Technical Articles

Teledyne FLIR has published these technical articles:

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The measurement of temperature variation along the surface of the body provided by infrared imaging (IR) is becoming a valuable auxiliary tool for the early detection of many diseases in medicine....
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For the owners and managers of large institutional, commercial and industrial buildings, the potential cost of roof repairs and eventual roof replacement is a major capital expense. To allow for the...
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A critical satellite processing facility that Space Coast Launch Services is contracted to maintain had an issue with the hot water feeding the HVAC environmental control. The predictive maintenance...
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The detection and tracking of thermal infrared targets is usually associated with the military. However, there are a number of interesting applications in the civilian sector. We detail a digital...
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This paper will highlight some of the electrical safety issues that have been addressed by NFPA 70E and the effect that the rules have on the day-to-day infrared thermographer. When professionals...
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There are many cases where the accepted severity criteria must be questioned. Severity Criteria as we know them today were created from the experience and expertise of the industry experts. My...
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Wide areas and large objects are often most efficiently and effectively infrared (IR) imaged from high above. The main challenge of aerial IR is to maintain the spatial resolution and thermal...
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Technology miniaturization has enabled significant advancements in high-voltage electrical surveying. A solar-blind ultraviolet image can be overlaid onto infrared or a solar-blind ultraviolet image...
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Recent watershed concerns in the Pacific Northwest have necessitated studies by a range of agencies such as the Department of Environmental Quality, United States Forest Service, Department of Fish...
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This paper will discuss the application of aerial thermography surveying on a transmission electrical system, and new applications involving insulator failure detection and new research in wood arm...
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An airborne gas detection infrared (IR) system which includes a laser, infrared imager, and video-recorder is described in this paper. The sensitivity of the system to leaks from ground pipelines by...
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Infrared thermography has proven to be a successful non-destructive method of inspection in many applications, from electrical, mechanical, and medical to military and building applications. While...
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Reported problems with recently constructed buildings exposed to severe climatic conditions led to a legal case regarding the performance of the heating systems and the buildings. The buildings were...
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The word "tornado" conjures up different things in the minds of individuals. Some are fascinated by the spectacle of a tornado shredding ground objects; others are terrified when the radio says that...
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The phrase high-speed imaging is generally associated with short exposure times, fast frame rates, or both. Supersonic projectiles, for example, are often impossible to see with the unaided eye and...
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Downtime at Computer Centers is not an option! The equipment is expensive and even more important, the downtime created by a failure can be extremely costly - much more than the average office...
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One of the most common and costly problems in the paving industry is segregation of hot mix asphalt (HMA). This problem can occur for many reasons (e.g., improper truck loading) and at many locations...
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FLIR infrared, radiometric thermal imagery was applied as a valuable tool in the qualifying and diagnosis of injury and/or health, in zoo animals at the Alaska Zoo in Anchorage, Alaska. Working in...
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Thermography has been used in pavement engineering for quality control of asphalt paving operations, during initial application for the most part. This paper however, focuses on evaluation of existing...
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Unsafe electronics are not an option! In this paper you will see how infrared thermal imaging, when used in conjunction with Hazard Based Safety Engineering (HBSE), can provide a more efficient means...
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Wastage or thinning of a metal hull on a boat is problematic. Often the thinning is due to a phenomenon known as electrochemical or galvanic corrosion. One area prone to metal wastage on an aluminum...
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Audio gauging or ultrasonic thickness (UT) measurements are a common non-destructive testing method employed to determine the thickness of the metal and extent of corrosion based on the known original...
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Marine surveyors are to the marine industry as building and home inspectors are to the commercial and residential real estate industry. A marine surveyor's opinions are relied upon to document the...
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This paper reports on research used to evaluate the application of infrared thermography for the detection of asphalt cracking, which in the past, has generally relied on images produced by analog and...
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Automated IR Imaging has the capability to improve many industrial tasks such as process monitoring and control, predictive maintenance, and quality control. This paper will help identify potential...
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This paper is in response to the many calls received from clients experiencing problems with buildings that are inexplicably hard to heat, have moisture problems and/or have mold or other indoor air...
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The first and most important condition for this calculation is the 'apparent' temperature of the energy lost calculation. Many different building materials are used in the construction of structures...
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Excess ergonomic, or physical and physiological stress, plays an important part of our lives. Stresses of vibration, work place discomfort and strenuous labor can affect our long term health and our...
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In infrared thermal imaging, the temperatures are computed from the measured IR radiation according to Planck's law, modified by corrections due to the camera (detector response, transmission of...
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This paper shows the main results of the application of infrared thermography to assist in research and quality control at automotive company laboratories. The effect of little differences in the...
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Insurance companies have traditionally focused on controlling the impact of property losses by using fire protection systems to minimize the amount of a loss if it happens. But rarely do insurance...
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In the past 10 years, there has been a consistent growth within the medical thermal imaging industry. While rewarding, the progression has not met peer group compliance standards and remains...
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In the field of predictive maintenance, complacency will control if left unchecked. We see things as we always have instead of how they could be. Communication is essential to overcoming this pitfall....
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A certain class of building defects continues to plague the construction industry, despite a variety of defensive techniques put in place to prevent them. The defects occur when a nail or screw comes...
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Using a thermographic camera we verified that there was stratification of temperature in the core dryer outlet tube. We decided to run an R.P.M. test to see if it would change the outlet temperature...
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Recently, a thermal investigation of a chemical fiber manufacturing building revealed a large number of energy leaks, both large and small, in the heating system [1]. This led the company to take...
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There is a need to find perforations in metallic enclosures, and these structures are composed of low emissivity surfaces. Business or government entities that perform quality assurance or compliance...
