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Squareness or perpendicularity is a measure of variation of the part's surface from a 90° angle to the reference surface. Squareness can be measured by determining the deviation of the part's surface from two enclosing reference planes that are 90° to a reference plane or datum axis. Angularity can be measured by determining the deviation of the part's surface from two enclosing reference planes that are a particular angle to a reference plane or datum axis. Angle gages, angle gage blocks, squares, and protractors are used to assess angles or squareness, but not with the same degree of accuracy as form metrology equipment. Products & Services
Form gages and form gaging systems are used to inspect parameters such as roundness, angularity, squareness, straightness, flatness, runout, taper and concentricity.
Surface metrology equipment is used to measure the surface finish and/or geometry of engineering components. Surface texture and topology characteristics include surface roughness, contour, form, waviness and defects.
Protractors and angle gages measure the angle between two surfaces of a part or assembly.
Squares are used to indicate, by visual comparison, whether two surfaces are perpendicular. Most products consist of a simple, fixed standard and a beam and blade with a mutual orientation of 90 degrees.
Levels are mechanical or electronic tools that measure the inclination of a surface relative to the earth's surface.
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Topics of Interest
Flatness places all of the points on a part's surface within a single plane. Flatness is often quantified by comparing a part's surface to a reference plane or optical flat. Typically, a least-squares...
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Coaxiality of a cylinder is a measured of one axis to another axis. There are two different, established methods for determining the coaxiality of a cylinder: DIN Standard and ISO. Deutsches Institut...
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Straightness places all of the points of an edge or feature within a single line. If a line or surface feature of a part is equidistant to a reference line, then the part feature is straight. The...
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Runout is measured by determining the radial difference between two concentric reference circles drawn to just enclose the profile of the part or cylindrical surface under evaluation. The inner...
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Roundness measurements are used to evaluate and control the quality of shafts, bearings, cylinders or other precision components. Roundness variations or out-of-roundness are measured by determining...
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