Help with Ceramic Insulation and Textiles specifications:
Textile Product Type
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| Blanket / Batt | Blankets or batts (batting) are made of thick layers of woven and/or nonwoven fabric sheets. | ||
| Fabric / Cloth | Industrial fabrics are produced by weaving, knitting, braiding, or extrusion. They can also be needle punched, formed from a slurry (wet laid), or produced in other ways. The properties of finished products depend upon the manufacturing process, fiber material, and fiber size. | ||
| Fiber / Filament | Bulk chopped fibers or thin, continuous fiber filaments are used typically in composite reinforcement applications, flowable insulation or as the key component in woven fabrics, braids, knits, rope roving or other specialty fabrics. | ||
| Roving / Yarn | Roving is made of tows, untwisted bundles of continuous filaments. Yarn is made of continuous, often plied strands of natural or man-made fibers or filaments. | ||
| Rope / Cordage | Products that are made from twisted or braided rope or cordage. Heat-insulating rope or braid is used to provide a thermal seal around doors or other openings in furnace walls. | ||
| Sleeving / Wrap | Sleeves or wraps are flexible, fibrous refractory products for insulating pipes, tubes, ducts, and other process components. | ||
| Strands / Multi-filament | Thin, continuous, multi-fiber filaments are used in composite reinforcement applications, or as the key components in woven fabrics, braids, knits, rope roving or other specialty fabrics. | ||
| Thread | Thin, continuous threads or filaments are used for stitching or reinforcement. Monofilaments are used in reinforcement applications. Multi-fiber threads are used in sewing or stitching. | ||
| Webbing / Tape | Products including woven ribbons, webbing, strapping or tape. | ||
| Specialty / Other | Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary product types or forms. | ||
| Search Logic: | All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches. | ||
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| Woven Product? | Woven products are used for composite tooling and the formation of structures. Continuous fibers are processed into two or three-dimensional structures by weaving fibers on a loom. | ||
| Search Logic: | "Required" and "Must Not Have" criteria limit returned matches as specified. Products with optional attributes will be returned for either choice. | ||
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| Felt / Nonwoven Product? | Nonwoven products are textile or fiber-based materials shaped into mats of randomly oriented fibers, felt, needle punched cloth, spun bound, or meltblown structures. | ||
| Search Logic: | "Required" and "Must Not Have" criteria limit returned matches as specified. Products with optional attributes will be returned for either choice. | ||
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Material Type
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| Material Type: | |||
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| Alumina | Alumina (aluminum oxide) is a white, ceramic material with high hardness. Fully-dense alumina can be translucent. Alumina is used widely because of its versatility and relatively low cost. Alumina's main drawback is its relatively poor thermal shock resistance because of its higher coefficients of thermal expansion and lower thermal conductivity when compared to other, pure ceramic materials such as silicon carbide (SiC). | ||
| Boron | Boron fibers are often available in monofilament form. They are used to provide structural reinforcement in composites. | ||
| Carbon / Graphite | Carbon is a non-metallic element with an extremely high sublimation temperature and a wide variety of crystalline structure forms. Carbon is available as amorphous/vitreous carbon, pyrolytic graphite, hexagonal graphite, diamond or diamond-like carbon. To prevent oxidation at elevated temperatures, carbon without a protective coating is used in reducing or vacuum atmospheres. | ||
| Quartz / Fused Silica | Fused silica is a compound of silicon and oxygen. Quartz and high-purity amorphous-fused silica afford very low expansion, remarkable thermal shock resistance, low thermal conductivity, excellent electrical insulation up to 1000° C, and excellent resistance to corrosion from molten metal. | ||
| Silicon Carbide | Silicon carbide (SiC) is a ceramic material with high hardness. It is usually harder than alumina and, depending on the addition of impurities, is green or black in color. Silicon carbide is used to form a protective layer that prevents further oxidation at very high temperatures in non-reducing atmospheres. Silicon carbide has a relatively high thermal shock resistance compared to other ceramic materials. This is due to its low coefficient of thermal expansion and high thermal conductivity. | ||
| Zirconia | Zirconia (zirconium oxide) is an extremely refractory compound. It often contains additions of calcia, magnesia or yttria for the formation and stabilization of a cubic structure that minimizes cracking and mechanical weakening during heating and cooling. Zirconia is used in wear applications that require improved fracture-toughness and greater stiffness than alumina can provide. Zirconia ceramics possess excellent chemical inertness and corrosion resistance at temperatures well above the melting point of alumina. Because it is more expensive zirconia is used mainly in applications that are not suitable for alumina. Zirconia has low thermal conductivity and is an electrical conductor above 800° C. | ||
| Specialty (Hafnia, Yttria, Ceria, REO, etc.) | Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary materials such as yttria (Y2O3), hafnia (HfO2,), ceria (CeO2) and other rare earth oxide (REO) ceramics. | ||