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Often normally non-current carrying conductors, conduits, or even structural members contain circulating currents that are induced by currents flowing in adjacent conductors such as cable or bus....
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The world's petrochemical industry is constantly seeking methods for the detection of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC's) such as benzene, propane and methane. Leaks of such materials all too often...
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The purpose of this study is to construct the Korean Industrial Standard (KS), which is an evaluation method for building insulation performance using an Infrared camera. The goal of this study was 1)...
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For this exercise, we applied the methods of vibration diagnosis and infrared thermography to multi-belt dryer technologies that are capable of drying horticultural products. Under service operation...
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The cost of doing business today has risen to the point that commercial accounts, large and small, have started looking to energy conservation as a means of cost savings. Requests for environmental...
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I have implemented an infrared predictive maintenance (PdM) program at my employer, RR Donnelley. As part of the implementation, I have to cost-justify the program and its findings, so I developed two...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
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This presentation will focus on the need to test the information gathered by an IR scan before simply trusting what you see. Frequently, while doing a moisture remediation scan, walls will be within...
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This study uses high resolution video thermography to demonstrate an underlying mechanism that contributes to the overall thermal signature of the skin. This mechanism is the opening and closing of...
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It is well known that thermal imagery is dynamic and sensitive to the physiological processes in the body, with heat transfer from physiological processes affecting the surface temperature of the...
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This paper will review electric motor diagnostic applications, including motor circuit analysis and motor current signature analysis. In particular, the paper will focus on how the data is used, what...
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The loading of a transmission line involves many variables, from which the following deserve to be highlighted: Climatic conditions - wind, environment temperature, humidity, pollution; Conductor line...
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There has been little discussion about infrared ("IR") thermography's ability to determine the temperatures of heating liquids and gas within piping assemblies. Determining accurate emissivity values...
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This paper will review and discuss the determination of the emissivity of common construction materials to aid the investigator during infrared inspections/surveys of building envelope systems....
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In East Germany, there are many old factory buildings which were built in an era where thermally insulating buildings and equipment was not regarded as particularly important. Meanwhile, rising energy...
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Coatings on high-temperature exhaust manifolds and headers have been shown to increase engine performance in some racing applications. Are all coatings equal? What is the effect of having this...
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We have long known that there are thermal differences between cave entrances and the surrounding landscape. Speleologists traditionally ridge walked in cave-likely temperate regions in cold mid-winter...
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Thermography is an important facilities maintenance tool that helps reduce unplanned downtime. Since the incorporation of thermal scans into our preventive maintenance program, we have saved tens of...
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Many medical devices utilize some form of energy in order to treat or remove diseased tissue. Thermal imaging can be a useful tool during product development where an understanding of how these...
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In September of 2006, the Central Kitchen for Puyallup School District (henceforth, PSD), in Puyallup, Washington experienced a heaving failure with a concrete freezer slab. The slab had risen to a...
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You've heard about infrared, or you may have even seen some famous movie with an alien that you can't hide from. You may have even wondered how you can have the ability to see what human anatomy did...
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Researchers at the University of Hartford and Diagnostic Devices Inc. have developed a new, non-invasive full body scan procedure using FLIR sensors and cameras to detect structural anomalies in the...
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In the past twenty years, applications for medical thermography have begun to enjoy greater acceptance. While thermal imaging is a known tool for the differential diagnosis in musculo-skeletal...
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Evaluation of multispectral satellite LANDSAT 7 (ETM+) data for detection of geothermal phenomena connected with distinguished geological structures like salt domes, is the main subject of the study....
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This presentation highlights what I have seen in the industry and in certain training classes with regards to residential electrical safety. Electrical Safety on most residential electrical inspection...
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We have seen, in the past few years, articles about the benefits of infrared in our homes. Heat loss is on everyone's mind because of the rising cost of fuel and electricity. IR can trace these losses...
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An infrared camera is a non-contact device that detects infrared energy (heat) and converts it into an electronic signal, which is then processed to produce a thermal image on a video monitor and...
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This paper will provide an overview of how the annual thermographic survey program is carried out on substation equipment by ABB for Transpower, beginning with the planning process, through carrying...
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Seal pups are often born and reared in inaccessible sea caves and coves. Current location and counting techniques involve putting personnel into the sea to swim into these caves and beaches. Rough...
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Thermal reflections are a common source of problems in interpreting infrared (IR) thermal images. In particular, atomically smooth surfaces like glass, metals, or wet surfaces, and also brick and...
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While performing an IR scan of substation cable spaces, a thermographer detected an anomaly in the imager display. The problem was most obvious when the imager was near the neutral inductors and...
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Process industries in the core sector, such as refineries, depend upon reliable electrical power supplies for their uninterrupted operation. The overheating of switchgear equipment continues to be a...
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A reliable, highly informative, non contact method is still in being sought to observe the quality distribution of orchard sprayers for in-field applications. Quality distribution of pesticide spray...
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For most practical applications of thermography, gases like air are just the media through which an object's infrared radiation must propagate before it is detected. For any quantitative analysis, the...
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The surface temperature of objects is strongly influenced by air flow around them. This is due to the dependence of the heat flow between the object surface and the surrounding air on the flow...
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This paper will review and discuss the benefits of infrared thermography as its technology applies to the investigations and inspections of various in-floor (interior) and concrete slab (interior and...
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In 1997, the National Science Foundation (NSF) began construction of a new 80,000 square feet station at the geographic South Pole in Antarctica. As this $150 million project nears completion, there...
