Unlike electrical wires, optical fibers require end-surface treatment for proper light propagation. The two most common ways of surface preparations are cleaving and polishing. While fiber cleavage is very effective on fibers with small diameters such as 125 microns, polishing is essential for almost all glass-based fibers with cladding diameters larger than 200 microns. Furthermore, all fiber connectors require polishing. We will focus our discussion on glass-based fiber polishing in this tutorial since plastic optical fibers (POF) can be cut with special blades at elevated temperatures with satisfactory results.