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Advances in Instrumentation Used to Monitor High-Purity Water Treatment Systems (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
High-purity water treatment technology has progressed and changed significantly in recent years. Major trends include the wider variety of membrane processes driving an increasing share of purification, more use of reclaimed and recycled water, and...
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Advances in Resistivity Instrumentation for UPW Systems (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
For decades, resistivity instrumentation has been (and remains) the first choice to detect catastrophic events in de-ionized (DI) water purification systems immediately, though reliance upon TOC analyzers is growing. But with the quality and...
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Fundamental Conductivity and Resistivity of Water (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Pure water has a very low, but not quite zero, electrical conductivity. This conductivity provides a probe into fundamental properties of water, including the electrochemical mobility of the hydrogen and hydroxide ions. Deviation from this value is a...
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Ultrapure Water - The Standard for Resistivity Measurements (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
For years, resistivity/conductivity instrumentation has been used as a reliable indicator of ionic water quality, especially for ultrapure water (UPW). Traditionally, the instrumentation is procured, installed, powered up, and perhaps connected to a...
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ORP Application in Ultra Pure Water (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
ORP (Oxidation-Reduction or redox Potential) measurement is used to indicate the presence of oxidizing or reducing conditions in water. In pure water treatment, ORP is most commonly used to assure removal of chlorine or other oxidizing agent ahead of...
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Pharmaceutical: 550TOC Analyzer Meets USP <643> and EP 2.2.44 (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
The United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) <643> and the European Pharmacopoeia (EP) 2.2.44 require that TOC analyzers, used to measure Water for Injection, Purified Water and Highly Purified Water (EP only) be periodically challenged with two known...
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Pharmaceutical: Dissolved Ozone Measurement in Pharmaceutical Water
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Ozone is an unstable tri-atomic form of oxygen. It is a very strongly oxidizing gas that is injected into water to remove organics that may contribute color, odor or taste. Most importantly, ozone sanitizes the water, rapidly destroying any...
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Pharmaceutical: High Performance Ozone Measurement (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Due to its efficient microorganism destruction capability and decomposition of resulting endotoxins, the use of dissolved ozone in the production of pharmaceutical water is gaining significantly in popularity. Ozone (O3) is an unstable tri-atomic...
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Pharmaceutical: Updating International Standards For Pharmaceutical Waters (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Historically, quality tests for bulk purified water (PW) and water for injection (WFI) were confined to the laboratory. Water samples were checked for single chemical impurities, such as carbon dioxide, ammonia, chloride, sulfate, and calcium, using...
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Pharmaceutical: Implementation of the Multiparameter Concept in Pharmaceutical Water Preparation (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Anton Hübner GmbH&Co. KG, is one of Germany’s most important manufacturers of products for the health food store market. Over 200 employees are engaged in the manufacture of some 300 different products, including non-prescription drugs, medicinal...
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Pharmaceutical: Importance of TOC Measurements for Pharmaceutical Water Systems (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Mettler-Toledo Thornton successes in the semiconductor industry helped establish our role as the paramount worldwide supplier of instrumentation for pure and ultrapure water treatment systems. Leading pharmaceutical and biotech facilities rely on...
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Pharmaceutical: Pure Water for Pharmaceutical Applications (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Mettler-Toledo Thornton successes in the semiconductor industry helped establish our role as the paramount worldwide supplier of instrumentation for pure and ultrapure water treatment systems. Leading pharmaceutical and biotech facilities rely on...
( View Full Article)
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Pharmaceutical: System Suitability Testing: Simplifying a Critical Element in the TOC Monitoring Process (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
New System Suitability Testing technology helps the Pharmaceutical Industry comply with instrumentation requirements for Total Organic Carbon (TOC) measurement and saves time and costs. In the Pharmaceutical Water production process, System...
( View Full Article)
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Power: A Comprehensive Look at Conductivity Measurement (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Conductivity has been the simplest, oldest, most common, most reliable and lowest cost measurement used for determining water purity. Nevertheless, this lowly measurement has provided the means for protecting and assuring efficient operation of...
( View Full Article)
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Power: A Multiparameter Instrumentation Approach to Makeup and Cycle Chemistry Measurements (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Process analytical instrumentation for both makeup water treatment and cycle chemistry measurements has evolved to meet the increasing demands of these major parts of the plant. Makeup treatment at many locations is faced with deteriorating quality...