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In this paper we show some of the varied applications of infrared technology as used at the General Motors Powertrain Engine Facility in Romulus, Michigan. Emphasis will be on predictive maintenance...
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As the cost of producing energy continues to escalate for energy providers and consumers alike, measures to ensure the most efficient use of that energy are becoming mandatory. Mobile and modular...
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At the 2004 InfraMation conference, you saw video footage of a breaching great white shark in South Africa. Now our presenter is back from South Africa to show 'burst infrared recordings' using a FLIR...
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Focus on energy efficiency has increased dramatically in recent years, encouraged by regulations such as Part L of the UK Building Regulations and the EU Energy Performance of Buildings Directive. A...
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This paper will review and discuss the benefits of infrared thermography as its technology applies to the investigation and inspection of log home construction. Specifically, this paper will discuss...
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Mr. Allinson teamed with Mr. Neil Hammerschlag of ReefQuest Expeditions for this year's first winter expedition (1-14 June 2004) to Seal Island in False Bay, South Africa. Key to the ReefQuest...
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Scientifically proven adverse health effects of cigarette smoking include increased risks for lung and bronchial cancer and raised LDL (bad) cholesterol blood values. Plus, smoking also increases...
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Infrared (IR) thermography is one of the most valuable diagnostic tools for predictive maintenance. It is a cost effective solution available in varying capabilities, depending on how many...
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There has existed in the past a misunderstanding that infrared (IR) thermography could be performed without the benefit of removing panel and/or dead front covers on electrical apparatus. This would...
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In November 2004, NASA's Space Shuttle Program approved the development of the Extravehicular (EVA) Infrared (IR) Camera to test the application of infrared thermography to on-orbit reinforced...
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When we think of any commercial industry today we automatically think of the down sizing that has occurred, and is still in process. In order to stay competitive, companies need to run their business...
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The utilization of infrared thermography is the ultimate solution. The addition of this tool to a diagnostic equipment inventory provides valuable assistance during Inspections and Preliminary...
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Thermal imaging devices have many uses across a wide spectrum of industries. Using infrared thermography to address, assess and remediate water damage claims is one of the most effective ways to...
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The Savannah River Site (SRS) is a Department of Energy (DOE), government-owned, company-operated (GOCO) industrial complex built in the 1950s to produce materials used in nuclear weapons. Five...
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Bovine mastitis infections cost the U.S. dairy industry at least $2 billion annually. This common affliction is difficult to treat and its impacts include reduced milk quality resulting in lower milk...
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Our goals for thermography are straightforward, try to avert unscheduled downtime and save a lot of money. Thermography is an efficient tool for these purposes as well as for other tasks like tracking...
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Burlington Resources uses infrared thermography to inspect electrical connections throughout their process gas plant for predictive maintenance, greatly reducing plant downtime and unscheduled...
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The City of Colton is currently using infrared (IR) scanning as a benchmark for a predictive maintenance implementation for a gas-fired turbine power generation facility. IR scanning was not part of...
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Destructive testing can be time-consuming, expensive and highly disruptive. However, it is usually an important component of forensic and consulting investigations. Water intrusion and other hidden...
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Saturating rains are ideal to challenge the building envelope, with Brick Veneer; it can rain up to and including the time of survey. The most important reason why this is fine is because we can not...
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Nearly all arc flash incidents occur when someone is working with live switchgear covers removed. However, using infrared viewing windows as a part of your IR inspection program eliminates the risks...
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One of the major problems in older petrochemical plants is the condition of aged pipelines. A project is under development to use thermal infrared imagery, combined with eddy current methods and...
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Is there such a thing as an "Insignificant Component" in a power plant? By looking at the "big picture" during an Infrared inspection a catastrophic failure of a power panel was averted. Predictive...
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The natural gas fired furnace is a key component in our process lines. Our two vertical furnaces operate at an internal temperature of 2100° F. These furnaces are used to heat a five foot wide ribbon...
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Most of the ancient structures in India aren't inspected to assess their condition or plan proper repair and conservation schemes due to paucity of funds. These structures are usually in brick or...
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To avoid skin damage due to sun exposure, it is a good idea to protect the body from UV radiation with sunblock or sunscreen. Such products reduce the amount of UV radiation able to reach skin tissue...
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In an attempt to duplicate the findings at Ocean Road, an infrared inspection was performed on a 115/4.160KV transformer at one of our generating facilities. There are two station service transformers...
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Tri-State G & T Association provides electricity to its 44 electric co-ops owners. They, in turn, service more than 500,000 meters representing over 1.5 million customers. Our department's infrared...
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This paper describes the application of a FLIR Systems A40M infrared (IR) digital camera for thermal monitoring of a Liquid Oxygen (LOX) and Ethanol bi-propellant Reaction Control Engine (RCE) during...
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Surface thermal anomalies will be caused by structural and moisture conditions. In warm season conditions, the exterior wall can be expected to be warmer than the interior. The following discussion is...
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When all safety procedures are followed, coal mining is a very safe industry. Infrared testing is used to monitor the direct current trolley systems that power transportation vehicles. The trolley...
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When working in the field, an IR Technician often needs to quickly analyze his surroundings to determine the severity and safety of the issue being analyzed. Once an infrared image has been gathered,...
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On January 26, 2007, maintenance staff at New Jersey International and Bulk Mail Center (NJI&BMC) located in Jersey City, NJ, confirmed that retrofitting existing air-curtains successfully resolved...
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In September 2002, a maintenance supervisor noticed that the compressed air system pressure was lower as compared to previous monthly readings. Considering our 24/7 mail processing operation and time...
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Sophisticated hydraulic system troubleshooting is a very complicated process and requires a lot of expertise and experience using very sophisticated technology. Most of the problems found in hydraulic...
