Chapter 5.2.6.1 - Low-Temperature Baseboard Heaters

Lower-temperature panels are designed for wall surface mounting, including flat low-
temperature baseboard panels (Fig. 2.19). Low-temperature panels are bounded by
temperature limits that permit casual touching. The flat-panel surface area must be

large due to the lower watt capacity of touchable wall or baseboard heaters. The
larger surface area required by the low watt capacity of wall heaters distinguishes
them from housing- or grill-protected common convection baseboard and reflector
wall heaters.

Low-temperature flat-wall baseboard panels are available in many different
dimensional configurations in order to meet the wattage required for the specified
application. Safety surface temperature limits constrict wattage output to a range of
approximately 15 to 75 W/ft² of panel radiating surface.The wattage output in relation
to appropriate installation space defines whether the system capacity is adequate
to provide primary or supplemental heat. The wattage capacity required is
commonly 15 to 25 percent less than for traditional baseboard convectors.

Some enclosed baseboard wall heat panels are insulated, but most are uninsulated.
When used for primary heating, low-temperature baseboard radiant panels
may require all available perimeter baseboard space in order to provide the wattage
required for the heat loss. Both discrete and electrically interlocking designs are used
for enclosed radiant panel baseboard installation. Control is commonly achieved by
installation of wall thermostats. As with any baseboard heating system, heating radiant
efficiency is compromised by obstructions.The surrounding area should be open
to the space being heated.