| Search Logic: | All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches. | ||
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| Mineral Wool Addition? | Mineral wool includes slag wool (slag from a metallurgical furnace), rock wool (mineral-derived), or glass wool (sand- or glass-derived), depending upon the raw material from which it is produced. Mineral wool is manufactured by blowing air or steam, or spinning filaments from a molten mass of raw material through a molten blast furnace slag (slag wool), molten rock (rock wool), or molten sand or glass (glass wool). The resultant fibers are then collected as a tangled mat of fibrous product. Mineral wool is often derived from a calcium silicate mineral. | ||
| Search Logic: | "Required" and "Must Not Have" criteria limit returned matches as specified. Products with optional attributes will be returned for either choice. | ||
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| Metallic Fiber Additions? | Metal fibers have a shiny surface, high density, ductility, high melting point, high hardness, and high thermal and electrical conductivity. | ||
| Search Logic: | "Required" and "Must Not Have" criteria limit returned matches as specified. Products with optional attributes will be returned for either choice. | ||
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Dimensions
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| Fiber Denier | Denier is a unit of measure for the linear mass density of fibers. It is defined as the mass in grams (g) per 9000 meters (m). Filament denier is defined as the mass per 9000 m of a single filament of fiber. Total denier is also defined as the mass per 9000 m, but applies to filament agglomerations such as yarn. | ||
| Search Logic: | User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria. | ||
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| Fabric Weight | Fabric weight is the weight per unit area of woven or non-woven fabric, textile or cloth. | ||
| Search Logic: | User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria. | ||
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| Overall Thickness | Overall thickness is measured with a gauge that contains two flat cylinders for a relevant sample area and a spring-loaded mechanism for a consistent, applied pressure. | ||
| Search Logic: | User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria. | ||
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| Overall Width / OD | Overall width or outer diameter (OD) is the cut width of a roll of fabric or textile material. | ||
| Search Logic: | User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria. | ||
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| Overall Length | Fabrics and textiles are sold in roll form at varying lengths, many in excess of one mile. | ||
| Search Logic: | User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria. | ||
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Properties
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| Use Temperature | Use temperature is the maximum temperature at which fibers can be used continuously, without the degradation of structural or other required end-use properties. | ||
| Search Logic: | User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria. | ||
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| Fabric Strength | Fabric strength is the load per inch-width that a fabric can withstand before breaking. | ||
| Search Logic: | User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria. | ||
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| Breaking Strength / Load | Breaking strength is the maximum tensile load or force that a rope, cord, webbing or fabric will hold before breaking. Breaking strength is multiplied by a safety factor to determine the actual operating or working load of the rope or textile product. | ||
| Search Logic: | User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria. | ||
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| Thermal Conductivity | Thermal conductivity is the linear heat transfer per unit area through a material for a given applied temperature gradient. Heat flux (h) = [thermal conductivity (k) ] x [temperature gradient (Δ T)] | ||
| Search Logic: | User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria. | ||
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| Electrical Resistivity | Resistivity is the longitudinal electrical resistance (ohm-cm) of a uniform rod of unit length and unit cross-sectional area. Resistivity is the inverse of conductivity. | ||
| Search Logic: | User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria. | ||
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Applications
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| Applications | |||
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| Aerospace | Aircraft, spacecraft, satellites, rockets and other aerospace structures are subjected to high loads and demanding environmental conditions. | ||
| Apparel / Clothing | Products are suitable for clothing, especially outer garments that protect individuals from extreme thermal, chemical or other damaging conditions. Textiles for protective clothing have additional, specialized properties to protect individuals from heat, chemicals, ballistics, etc. | ||
| Architectural / Construction | Fibers and textiles are used in construction and architectural applications as insulation, structural panels, etc. | ||
| Automotive / Transportation | Textile and fabric products are designed or suitable for automotive or transportation applications such as insulation from heat and noise, molded components, fuel and air filtration, etc. | ||