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Microwave ovens, a part of our everyday lives, are based on various aspects of physics. The most common household use is the heating of food of course, but industrial microwave ovens are also used to...
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While fluoride-type IR windows are inexpensive and have good transmittance in the mid-wave IR band (3 to 5 micrometers), their transmittance drops rapidly in the long wave IR band (8 to 12...
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In today's infrared community, we talk a great deal about "What is safe?" when it comes to electrical equipment and internal-arc flash. Thermographers generally assume that with the covers and doors...
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We all know there can be potential problems with insulation covering pipes. The insulation can become water logged or contaminated with other substances, which lessens its ability to insulate. The...
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It is a good idea to take both visible and thermal IR images. Geometric resolution is unbalanced, and each image is sensitive to a different range of the electromagnetic spectrum. To acquire a visible...
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Hand-held mobile phones emit electromagnetic radiation and can therefore cause local heating of biological tissues, e.g., in the regions of the human head normally covered by these phones. The goal of...
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There are many applications where thermal thermography is really helpful, for instance: Determination of external surface temperatures in the building, which will allow for the analysis of heat...
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This paper discusses this problem in a general context by applying the simplest approach, which uses the transmittance spectra of the respective windows. A simplified model will be presented, which...
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With the advent of thermography, the days when companies had to rely on a vibration-based maintenance program alone to protect equipment are gone. Today's modern PdM program employs an integrated...
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Many thermographers are employed by large corporations or government-owned organizations, thus they already have an inspection market and don't need to promote and create an ongoing scanning business....
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There are several reasons why the current breast cancer detection and treatment system in place in the United States is failing in its ability to serve all women in a way that is non-injurious and...
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Arc Flash can severely burn or kill anyone exposed to it. According to the NFPA, arc flash is 'a dangerous condition associated with the release of energy caused by an electric arc.' OSHA is working...
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With the onset of a predictive maintenance program using infrared thermography to track temperature, downtime has been prevented due to failure of blast furnace upper assemblies, enabling management...
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In this paper we present evaluation cases of surge arrester operational conditions, through thermographic inspections, criteria applied in the field, and analysis carried out in units removed from...
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Modeling the thermal responses that occur when the hand makes contact with an object is essential for developing thermal feedback systems for haptic displays. When evaluating a thermal model from a...
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Detecting levels, solids, and interfaces in tanks and vessels is usually just a trial-and-error technique. The biggest problem is to get the best thermal differential between the tank or vessel wall...
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The AC induction motor is a critical component of our wood processing operation. For years we have performed infrared surveys on the distribution side, from the pad mount transformer downstream to the...
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Surface corrosion on aluminum aircraft skins, near joints and around fasteners, is often an indicator of buried structural corrosion and cracking. Aircraft paints are routinely removed to reveal the...
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Over the past four decades, considerable research has been conducted in animal stem cell identification. In 1998, the attention shifted to the identification of human embryonic stem cells and adult...
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Roof leaks are typically discovered by direct observation. If the roof sheathing is not visible from below, such as in an attic, the wallboard or ceiling covering must first be removed. This removal...
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Hyperspectral imaging in the 2-5 mm band has implications for applications in detection and discrimination of objects of interest. Real time instrumentation is particularly powerful as a tool for...
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In order to quickly and accurately determine the "cause and effect" of oil and wear related problems, proper tests and procedures based on the equipment sampled and its application must be performed....
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Thermography is a very useful tool to study the thermal effects of operating equipment. This case study focuses on heat pumps in refrigeration systems without moving parts, highlighting the operation...
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Condition assessment technologies such as ultrasound, infrared, vibration and oil analysis help keep us aware of equipment performance and health. An effective, proactive condition monitoring plan...
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An Optical Fugitive Emission Detection and Measurement Pilot Study was performed at 22 ConocoPhillips Canada (CPC) facilities from April-August 2006. This innovative study represents a strong...
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The key to positive IR results, whether in the refining industry or in any other predictive maintenance endeavor, is to keep the camera running and to build interest in the benefits of thermography...
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The infrared camera is a frequently used weapon in the integrated arsenal of Predictive Maintenance technology. One of these cameras coupled with strong vibration and lubrication programs can help...
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A Midwest nuclear power plant utilizes 345 kV oil circuit breakers (OCBs) rated at 2,000 amps with an interrupting capacity of 63,000 amps. OCBs are independent-pole, pneumatically operated breakers:...
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Manitoba Hydro electrical system supplies the Canadian province of Manitoba and has an installed generation capacity of 5423 MW. Nearly 70 percent of the electricity is transmitted through Manitoba...
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It would seem that every thermographer has their tried and true approach to determining the severity of a heating component. In the electrical utility industry, the decision to remove a heating...
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You know you need an infrared program, but Finance and Accounting departments just don't understand maintenance. Tell them "If I buy this equipment it will save us tons of money" and they will most...
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We have known for some time that surface temperature measurements via infrared thermography could find problem areas in the buried piping of district heating systems. While such information is useful...
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In the past few years, non-invasive, quick and remote temperature detection with infrared measurements has offered many new alternatives in the medical field. The researcher describes her work with...
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Infrared imaging is an excellent tool that is widely used for locating electrical problems. Too often we neglect the mechanical applications. Companies today are under tremendous pressure to reduce...
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Thermography has been used primarily as a qualitative adjunct to traditional NDT techniques. However, recent advances in analytical methods and dedicated hardware have enabled portable thermographic...
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This paper will discuss retrofit techniques that can be implemented that will reduce the arc flash hazard faced by thermographers performing studies on energized electrical facilities. First, the...
