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Shape / Form:

Hollow Stock / Shape?

Bond / Processing Features:

Length:

Width / O.D.:

Thickness / Wall Thickness:

Max Use Temperature:

MOR / Flexural Strength:

Compressive / Crushing Strength:

Applications:

Applications:

Help with Precast Concrete Products specifications:

Shape / Form 
   Shape / Form       
   Your choices are...         
   Block       Blocks are building materials or masonry units consisting of fired ceramic or cement materials with a regular shape. Blocks usually have a rectangular shape, although specialized shapes are used for paving, refractory, decorative and other specialized applications. Refractory or fireclay blocks are manufactured from temperature resistant materials.  Refractory blocks are stacked to form an insulating furnace, boiler, or other thermal process vessel wall.  The refractory blocks are usually cemented together with a refractory mortar. Blocks are similar to bricks but typically smaller in overall dimensions. 
   Fabricated / Custom Shape       Materials are fabricated in the form of a custom or application-specific shape such as a crucible, valve seat, blade, fired custom shaped brick or block, custom contoured tile, diffuser, furnace lining, degasser, and precast cement or concrete structural shape. The custom shape could be fabricated using pressing, slip casting, firing or sintering, melting, casting, cement form casting, and/or other processing methods. 
   Liner / Lining System       Cement-based liners or lining systems are much heavier, or are applied in thicker layers than cement coatings or thinsets. Liners can be prefabricated or applied on site by pouring or pumping into forms or through gunning techniques. 
   Plate / Board (e.g., Fiberboard)       Stock products are available in the form of a solid plate, slab, board, or substrate. The board or plate may consist of a ceramic fiberboard product, a dense sintered ceramic plate, or a precast cement bonded slab. 
   Tile       Tile consists of a flat, thin ceramic shape usually with beveled edges for lining or covering a surface. Tile may have square, rectangular, hexagonal, triangular, round or custom shapes.  Tiles often have a protective glaze to create a waterproof or water resistance surface.  Tile can be smooth and glossy for wall applications, or anti-slip textured with a matt finish for floor applications. 
   Other       Other specialized, proprietary or unlisted concrete, mortar or cement-based product types. 
   Search Logic:      All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches.
   Hollow Stock / Shape?       Materials are supplied or available as hollow tubes, pipes or other stock with an open internal bore. 
   Search Logic:      "Required" and "Must Not Have" criteria limit returned matches as specified. Products with optional attributes will be returned for either choice.
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Cement Type
   Bond / Processing Features:       
   Your choices are...         
   Calcium Aluminate Bond       Polycrystalline ceramics are aggregate-based refractories that use a calcium aluminate bond between individual grains or aggregates. 
   Carbon Bond       Carbon bonds are used in high temperature carbon-carbon composites. Carbon bonds are often created by converting an organic or resin binder to carbon using heat and a controlled atmosphere. Organic or polymer resin binders hold carbon, carbide, or other ceramics together until firing.  
   Portland Cement / CaSiO3 Bond       Portland cements, as well as some refractories, are based on calcium silicate. Calcium silicate (CaSiO3) refractories are usually derived from calcium silicate, calcium, or silicate bearing minerals such hornblende, epidote, and diopside, often with calcite or dolomite or wollastonite. Wollastonite is a naturally occurring form of calcium silicate that is commonly used as filler.   Portland cement, the fundamental ingredient in concrete, is calcium silicate cement made from a combination of calcium, silicon, aluminum, and iron oxide minerals. Clinker is a fused mineral mixture of limestone, shells or chalk and shale, clay, sand, or iron ore, which is crushed into a fine powder to manufacture Portland cements. Certain grades of cements may contain additions of fine aggregates of fumed silica, fly ash, or milled slag as well as chemical additives to improve strength, entrain air, reduce heat generation and cracking, or improve corrosion resistance to sulphates or other chemicals. 
   Phosphate       Magnesium phosphate cement is a rapid setting, early strength gain cement. It is usually used for special applications, such as repair of pavements and concrete structures or for resistance to certain aggressive chemicals. It does not contain Portland cement. 
   Slag Cement       Slag cement uses ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) to replace a portion of the Portland cement in a concrete mixture; this creates a more consistent mix. Slag cements fall under the category of blended hydraulic cements with two types: Type S-slag cement and Type I (SM)-slag modified Portland cement. The blast-furnace slag content of Type S is between 25 percent and 70 percent by mass. Type S contains at least 70 percent slag by mass. 
   Sulfate Bond       Sulfate-bond products are polycrystalline ceramics or aggregate-based refractories, cements or adhesives that use a sulfate or oxysulfate bond between individual grains or aggregates. 
   Sulfur Bond       Sulfur cement melts at temperatures between 113° C and 121° C. Sulfur concrete is maintained at temperatures around 130° C during mixing and placing. The material gains strength quickly as it cools, and is resistant to acids and aggressive chemicals. Sulfur cement does not contain Portland or hydraulic cement. 
   Polymer Modified       Portland cement is modified with polymer additions to improve plasticity, water resistance, or allow use during cold or freezing weather conditions. 
   Polymer Bond        Organic or polymer resin binders hold refractories together until firing. Some resins are designed to burn out while other will convert to carbon. Polymer cements, mortars, or concretes are used in corrosion protection applications such as linings or walls in chemical process plants. Polymer cements and mortars are used to bond corrosion resistant tile, brick, or other masonry components. Carbon bonds are used in high temperature carbon-carbon composites. 
   Acrylate       Acrylic binders are known for excellent environmental resistance and fast-setting time compared to other resin systems.  Polymerizing acrylic or methylacrylic acids through a reaction with a suitable catalyst makes acrylic binders. They cure through a free radical mechanism. While they are usually supplied in two-component form, they do not typically require mixing. The catalyst, accelerator, or hardener can be applied to one surface and the acrylic resin to the other surface.  These adhesives or sealants are called two-step systems. Sufficient diffusion will occur when the surfaces are adjoined to complete curing of the adhesive.  Acrylic binders are available in both of emulsion and solvent based versions. 
   Epoxy       Epoxy resins or binders exhibit high strength and low shrinkage during curing. Epoxies are known for their toughness and resistance to chemical and environmental damage. Most epoxies are two-part systems cured at room temperature. Some thermally cured or thermoset one-part epoxies are also available. Depending on the formulation, epoxy resins are used as potting agents, resin binders or laminating resins in fiberglass or composite construction, electrical conductors in microelectronic packaging, and various structural bonding applications. 
   Polyurethane       Polyurethane resins or binders provide excellent flexibility, impact resistance and durability. They are available in one or two-part adhesive systems. Polyurethanes are formed through the reaction of an isocyanate component with polyols or other active hydroxyl group compounds. Polyurethanes bond well to plastic surfaces and make an excellent flexible potting compound. Polyurethanes require a catalyst, heat, or air evaporation to initiate and complete curing.  Some disadvantages of polyurethanes are their short shelf life due to hydroscopic (water absorption) tendencies, and their generally slower cure combined with more complicated handling and curing procedures. 
   Vinyl Ester / Polyester       Resin binders are based on the vinyl ester or polyester system. 
   Other       Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary bond types. 
   Search Logic:      All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches.
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Dimensions
   Length       The length of a stock material such as a bar, rod, plate or tube.  
   Search Logic:      User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
   Width / O.D.       The width is the outer diameter (O.D.) of stock shapes such as bars, plates, and tubes; or of fabricated components such as crucibles. 
   Search Logic:      User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
   Thickness / Wall Thickness       The thickness of a stock form, tube wall, or other fabricated component. Stock forms include bars, rods, plates and tubes. 
   Search Logic:      User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
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Thermal & Mechanical
   Max Use Temperature       This is the maximum temperature that the refractory or ceramic material can be exposed to momentarily, without the degradation of structural or other required end-use properties. The maximum use temperature is usually equal to the melt temperature of the metal, glass, or other material contained by the refractory body in the furnace, boiler or process unit. The Curie point is the temperature above which a material loses its unique magnetic, dielectric or piezoelectric property. Ferrites or other magnetic materials lose their unique magnetic properties above the Curie temperature. The relative permeability drops to a value below 0.1 above the Curie temperature. Magnetic susceptibility is inversely proportional to temperature. 
   Search Logic:      User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
   MOR / Flexural Strength       Modulus of rupture (MOR), cross-break strength or flexural strength (3-point or 4-point) is the maximum flexural stress a bar can withstand before failure or fracture occurs. The bar is supported by two points beneath the bar and the load is applied by one or two points above the bar. Cross break strength is used to evaluate the strength of ceramics or other materials that do not provide sufficient plastic deformation to test tensile strength reliably.  
   Search Logic:      User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
   Compressive / Crushing Strength       The crushing or compressive strength is the maximum compressive load per unit cross section that a ceramic body can withstand before mechanical failure or breakage occurs.   
   Search Logic:      User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
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Applications
           
