Technical Articles
A.H. Systems Inc. has published these technical articles:
(Electrical and Electronic Test Equipment)
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Given consumer and corporate trends, products of all types are increasingly likely to incorporate electronics in the form of processors, memory chips, and various types of wireless communications. Any...
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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This paper aims to educate those new to the concepts of antenna field regions and help readers to understand the calculations involved in determining the boundaries between the various regions....
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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Selecting the right antenna for a situation can sometimes seem confusing when considering all the necessary criteria. Frequency is a paramount consideration and often the starting point for a design....
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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In order to help better identify signals of interest from ambient signals that might already be in the area, we have included a table of VHF, UHF, and FM frequencies, as a companion to our TDS-536 TV...
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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This tool will calculate the maximum coverage that the antenna will cover from a specified distance and antenna's half-power beamwidth....
(Calibration and Testing Services)
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An antenna calibration is a verification of performance and the measurement of the antennas properties. Much of the success or failure of EMC test depends on the performance of a calibrated antenna....
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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Antenna Factor (or correction factor) is defined as the ratio of the incident Electromagnetic Field to the output voltage from the antenna and the output connector....
(Calibration and Testing Services)
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In recent years, the use of a term call "Antenna Factor" in EMC and spectrum pollution work has become very important. There has been a great need for measuring field intensity and/or power density as...
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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Article explaining an antenna's antenna factor...
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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Summary: Two standard methods for field-strength measurement are described. The standard-antenna method consists of measuring the received power or open-circuit voltage developed in a standard...
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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Antenna Terms and Definitions...
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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There are many different conducted susceptibility test procedures, below is an example of bulk current injection (BCI) testing. Other specifications on bulk current injection and susceptibility...
(Calibration and Testing Services)
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The Biconical Antenna is considered a standard workhorse for every compliance test lab. Used in a variety of applications such as radiated emissions, immunity and shielding effectiveness testing; this...
(Electrical and Electronic Test Equipment)
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How to choose the correct EMC test antenna based upon the requirements of the standard. A simple guide to determining the correct choice of antenna to match the test required....
(Calibration Instruments, Standards and Reference Sources)
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Antenna: An antenna is a device that transmits and/or receives electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves are often referred to as radio waves. Most antennas are resonant devices, which operate...
(Electrical and Electromagnetic Sensing)
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Fixing faults in EMC test set-ups, especially those in test chambers, can tie test-staff down for an inordinate amount of time. These articles and video show you how to identify and fix them....
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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Almost every RF test setup requires connectors and cables. Connectors will influence test results in various and sometimes unpredictable ways. Test equipment can compensate for some of these...
(Calibration Instruments, Standards and Reference Sources)
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Conversion link - dBm is defined as power ratio in decibel (dB) referenced to one milliwatt (mW). It is an abbreviation for dB with respect to 1 mW and the "m" in dBm stands for milliwatt....
(Calibration Instruments, Standards and Reference Sources)
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Below is a calculation tool to help determining the actual field intensity or power density at a given distance...
(Calibration Instruments, Standards and Reference Sources)
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This frequency to wavelength calculator is especially useful for the calculation of the element length of the dipole antennas....
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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IEEE Standard 521-2002:Standard Radar Frequency Letter-Band Nomenclature
ITU radio bands - Article 2, provision No. 2.1:Frequency Letter-Band Nomenclature
Other Band Designations:common frequency band...
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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What is an Antenna's "Antenna Factor"?
An antenna's antenna factor (AF) is a comparison between the field level presented to the antenna and the actual voltage produced by the antenna at it's...
(Calibration Instruments, Standards and Reference Sources)
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Here is our easy to use conversion tables for common magnetic field measurement units. With magnetic field testing sometimes it becomes necessary to convert from one unit of measure to another. This...
(Calibration and Testing Services)
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There are a number of ways that mistakes with preamps in test configurations can lead to misleading or incorrect readings or even damaged equipment and unnecessary costs. With some attention and...
(Calibration and Testing Services)
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This test procedure describes how the small signal performance data of an amplifier is gathered and checked against previously recorded data. This is a fault finding step that establishes the health...
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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Understanding key antenna parameters is essential for selecting and using antennas in virtually all applications. These applications include antenna testing, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC),...
(Calibration and Testing Services)
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One of the most common EMC test types is the radiated emissions test. Radiated emissions testing is the measurement of the electromagnetic field of the emissions that are unintentionally being...
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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While it is not necessary before each test, these maintenance measures go a long way. Not only will they keep critical features in working order, they can also help protect and extend the life of your...
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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Testing products for susceptibility to radiated fields above 1 GHz is on the horizon. The new medical standard now stipulates testing to 2.5 GHz, and this upper frequency may be adopted in the coming...
(Calibration and Testing Services)
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Test Guide - Embedded digital processing chips are in virtually everything these days: cell phones, kitchen appliances, manufacturing equipment, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems - even...
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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Antenna beamwidth determines the expected signal strength given the direction and radiation distance of an antenna. The beamwidth will vary given a number of different factors such as the antenna...
(Calibration and Testing Services)
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Overview: Half wave dipole antennas are typically used for site attenuation measurments, shielding effectivness and as a gain reference antenna. They are the simplest and widely used class of...
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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The constant in the above equation is derived as follows. Power is related to voltage according to Ohm's law. The Log10 function is used for relative (dB) scales, so applying the logarithmic function...
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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How Does Antenna Gain Work?...
(Calibration Instruments, Standards and Reference Sources)
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Typical EMC Related Formulas...
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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Voltage Standing Wave Ratio - Is the ratio of the maximum to minimum amplitude (or the voltage or current) of the corresponding field components appearing on a line that feeds an antenna. Here is an...
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
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Voltage Standing Wave Ratio - Is the ratio of the maximum to minimum amplitude (or the voltage or current) of the corresponding field components appearing on a line that feeds an antenna....
(RF, Microwave, and Wireless Components)
From this Article:
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio - Is the ratio of the maximum to minimum amplitude (or the voltage or current) of the corresponding field components appearing on a line that feeds an antenna. VSWR Cheat...