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Process heaters are the most critical pieces of equipment in the refining and petrochemical industry. Age-old methods of on-the-line monitoring and inspection include visual checks, recording and...
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There has been growing interest in "lifelog", which is a concept introduced by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in 2003. A lifelog records and stores a person's experience in and...
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This paper briefly reviews the development of medical uses and advantages of infrared thermography. Body temperature was used even by ancient civilizations as a means of disease diagnosis. While...
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Ever since the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, roof gardens have been part of our culture. They have evolved through the ages from huts to highly sophisticated technical achievements. There are many...
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Most conventional applications of thermography usually assume that the objects under study fulfill the following requirements; first, they have solid surfaces such that thermal convections are not...
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Since it was first conceived in the early 1960's, infrared thermography has evolved into a widely used, virtually indispensable tool for condition based maintenance, particularly for electrical...
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In early 2006 Smith & Nephew Orthopedics started a predictive maintenance program utilizing infrared, vibration, motor circuit analysis and ultrasonic testing. We began with 67 monthly, 20 quarterly,...
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The commercial building industry employs generic formats for written specifications that form part of the contract tender documents. The Canadian National Master Construction Specification (NMS) is...
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Thermal imaging use in the building science industry in gaining popularity as it allows inspectors to provide clients with rapid results with little disruption to the buildings occupants. Cladding...
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For years, electric utility transmission thermographers have wanted a camera that could spot leaking sulfur hexafluoride, SF6. As an insulating gas, SF6 is widely used by the electric power industry...
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The process used to make the foam patterns generally involves two steps. The first step is pre-expansion in which the raw polystyrene beads are expanded to the desired bulk density. The expansion is...
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A picture is worth a thousand words, and when it comes to pinpointing costly energy loss in your home, a cutting edge technique called THERMOGRAPHY is clearly the Academy Award winner. Thermography is...
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Many modern IR cameras have built-in cross-hairs that show the user the size of the spot being measured. One would think this would solve the problem of measurement error due to a target at too great...
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Equine Laminitis is the 2nd largest killer of horses behind Colic. Researchers from around the world have done many experiments in an effort to understand the effects of this crippling disease. In an...
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Adequate IR camera resolution is a combination of the IR camera detector and optics. The wise thermographer ensures the right system is available for the job at hand. This paper illustrates with real...
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As our transformer fleet continues to age, caring for these units requires a high level of expertise. This is due to the level of complexity of the cooling systems and subsystems involved. In order to...
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From this Article:
Infrared thermal imaging has been increasingly used to identify wet building materials that can be sources of mold growth and degraded indoor environmental quality. However, IR is also an important...
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From this Article:
Thermal imaging has a long history of aiding in the discovery of anomalies and 'hot spots' in the electrical industry or augmenting ultrasound testing in the refinery industry. Infrared inspections...
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Generally, the performance of an infrared camera is characterized by either the noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) with respect to thermal resolution or by the instantaneous-field-of-view...
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Methods of acquisition, data processing and their interpretation are the main problems in the field of imaging. One of many possibilities for information acquisition is utilization of devices working...
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Thermal imaging is a non-destructive, cost-effective method for detecting water infiltration. Using an infrared (IR) imager, we can determine water penetration source and the condition of building...
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From this Article:
Contact-free thermographic imaging is capable of detecting changes in skin temperature after Interventional Pain Therapy. Recommendations regarding room conditions in a standardized setting exist;...
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From this Article:
It is estimated that humans receive 90% of their sensory information visually. This is true whether you are watching television or managing a poultry house. When managing a poultry house, we use our...
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Better Than New, LLC, has developed a surface treatment to reduce the friction and wear of orthopedic saw blades and guides. The medical saw blades were thermally imaged while sawing through fresh...
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Physicians depend on the subjective judgement of the treated individual to evaluate the result of pain management. This can be difficult, as communication between the patient and the physician might...
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You suspect you have missing insulation in your home. You have cold and drafty areas, and you wonder just how much or what is missing. Did your builder miss something? Are you paying higher utility...
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A practical evaluation of thermal imaging as applied to plastics tooling and processes indicates that it is a viable cost saving means to find the root cause of many molding issues. Thermal imaging,...
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Several researchers have been using microwaves to dry grain and other agricultural materials. But nonuniformity of heating pattern was observed in different food materials during microwave cooking....
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From this Article:
In cold climates, air leakage is accompanied by moisture transport. When migrating through dew point temperatures, a considerable amount of moisture accumulation may occur depending on variables such...
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From this Article:
Survivability of marine grade composite structures exposed to fire is of greatest concern due to a number of issues including: flammability, fire growth, fire resistance, fire protection, and...
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Segregation in asphalt pavements has been identified as one of the most common and costly problems in the industry. Two types of segregation have been identified in asphalt pavements: aggregate...
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Most thermographers have vast technical experience and are highly qualified. Technical skills are important to ensure proper analysis of conditions. Equally important are sales and marketing skills....
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From this Article:
Measuring pain intensity is a major objective in pain therapy. Unfortunately, we have not been able to develop tools to do so until today, hence, it is very difficult to judge if the therapy offered...
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Sudden death due to cardiac arrest takes about 225,000 lives every year in the USA (1). Because Ischemic disease is a leading cause of cardiac arrest, cardiologists are interested in its diagnosis and...
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The physical treatment of burns is essentially based on the aeration of the injured area, yet physicians have to look for the best compromise between minimum exposure to pathogenic airborne agents and...
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Infrared thermography is used throughout the petroleum refining industry and has a proven track record of cost saving in many areas of the business. This paper describes the examination and monitoring...
