain solvents or diluents. These dispersions can be free flowing pourable liquids or high-viscosity pastes depending on the composition. Depending on the specified end use, they may contain resins, additives or surfactants. Due to their fully dispersed nature, this family of dispersions is readily incorporated by means of simple low energy mixing equipment requiring no additional dispersion.
	Masterbatch - Pellets / Solid		This category of masterbatches or concentrate dispersions includes pre-dispersions of pigment supplied in dry form either as dust free pellets, granules or flakes. They do not contain solvents but may contain additives or plasticizers. The two common forms that typify this category are chips and Predisol pigment preparations. As these are in solid form, they do not have the pigment level limitations found with paste or liquid dispersions, due to the handling difficulties encountered with high rheology pastes. Pigment levels of between 50% and 70% are achievable, depending on the pigment and resin type. The high pigment-to-binder ratio achievable from some specialist dispersions minimizes the content of dispersing resin, which opens up the possibilities of developing multi use concentrates, a highly desirable production capability.
	Other		Other unlisted dispersion types.
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Physical Specifications


	Oil Absorption		As the size of pigment particles gets smaller, the surface area becomes larger. As a result, the paint needs larger amounts of binder to wet each of the pigment particles. The amount of oil that is required to make paint with a pigment is called oil absorption. The oil absorption of a pigment is dependent on the size of the particle as well as the various physical and chemical properties of the pigment, and also the binder.
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	pH		The potential hydrogen (pH) of the colorant.
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Application


	Application
	Your choices are...
	Adhesives		The colorant is used to impart color to adhesives.
	Art Materials		The colorant is used to impart color to art materials, for example, crayons.
	Ceramics		The colorant is used to impart color to ceramics.
	Concrete		The colorant is used to impart color to concrete.
	Cosmetics / Soap		The colorant is used to impart color to cosmetics and soap products.
	Fibers and Textiles		The colorant is used to impart color to fibers and textiles.
	Food and Beverages		These pigments include products meant to go directly into foods and beverages, as well as those for the packaging that comes into contact with those items.
	Glass		The colorant is used to impart color to glass.
	Inks		The colorant is used to impart color to ink.
	Leather, Fur, Feathers		The colorant is used to impart color to leather, fur, and feathers.
	Medical / Biomedical		The colorant is designed for medical or biomedical applications such as tissue staining.
	Paints and Coatings		The colorant is used to impart color to paints and other coatings.
	Paper / Paperboard		The colorant is used to impart color to paper and paper products.
	Photography		The colorant is used to impart color to photographic materials.
	Plastics and Polymers		The colorant is used to impart color to plastics and other polymers.
	Rubber		The colorant is used to impart color to rubber.
	Wax / Candle		The colorant is used to impart color to waxes and candles.
	Wood		The colorant is used to impart color to wood and wood products.
	Other		Other unlisted application types.
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Features



	Your choices are...
	Conductive		The colorant can conduct electricity.
	Heat Resistant		The colorant is heat resistive.
	Heavy Metal Free		The colorant is free from heavy metals such as lead, chrome, and cadmium.
	Reinforcing Filler		The colorant is used as reinforcing filler.
	UV Stable		The colorant will not fade under UV radiation.
	Water Soluble		Colorants contain mostly water as the solvent, but may also contain chemicals such as glycol ethers, alcohols and other water-soluble volatile organic chemicals (VOCs).
	Weather Resistant		For outdoor applications, pigments used for coloring should be selected for their weather resistance characteristics. This is separate from the pigment's lightfastness characteristic. Weather resistant pigments are usually lightfast, but the reverse is not always the case.
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Pigments Specifications

Color / Appearance:

Colorant Type:

Form:

Oil Absorption:

pH:

Application:

Features:

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