Do Capacitors Really Reduce Noise?

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— The Often Overlooked Side Effects —

Adding capacitors is one of the most widely used methods for noise suppression. By shunting differential-mode noise to ground, they can provide effective noise reduction.

However, in practice, factors such as the following can lead to unintended effects:

  • Increased ground impedance
  • Increased parasitic capacitance
  • Changes in current loops

These effects can often result in the conversion of differential-mode noise into common-mode noise.

Furthermore, additional issues such as the following may be introduced:

  • Increased radiated emissions due to increased current loop area
  • Higher inrush current
  • Increased leakage current
  • Startup delays

The Essence of Noise Suppression
This behavior is often described as a “whack-a-mole” phenomenon: even if noise is temporarily suppressed, it may reappear in another form.


 A More Fundamental Solution: Start with a Low-Noise Power Supply

A more effective approach is to use a power supply designed to minimize noise at its source.
Daitron’s ultra-low-noise switching power supplies offer:

  • Ripple noise as low as 1 mVp-p (RFS series)
  • Compliance with medical standards (LFS and PFS series)
  • Low leakage current design

By reducing reliance on external filtering components, these solutions enable simpler and more reliable noise control.