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Temperature is a measure of the energy of atoms' and molecules' thermal motion. It is one of the fundamental thermodynamic quantities. Almost every physical process is influenced by temperature; heat1...
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Two application studies of indoor and outdoor IR surveys applied to the diagnostic analysis of stone materials constituting Cultural Goods are described in the following. In the frame of a...
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There is a readily available wealth of information regarding any number of infrared applications and the means of implementing thermography as part of well-rounded PdM (predictive maintenance)...
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Thermography is a contact-free method used in experiments and cardiovascular surgery to investigate the myocardium and coronary artery function. When performing a coronary bypass without artificial...
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The old adage goes, "A picture is worth a thousand words." This is certainly true with infrared thermography. Possibly one of the most significant applications for thermography is its utilization in...
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Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia requiring pharmacological or surgical treatment. Limitations of medical treatment have prompted development of non-pharmacological therapies. The...
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The development and optimization of microsystems, such as microreactors, micro heat exchange systems, microactuators, microsensors, and others, often require the knowledge of the temperature...
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Acupuncture has become a tool in the management of pain, although scientific proof for its efficacy is scarce. To judge the effects of acupuncture, one has to rely on the statements of patients....
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The very foundation of the practice of thermography is in the fact that we are all taking pictures of objects. We're framing shots of breakers, paying attention to focus, and distance. We're adjusting...
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Termites do more damage in the United States each year than fires and storms combined. They are a threat to property owners across 70 percent of the world and in every part of the United States with...
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The hardest part of starting an internal infrared program is justifying the cost of the camera, software and training to do the infrared inspections. The manager's standard question is, "What is the...
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The application of infrared thermography to the measurement of transient temperature fields generated by fusion welding of ship structures is described. The purpose is to capture real data from...
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Due to the popularity of predictive and preventive maintenance, many larger customers are relying on outside technical specialists to help their businesses operate more efficiently. Using infrared...
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This paper will discuss the advantage infrared thermography provides in audits and energy surveys that assess the energy efficiency of the normal residential structure and HVAC (heating, ventilating,...
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The most critical time in any unit operation is during start-up. Start-up usually follows a period in which major repairs and changes have been made to the unit, and is rarely without problems....
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When performing most common building inspections, the methodology used is mainly visual assessment. When there are no obvious signs or symptoms appearing it is difficult to determine one way or...
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Thermography is a powerful diagnostic tool for the inspection of residential heating systems. In this paper, IR applications for hot water radiant floor heating systems, (which are quite popular in...
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Radiant barrier material is a popular means of adding to the energy efficiency of a structure. Radiant barrier insulation is very often given R-value rating by the manufacturer. This paper will...
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Insulated pipe condition is very important to the Oil & Petrochemical Industry. This paper will discuss some of the difficulties and possibilities in using IR to assist in determining the condition of...
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This paper describes the infrared predictive maintenance program at DUNAFERR Steelworks (Hungary). The company produces approximately 1,500,000 metric tons of hot-rolled products per year with...
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Corrosion under insulation (CUI) is a major problem for petroleum and chemical process industries. Historically, there have been limited options for evaluating the presence and extent of CUI. Locating...
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The Matsqui Institution is a medium-security correctional facility in the Pacific Region. The institution is located approximately 70 km out of Vancouver and has a rated capacity of 335 inmates. Part...
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The Jersey City International & Bulk Mail Center, based in Jersey City, is the largest of 21 bulk mail centers, occupying 1.8 million sq. ft. of building space on 146 acres. A 2001-2002 brief survey...
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Thermographers have often used using imaging techniques. Ultrasonic inspectors can employ this concept as well, but with different tools. This paper will discuss ultrasonic imaging processes used to...
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During scheduled maintenance outages the coal fired units are off line for a prolonged period of time, sometimes up to several weeks. Most of the time the coal storage silos are emptied of coal as the...
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Certain classes of building defects continue to plague the construction industry despite a variety of defensive techniques put in place to prevent them. The defects occur when a nail, screw or staple...
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An issue that continues to plague the construction industry, nails and screws coming into contact with copper water pipes, can be diagnosed with infrared thermography. A leak may not immediately...
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Thermography is an effective way to analyze, and then take corrective action to increase energy efficiency in all areas of a paper mill. It can be used to show moisture profiles in the web, to...
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It is not uncommon to find fractured porous media in fluid saturated, subterranean systems like hydrocarbon reservoirs, groundwater aquifers, geothermal fields and disposal sites for radioactive...
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Tube metal temperatures are critical to furnace operations. When operating a furnace close to the maximum allowable tube metal temperature, changes of less than 200° F can dramatically reduce tube...
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Water Spray Rack - This test simulates a wind-driven rain condition on a subject. It can assist in determining the specific cause and origin of moisture infiltration when it is used to test...
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What if we did not have the technology of an Infrared Camera? Our world would be a lot different. I would do a visual inspection and try to correct the problem or let an assumption start ruling my...
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Semiconductor devices continue to get smaller and more powerful, while at the same time as their efficiency remains low (< 50%), thus, heat buildup becomes one of the major limitations to creating...
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WAYPOINT Engineering had recently taken the opportunity to show some examples of infrared thermal photos and working examples to one of our customers. Our primary usage has been more focused on a...
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This paper will discuss planning, operation, and documentation procedures designed to effectively utilize the thermal imaging camera as a critical element in an effective reliability program. Prior to...
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Buying an infrared camera - also called a thermal imager - to use in building inspections, energy audits, and weatherization programs is just plain smart. Why? Because infrared allows the operator to...
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In simple terms, an IR camera or thermal imager converts infrared radiation into a visual image that depicts temperature variations across an object or scene. This allows one to make non-contact...
