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Return Loss Measurements

From North Hills Signal Processing
 

 

"Return Loss" is a convenient way to express the magnitude of an impedance.In communication circuits the object is to insure maximum power transfer from a generator to a load. This occurs when the load matches the internal impedance of the generator, i.e. Z = RS. The degree of mismatch or power loss is then best described by relating load impedance Z to generator impedance RS.

As shown in Fig.1, we may represent load impedance Z by an equivalent circuit consisting of a generator Er in series with an impedance RS equal to the internal impedance of primary generator E0. Generator Er creates "negative" or "reflected" power that subtracts from the "incident" power supplied by primary generator E0, thereby reducing the power delivered to the load. The "negative" power is zero when the circuit is matched, and rises with increasing mismatch.
The ratio of the generator output voltages, Er / E0, is known as the "reflection factor,"?, " and, when expressed in dB, as the "return loss,"

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