| Battery / Fuel Cell | There are many types of batteries and fuel cells, but all are based upon electrochemical principles. Textiles and fabrics are used to separate electrodes, or as electrode components. | ||
| Chemical Process | Fabrics and textiles are suitable for chemical processing applications due to their high temperature and/or corrosion resistance. | ||
| Electrical / Electronics | Fibrous ceramics or refractories are used to fabricate electrical parts such as insulators, igniters or heating elements. | ||
| Filtration | Porous materials are suitable for separating particulate matter from a fluid or gas stream. Products must be resistant to the fluid, gas or other media passing through the filter. The pore size determines the size of the particles that can be eliminated, as well as the flow rate through the filter. | ||
| Fire Proofing / Thermal Protection | Fabrics and textiles are designed to protect against fire by providing a heat barrier or non-combustible, refractory layer. Products are used to protect materials and people from high temperatures and debris resulting from welding processes. | ||
| HVAC | Materials are designed for the construction or insulation of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) components. | ||
| Industrial OEM | Products are designed or suitable for integration with components or products from original equipment manufacturers (OEM). | ||
| Cut Resistant / Bullet Proof | Products are designed to absorb mechanical energy in order to protect components, structures, people and products from severe impacts, explosions, bullets, cutting knifes, saw blades, projectiles, shrapnel or other dynamic releases of kinetic energy. Puncture and cut-resistant fabrics are used in protective clothing and armor systems. | ||
| Marine | Fabrics and textiles are used to construct composite ship hulls, structures and sails. They are also used as insulation, panels, air filtration devices and other components on commercial vessels. | ||
| Medical | Products are suitable for medical or healthcare applications such as wound care, surgical support, filtration, defoaming, patient positioning and cushioning support. | ||
| Other | Other unlisted, proprietary or specialty features. | ||
| Search Logic: | All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches. | ||
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Features
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| Performance Features | |||
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| Flame Retardant | Products reduce the spread of flames or resist ignition when exposed to high temperature, or insulate the substrate and delay damage. A UL 94 rating indicates that the material is flame retardant in accordance with Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. (UL) Flame Class 94V-0 or other equivalent ISO standards. | ||
| Chemical / Fuel Resistant | Materials are designed to resist damage caused by acids, alkalis, general chemicals, fuel and oils. These materials are used to seal fuel or oil tanks. | ||
| Electrical Insulation / Dielectric | Dielectric fibers, fabrics and textiles are electrically insulating. Dielectric materials are used to form a barrier or isolator between electrical or electronic components. | ||
| Electrically Conductive | Textiles or fabrics include fibers with high electrical conductivity or low electrical resistivity. Often, conductive filler is added to increase conductivity. Products are used in electronic, anti-static or electrostatic discharge (ESD) applications. | ||
| Hydrophilic / Absorbent | The surfaces of hydrophilic materials can be wet by water. They are often used when high absorbency (many times the basis weight of the material) is important. | ||
| Hydrophobic/Waterproof | Waterproof materials do not dissolve or degrade when exposed to water. The fabric may still absorb water if the product is hydrophilic and has open porosity. | ||
| Sound Proofing / Insulation | Sound proofing or acoustic insulation materials are used to form a barrier or isolator between components and sources of noise or vibration. This category includes foam material products used for diffusing sound without causing a large degree of attenuation. | ||
| Thermal Insulation / Fireproofing | Thermal insulation materials provide a barrier between a component and a heat source. | ||
| UL Approved / Listed | Materials meet applicable standards from Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. (UL). | ||
| Search Logic: | All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches. | ||
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| Structural Features | |||
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| Microfiber | Microfibers are extremely fine synthetic or natural fibers that can be incorporated into textiles to provide the texture and drape of natural-fiber cloth, but with enhanced washability, breathability, and water repellency. Fine fibers produce structures with much smaller pore sizes for superior filtration. | ||
| Blended Fiber Structure | Yarn, cloth or textile products are manufactured from a mixture of two or more different type of fibers. | ||
| Thermal Bond | Many fabrics can be strengthened by the addition of heat to fuse adjacent fibers. Often, pressure is applied to enhance the bond strength. | ||
| Chemical Bond/Binder Addition | Fabrics and textiles are made from chopped fiber and strengthened with the addition of a chemical binder (acrylic, polyvinyl alcohol, etc.), or by subjecting the material to a chemical (acid or solvent). | ||
| Coated / Sized | Products are coated, filled or sized fibers, strands, mats, cloth or fabric. | ||
| Search Logic: | All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches. | ||
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