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The application of IR Non Destructive Testing to three thermoplastics (HDPE, PVC & PMMA) and one thermoset composite material (GFRP) is the target of the work. IR Non Destructive Testing is fast,...
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Thermographers work around energized electrical components as part of their normal job duties. How aware are they of the Arc Flash and Electrical safety regulations in place for their protection? This...
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The National Electric Code (NEC) has been requiring an arc flash assessment for a few years now, but Utilities do not have to abide by NEC. However, now that the 2007 edition of NESC requires an arc...
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Breast Thermography is an imaging procedure where infrared images of the breast are analyzed and rated to determine the risk of developing breast cancer. The infrared imaging process allows one to see...
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Many bulk materials, such as coal and organic wastes, are stored as large piles in open yards where air and moisture promote decomposition and exothermic reactions that raise the pile's temperature....
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At Inframation 2007, new templates were introduced to calculate power losses from radiating and absorbing surfaces. These templates used the Stefan Boltzmann equation to calculate power transfer from...
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The behavior of heating or cooling of physical objects as a function of size is governed by the surface-to volume- ratio. Its role becomes most obvious in studying heating and cooling curves of...
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In this work we applied infrared thermography to the inspection of building facades to determine the lack of adherence, which is disguised in the external cladding of a facade composed of appeased...
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Insurance companies have traditionally focused on controlling the impact of property losses by using fire protection systems to minimize the amount of a loss if it happens. But rarely do insurance...
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Infrared imagers have become vital diagnostic tools in building maintenance with mold related health issues becoming more prevalent. Although infrared imagers do not detect the presence of mold, they...
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The failure of a steam turbine extraction point can be a serious problem which can involve safety issues and damage to equipment. Steam is tapped from various locations within the turbine to power...
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This paper explains the use of Infrared Imaging as a method to quickly and efficiently determine the operational ability of snow melt systems for roof, valley, gutters and downspouts. It could also be...
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Electric power utilities are faced with an aging infrastructure, frequent blackouts or brownouts, costly unplanned maintenance, security threats to remote facilities, and rising costs. As part of a...
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With rising fuel and energy costs, ensuring your building is well insulated is becoming increasing important. Infrared thermography is an ideal measurement tool to check the continuity of insulation...
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From this Article:
It is critical for energy certification programs to utilize Thermographic technology in order to properly evaluate energy efficiency. To date, there are no set standards for infrared energy...
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From this Article:
In powerful fusion devices, plasma-facing components (PFC) have to handle heat fluxes in the range of 10-20 MW/m² at steady state. This high level of thermal performance involves severe engineering...
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One can calculate the R-Value for an exterior wall segment by estimating the heat flow between the interior of a room and the interior wall surface. In steady state heat transfer conditions, all the...
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Flare stacks are used in many industries to burn off unwanted waste gas byproducts, or flammable gases released by pressure relief valves during unplanned over-pressuring of plant equipment....
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It is well known that the earth's polar ice caps are melting. However, it is not as well known that many alpine glaciers around the world are also shrinking. This shrinking is perhaps most dramatic in...
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Going Green seems to be the "buzz word" today, but what does that have to do with Thermal Imaging? Actually, it has a lot to do with it! Buildings in the U.S. alone account for 39% of U.S. Energy...
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Real world infrared needs real world emissivities. What is the emissivity of a certain manufacturer's disconnect? How about an aluminum connection on the load or line side of a molded case breaker?...
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Lock-in thermography has been used to control plasma facing component in Tore-Supra fusion device, during maintenance shutdown. The aim was to perform in-situ health monitoring with a non destructive...
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Various thermoregulatory mechanisms employed by the body are important for the athlete to avoid heat illness. By employing an infrared camera to focus on the radiation of heat from a venous plexus in...
How
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We started work within the Sugar Industry by knocking on doors and offering FREE demonstrations to Electrical Supervisors. At that time, Infrared Thermography was considered something new and...
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Infrared thermography is more than just turning on the camera and looking for "hot spots." It is all about gathering accurate data for your customer, so they can make informed decisions as to the...
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Passive ventilation employs a set of strategies, potentially including building shape, internal configuration, orientation, aperture size and position, and microclimate design, to direct air through a...
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Over 150 million emergency calls are made each year in the United States (US). Different technologies have been introduced to help the Emergency Medical Systems (EMS) to correctly diagnose, monitor,...
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Temperature variations that provide valuable information about heat transfer and fluid phenomena that occur during a mechanical and chemical process stand out clearly in an infrared image. An overview...
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It is essential to study the characteristics of the spherical combustion of fuel droplets, including the burning constant on free fuel droplets instead of on suspended fuel droplets. Accordingly, the...
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The conduction of an (IPD) Inspection Preliminary Determination (ref: 2005 InfraMation Proceeding, Volume 6, pg 367) to facilitate (CBRN - seeburn) Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear...
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Recreational boat builders from South Africa to the USA are equally concerned with the quality, demand for and profitability of their products. Profits in building boats are made by cost control,...
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In the report, the proposal of application of infrared thermography is presented as one of the methods used in the graphic diagnosis of an elbow joint, connected with a diagnosis of inflammatory state...
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Infrared applications and activities outside the day to day predictive maintenance (PdM) inspections have become part of the culture at the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Plant. An innovative approach to...
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Manufacturing and process engineers are under constant pressure to make production systems and processes more efficient and less costly. Frequently, their solutions use automation techniques to...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
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All developing countries as part of Infra structure development of Residential and Commercial buildings are going for high rise towers / buildings to effectively use the land area. The local...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
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Effectively maintaining 1,123,661 sq-ft of roof at NJI & BMC without any leaks was a challenging task for our maintenance crew. The function of the Maintenance Department is to provide predictive...