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Power: Accurate Conductivity Temperature Compensation – A Critical Difference (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
A large power plant and its condensate polishing system suppliers experienced far-reaching problems as a result of large errors in cation conductivity measurements provided by another instrument vendor. Measurements were made on new condensate...
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Power: Calculation of pH and Carbon Dioxide from Power Plant Conductivity Measurements (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Although ammonia or amine feed to the steam cycle is required to meet pH specifications, it is common practice to rely on the equivalent specific conductivity for direct control purposes since it is a more reliable measurement. This can be taken a...
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Power: EDF Puts THORNTON Cation Conductivity Know-How to the Test! (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
EDF (Électricité de France) operates 19 nuclear power stations inside France with annual revenue of over €58 billion. The Product Engineering Division of EDF maintains an Expertise and Inspection Department for Manufacturing and Operation (CEIDRE)...
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Power: pH and CO2 Determinations Based on Power Plant Conductivity Measurements (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Described here are capabilities to read out pH in real time based on calculations from specific and cation conductivity values. On cycle chemistry samples, calculated pH can be more accurate and more reliable than high purity pH measured with a...
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Power: Practical Application of Specific & Cation Conductivity Measurement (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
The basics of conductivity measurements used in steam power plants are reviewed and common pitfalls are examined with examples from actual installations. State of the art instrumentation and techniques can provide more consistent results and improve...
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Power: Pure Water and Process Analytics for Power and Steam Applications (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Our fundamental innovations in high purity water measurements since 1964 have brought significant progress into the power industry. Thornton developed the robust coaxial conductivity sensor which completely replaced the traditional fragile...
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Power: The Problem of Organics in Power Plant Waters (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
While most efforts at producing pure water are aimed at removing minerals, these processes do not necessarily remove organic compounds. There is an increasing awareness of the kinds of trouble that organics can cause and this can drive changes in...
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Power: Dissolved Oxygen and ORP Measurements (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
ORP (oxidation reduction or redox potential) and DO (dissolved oxygen) measurements can provide valuable information in makeup water treatment, cycle chemistry control and stator coolant. Taking the time to understand the principles of operation of...
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Power: THORNTON Multiparameter Measurement Helps to Power South Africa (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Over the years, Mettler-Toledo Thornton instrumentation has safe-guarded the steam-water cycle chemistry, makeup water treatment, and generator- cooling systems of many of the plants powering South Africa. The unique multiparameter capability of the...
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Power: TOC Measurement Protects High Pressure Cogeneration Assets (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Cogeneration plants receiving steam condensate return from organic chemical processes are concerned with contaminants entering their boilers. TOC measurements on condensate return are essential to warn of organics intrusion. With the increasing...
( View Full Article)
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Power: TOC-Measuring Organics in Power Plants to Prevent Fouling, Corrosion, and Depositions (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Organic contamination of pure power plant waters can cause a number of costly problems: It can foul ion-exchange resins in make-up and condensate deionizers, requiring more frequent resin cleaning and replacement. Contamination can break down to...
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Power: Measuring Organics in Power Plants to Prevent Fouling, Corrosion, and Depositions (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
A treatment system that can produce water with low organics during one season may be seriously challenged in another season. Even greater changes in source water composition impact a treatment system if it must alternate between surface water high in...
( View Full Article)
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Semiconductor: Choosing the Best pH Electrode for Use in Fluoride Treatment Processes (.pdf)
(Semiconductors)
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From this Article:
The new M300 transmitter line has been designed to measure pH, conductivity / resistivity, dissolved oxygen, dissolved ozone and flow. Besides single channel units there is also a dual channel version available with multi-parameter capability. A...
( View Full Article)
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Semiconductor: Dissolved Ozone Equipment Controls Periodic UPW Ozonation (.pdf)
(Semiconductors)
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From this Article:
In the southwest US, one of the world’s top 10 semiconductor companies designing and manufacturing embedded semiconductors for automotive, consumer, and other industrial markets, faces the daily challenges of efficiently maintaining a large UPW...
( View Full Article)
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Semiconductor: Dissolved Ozone Measurement in Semiconductor Ultrapure Water Systems (.pdf)
(Semiconductors)
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From this Article:
Ozonation is used to disinfect and sanitize ultrapure water as it passes through final filtering and distribution equipment. The goal is to control bacteria levels of the ultrapure water transported to the fab. Biological growth would generate...
