Hydraulic Oils and Transmission Fluids Specifications

Help with Hydraulic Oils and Transmission Fluids specifications:

Types & Triggers

	Type / Function:
	Your choices are...
	Hydraulic Oil / Fluid		Oils or fluids are designed for hydraulic applications. Hydraulic fluid transmits the power or pressure generated in a pump through hydraulic lines to a cylinder or actuator.
	Transmission / Drive Fluid		Oils or fluids are designed for power transmission or final drive applications.
	Specialty Oil / Fluid		Other specialty, proprietary, or unlisted types or functions.
	Search Logic:		All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches.
	Lubricating?		In addition to transmitting power, the fluid or oil is designed to reduce friction, binding, or wear; exclude water; or provide other specialized characteristics on the internal surface of the drive, power transmission, or hydraulic device.
	Search Logic:		"Required" and "Must Not Have" criteria limit returned matches as specified. Products with optional attributes will be returned for either choice.
	Low / Non-foaming?		Fluids do not produce foam or produce only small amounts of foam. Non-foaming characteristics are achieved through the use of additives that break-out entrained air. Leaks can introduce air into systems for circulating hydraulic fluid, thermal oil, or grinding coolant. Entrained air can cause pump damage due to cavitation. Foaming can also reduce the cooling ability and the bulk modulus (or stiffness) of the fluid.
	Search Logic:		"Required" and "Must Not Have" criteria limit returned matches as specified. Products with optional attributes will be returned for either choice.

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Composition / Chemistry

	Your choices are...
	Straight Oil (Non-soluble)		Straight oils are non-emulsifiable and used in machining operations in an undiluted form. They are composed of base mineral or petroleum oils and often contain polar lubricants such as fats, vegetable oils and esters as well as extreme pressure additives such as chlorine, sulfur and phosphorus. Straight oils provide the best lubrication and the poorest cooling characteristics among cutting fluids.
	Petroleum / Mineral Oil		Products contain petroleum or mineral oil constituents such as fluids and greases. Straight oils are mineral or petroleum oils that do not have added water.
	Water Soluble / Emulsion		Water-soluble and emulsion fluids have a high dilution or very low concentration and include high water content fluids (HWCF). Soluble oil fluids form an emulsion when mixed with water. The concentrate consists of a base mineral oil and emulsifiers to help produce a stable emulsion. They are used in a diluted form with concentrations ranging from 3% to 10%. They provide good lubrication and heat transfer performance. They are used widely in industry and are the least expensive among all cutting fluids. Water-soluble fluids are used as water-in-oil emulsions or oil-water-emulsions.  Water-in-oil emulsions have a continuous phase of oil and superior lubricating and friction reduction qualities (i.e., metal forming and drawing). Oil-in-water emulsions consist of droplets of oil in a continuous water phase and have better cooling characteristics (i.e., metal cutting fluids and grinding coolants).
	Synthetic		Fluids or greases are based on synthetic compounds such as silicone, polyglycol, esters, diesters, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and mixtures of synthetic fluids and water.  Synthetic fluids tend to have the highest fire resistance and cost.  Synthetic fluids contain no petroleum or mineral oil base, but are instead formulated from alkaline organic and inorganic compounds along with additives for corrosion inhibition. They are generally used in a diluted form with concentrations ranging from 3% to 10%. Synthetic fluids often provide the best cooling performance among all cutting fluids. Semi-synthetic fluids are essentially combination of synthetic and soluble petroleum or mineral oil fluids.  The characteristics, cost and heat transfer performance of semi-synthetic fluids fall between those of synthetic and soluble oil fluids. Some synthetics such as phosphate esters react or dissolve paint, pipe thread compounds and electrical insulation.
	Polyglycol / Water-Glycol		Polyglycol, glycol and water-glycol fluids are synthetics often used for anti-freeze circulating coolant and high water content fluid (HWCF) hydraulic applications. Water-glycol solutions tend to have higher viscosity index values than other compositions.  Zinc, cadmium and magnesium react with water-glycol solutions and should not be used in fluid or coolant systems that contain water-glycol fluids.
	Ester / Diester		Fluids are based upon phosphate ester, dibasic ester, polyol ester, and silicate ester or diester compounds. Phosphate esters and other synthetic fluids tend to have the highest fire resistance and cost.  They are generally used in a diluted form with concentrations from 3% to 10%. Synthetic fluids often provide the best cooling performance among all cutting fluids. Semi-synthetic fluids are combinations of synthetic and soluble petroleum or mineral oil fluids. The characteristics, cost, and heat transfer performance of semi-synthetic fluids falls between those of synthetic and soluble oil fluids. Some synthetics such as phosphate esters react or dissolve paint, pipe thread compounds and electrical insulation.
	Natural (Vegetable Oil / Animal Fat)		Fluids, lubricants or greases are based on natural vegetable or plant oils or animal fats. Vegetable and plant-based products such as soybean oils are a renewable resource and an attractive alternative to mineral oils and synthetic fluids. Some natural oils pose fewer risks to workers and have a reduced environmental impact.
	Specialty / Other		Other unlisted or specialized chemistry.
	Search Logic:		All products with ANY of the selected attributes will be returned as matches. Leaving all boxes unchecked will not limit the search criteria for this question; products with all attribute options will be returned as matches.

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Properties

	Kinematic Viscosity:		Kinematic viscosity is the time required for a fixed amount of fluid or oil to flow through a capillary tube under the force of gravity.  Units of kinematic viscosity are stoke, centistoke (1/100 of a stoke), and Saybolt Universal Seconds (SUS). Saybolt Universal Seconds or Saybolt Universal Viscosity (SUV) is the time in seconds required for 60 cubic centimeters of a fluid to flow through the orifice of the standard Saybolt universal viscometer at a given temperature under specified conditions, usually per ASTM D 88.   Kinematic viscosity is also described as the quotient of the absolute viscosity in centipoises divided by the specific gravity of a fluid where both are measured at the same temperature.
	Search Logic:		User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
	Operating / Use Temperature:		The operating temperature range for the fluid, oil, grease, or lubricant.
	Search Logic:		User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
	Viscosity Index:		The viscosity index scale describes the change in viscosity with temperature. The scale measures the viscosity stability at two temperature extremes, 210° F (98.9° C) and 100° F (37.8° C).  When the scale was originally developed in 1929, Pennsylvania crude paraffin fraction had the highest value (VI = 100) and a coastal crude naphtha fraction had the lowest viscosity (V = 0). Modern oils and fluids have VI values that exceed 100.
	Search Logic:		User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.

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