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Corrosion leads to degradation and mechanical decay of metallic materials. The thickness variation caused by corrosion in oil pipelines can change heat flow condition, resulting in fluctuation of...
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As the resident technician for a home inspection company, this thermographer investigates a variety of problems such as locating the sources of leaks, tracking the path of pipes in concrete and...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
From this Article:
Steady state and transient tests have been carried out on different material slabs and when heat was supplied by means of Peltier cells, a temperature was recorded by a low temperature IR camera in...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
From this Article:
Steel mill ladles have limited lives. As their refractory linings wear or develop breaks due to shock, the outer part of a ladle can be exposed to excessive temperatures. If not caught in time, the...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
From this Article:
Determining pain intensity is a key intention in pain management. Unfortunately, no tool has been developed to date, that sufficiently fulfils this task, hence, it is extremely complex to conclude, if...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
From this Article:
Osteomyelitis in adults primarily affects digits of the feet and is most often associated with diabetes mellitus, though other diabetic complications such as peripheral vascular occlusive disease,...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
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During nights with a clear sky a strong surface cooling of objects oriented towards the sky is observed. The large radiation net flux of about 40 - 75 W/m2 in clear-sky nights can be much larger than...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
From this Article:
The performance of many engineering devices from power electronics to gas turbines is limited by thermal management. Pin fin arrays within fluid channels are commonly used to enhance thermal...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
From this Article:
As oil exploration, industry, and transportation reaches every corner of the globe, so too do the risks of the inadvertent and hazardous exposure of wildlife to oil based pollutants. Once an...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
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The predictive technology team at DMAX, Ltd. consists of a mechanical technician and an electrical technician. We primarily use the IR camera to run predictive routes on electrical panels, buss plugs,...
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From this Article:
Using a standard schedule for IR surveys has been identified as a best practice among infrared thermographers. For electric power distribution equipment, this schedule should begin with the...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
From this Article:
Energy is a very "hot" topic these days for everyone. In particular, children are interested in their environment and in conserving energy and using it wisely. It is almost impossible to "see" energy...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
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The Queen of Saanich Ro-Ro Passenger Ferry experienced a high temperature bearing problem with one of its main steering gear motors. IR analysis showed the non drive end thrust bearing as the source...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
From this Article:
FPA Thermography cameras were introduced in the mid 1990's. At the time, the number of commercially available models was very limited, with a frame size of about 70,000 pixels. Nowadays, the targeted...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
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This paper discusses how thermal imagery can provide new understanding of diagnosis, cause and treatment of medical conditions. In this instance, the thermal image of a tennis elbow seen at a recent...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
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This paper will explain the basic procedures utilized in setting up leak testing of window and wall systems. It will cover building and testing the spray rack to ASTM standards, setting up the...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
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Thermal Imaging has become a very useful tool to the restoration contractor. IR Thermography can often mean the difference between non-destructive or destructive remediation. The ability to detect and...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
From this Article:
When can an IR camera find the oil level in a bushing? What role does the oil have in electrical equipment such as bushings? When can oil leaks be seen with the naked eye? How can an IR camera step in...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
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The thermal diffusivity is one of the most important parameters when heat conduction is studied. The goal of this study is to obtain the thermal diffusivity of human teeth dentin after Er,Cr:YSGG...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
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Although infrared radiation (IR) is not detectable by the human eye, an IR camera can convert it to a visual image that depicts thermal variations across an object or scene. IR covers a portion of the...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
From this Article:
During the last 8 years, our Thermal Inspection Company has gradually introduced Thermal Imaging to one of Australia's largest companies. Just as we rely on our Postal Services to deliver our letters...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
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Surface treatment as well as cutting of metals, polymers and ceramics using water jet technology, has been established for some time. Compared to conventional techniques such as milling or grinding,...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
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Cosmetics are a part of people's daily lives. Cosmetics are applied on external surfaces of human body, such as epidermis, hair, fingernail, etc. which makes it very important to pay attention to...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
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In order to investigate the weldability of plastics, a thermographic system based on an FPA detector at 7.5 to 13 µm is realized. Using this technique, the influence of different material...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
From this Article:
Building-thermography measurements of window panes are not only eye catchers due to their different properties regarding thermal reflections but they are also important for quantitatively analyzing...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
From this Article:
When a leak presents itself below surface either indoors or outdoors, finding the source can be quite time consuming and expensive. There are many determining factors as to what methodology might be...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
From this Article:
The manufacture of expanded polystyrene, polypropylene and similar molded parts (automotive bumpers, protective helmets, etc.) requires precise molding control for its vacuum, steaming and subsequent...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
From this Article:
Materials' cutting during machining is an extremely complex thermo-mechanical problem due to the severe physical conditions associated to materials shearing mechanisms. During chip formation very high...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
From this Article:
The normal application of isolated phase bus duct is to make the connection between large generators and its associated generator step up transformer. The bus also is used to make connections to...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
From this Article:
An evaluation has been conducted of the potential of a night sky cooling system to substantially reduce space cooling needs in homes in North American climates. The innovative residential cooling...
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
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A wildfire is an unplanned natural or human caused fire, which requires suppression action. During the period 1998 - 2007, Alberta experienced an average of 1,382 of these devastating events annually....
(Video Cameras and Accessories)
From this Article:
Smoke detectors and sprinkler systems are absolutely necessary to minimize the risk to warehouse contents. Still, they represent a response to fire that has already broken out. FLIR's Warehouse Asset...