( View Full Article)
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Semiconductor: Conductivity and pH In HF Etch Solutions (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is used in semiconductor processing, glass etching and other industrial processes. The extremely corrosive and toxic nature of HF makes it difficult to handle, requiring special materials of construction. This is also true of...
( View Full Article)
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Semiconductor: Effective Tools for Supporting Complete Water Cycle Management (.pdf)
(Semiconductors)
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From this Article:
Mettler-Toledo Thornton offers a multiparameter measurement system for many water treatment monitoring application. For the customer, this simplifies both the procurement and the operation of analytical measurement equipment. This approach offers...
( View Full Article)
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Semiconductor: Measurement Speed and Operating Cost – Key Factors to Replace TOC Equipment (.pdf)
(Semiconductors)
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From this Article:
“ON Semiconductor’s” world headquarters in Phoenix, AZ, is a 100-acre campus that includes their corporate offices, a design center and two wafer manufacturing facilities. One manufacturing facility supports their technology development efforts and...
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Semiconductor: Portable Continuous TOC Monitoring in a Semiconductor Water System (.pdf)
(Semiconductors)
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From this Article:
The primary requirements of water systems are (or ought to be) driven by the required quality of the finished products. In the microelectronics industry, this often translates into “cleaner water for smaller linewidth devices”. While the most common...
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Semiconductor: Pure Water and Process Analytics for Semiconductor Applications (.pdf)
(Semiconductors)
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From this Article:
Over forty years ago, Thornton designed and manufactured the original analog resistivity meters for high purity water. Thornton later pioneered microprocessor-based resistivity instrumentation with the first computed high purity temperature...
( View Full Article)
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Semiconductor: Resistivity Instrumentation to Meet Today's Semiconductor Processing Requirements
(Semiconductors)
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From this Article:
Resistivity instrumentation has served the water purification industry well for many years. A few years ago, as a result of the reliability and endurance of this measurement, resistivity instrumentation was almost taken for granted when designing new...
( View Full Article)
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Semiconductor: The Impact of TOC in UPW Systems For The Electronics Industry (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Semiconductor manufacturing processes have some of the most stringent specifications for ionic and organic contamination in pure and Ultrapure water systems. Managing and measuring these contaminants in their UPW systems has enabled semiconductor...
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Success Story: 770MAX Provides Reliable Multiparameter Monitoring for Cycle Chemistry (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
AEP Appalachian Power Company Clinch River Station in Virginia, USA The AEP Appalachian Power Company Clinch River Station in Virginia has three coal-fired 235 MW units built in the early 1960s. They are highly efficient for plants of that vintage.
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Success Story: Mettler-Toledo Thornton Multiparameter Measurement Helps to Power South Africa (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Eskom, the primary electric company South Africa has been a technological leader in energy production, from extensive development of synthetic fuels to innovative power plant configurations and operating techniques. Eskom is the primary electric...
( View Full Article)
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Success Story: Purified Water For Emergency Eye-Wash Stations (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Fendall’s decision for TOC and conductivity analysis The Fendall Company, located in Platteville, Wisconsin, is the world leader in portable emergency eye care products, and they are the designer and producer of the first self-contained, gravity-fed...
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Success Story: Reliable Operation in Mobile Water Systems (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
GE Mobile Water, Inc. – Water for emergency treatment GE Mobile Water, Inc., (formerly Ecolochem, Inc.), a part of GE Infrastructure, Water and Process Technologies, essentially created the mobile water treatment industry to serve the power industry...
( View Full Article)
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Purified Water for Emergency Wash Stations (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
According to Ron Geil, Director of Operations for the Fendall Company, they specified the 770MAX Multiparameter Analyzer, 5000TOC Total Organic Carbon Sensor and Conductivity sensor since these instruments meet the requirements for measuring USP...
( View Full Article)
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Dissolved Ozone Measurement in Bottled Water (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Bottled water is most commonly of two types: mineral water which comes from a natural source and is not altered significantly, and purified water which is treated with reverse osmosis and other steps to adjust the mineral content. Both must be...
( View Full Article)
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Improving Water System Performance with Continuous TOC Measurement (.pdf)
(Test and Measurement)
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From this Article:
Bottled water is most commonly of two types: mineral water which comes from a natural source and is not altered significantly, and purified water which is treated with reverse osmosis and other steps to adjust the mineral content. Both must be...
( View Full Article)
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