   Your choices are...         
   Flooring       Materials are suitable for flooring or floor-tiling applications. 
   Walls       Materials are suitable for use on walls. 
   Search Logic:      All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches.
   Applications:       
   Your choices are...         
   Foundry / Metal Processing       Materials are designed for foundry and metal-processing applications. Examples include ceramic and refractory crucibles, tubes, stoppers, liners, spouts, permanent molds, thermocouple protection tubes, combustion gas heater tubes, submersible heater tubes, die casting stalks/sleeves, and other furnace components are used in foundries for melting and casting aluminum, steel, copper alloys or other metals. 
   Refractory / High Temperature Materials       Refractory and high-temperature materials are hard, heat-resistant products such as alumina cement, fire clay, bricks, precast shapes, cement or monolithics, and ceramic kiln furniture. Ceramic refractories have high melting points and are suitable for applications requiring wear-resistance, high temperature strength, electrical or thermal insulation, or other specialized characteristics. 
   Structural       Structural applications require ceramic components with a suitable strength, elastic modulus, toughness, and other mechanical properties. Ceramics can have much higher compressive strengths and elastic moduli compared to metals. 
   Thermal Insulation / Fire Proofing       Thermally-insulating ceramics and refractories provide a thermal barrier between components and a hot or cold source. These ceramics and refractory shapes are also useful in providing flame protection and fire-proofing between a burner and the surrounding environment, or between combustion and oxygen sources. 
   Other       Other unlisted, specialized or proprietary applications. 
   Ceramics / Glass Manufacturing       Materials provide resistance to molten glass, or are compatible with ceramics and glasses during firing, calcining or fusing in a kiln or furnace. 
   Chemical / Materials Processing       Materials provide high temperature and/or corrosion resistance, making them suitable for chemical-processing applications.  Examples include ceramics or refractories with resistance to molten glass, ceramics, metals, plastics or other materials during milling, firing, calcination, fusion or other processes. 
   Construction & Building / Architectural       Materials are designed or suitable for use in architectural, building, and construction applications. Examples include bricks, fire bricks, or tiles.  
   Search Logic:      All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches.
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MINTEQ® International Inc, Pyrogenics Group
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