Technical Articles
Process Sensing Technologies USA has published these technical articles:
(Gas Sensing)
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Electronic specialty gases (ESGs) are used throughout the electronics sector, but the largest users, with the most diverse needs are semiconductor manufacturers. Various ESGs are used in most...
(Gas Sensing)
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On-site gas generation offers a cost-effective, reliable, and safe alternative to liquid or cylinder supplies of oxygen or nitrogen. With the latest developments in pressure swing absorption (PSA)...
(Temperature Sensing)
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For applications that are subjected to the GxP quality guidelines within regulated industries, mapping is essential to decide where, within an area, testing, production, storage and distribution can...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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When we think about forest conservation, one of the first thoughts that come to mind is avoiding damage. Such as the damage caused by roads, electrical lines, mines or littering. However, forests must...
(Gas Sensing)
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All combustion processes require the correct air to fuel ratio of fuel and oxygen. Incomplete combustion creates fuel waste, an increased level of toxic emissions and potential damage, affecting the...
(Gas Sensing)
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Moisture Measurement Can Help Meet The BCAS 10% Energy Efficiency Target...
(Temperature Sensing)
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The survival of viruses, bacteria, and fungi in the air is influenced by temperature and relative humidity. The transmission of infectious diseases via aerosol or airborne infection necessitates...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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In commercial baking ovens, the use of steam has many advantages and in some cases is critical to the production of consistent quality product. Lately the reduction in production costs of steam ovens...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Recent steep rises in European gas prices have been driven by increased demand together with reduced levels of supply. Despite of the push towards renewables, natural gas remains an attractive fuel...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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For many industrial trace moisture measurements, dew-point transmitters are the ideal choice. They are low cost, easy to install and robust enough to withstand the tough environments. This includes...
(Temperature Sensing)
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Reviewing the laws of physics that govern water vapor in a moist gas can help you better understand the properties of what you’re measuring. Understanding these properties will help you make a...
(Sensor Transmitters)
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How electrochemical sensors work and some of the common applications they serve....
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Accurate reporting of ambient conditions is essential during powertrain emissions testing. The interrelated variables of temperature, pressure and humidity affect different aspects of engine...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Avoiding condensation is vital for many processes. It can damage equipment, make its way into sensitive processes, shorten the life of air-driven tools or reduce product quality. Many applications use...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Synthetic diamonds are created and used all over the world, for similar applications as naturally occurring diamonds. Recently, the method of using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) to...
(Gas Sensing)
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Synthetic diamonds are created and used all over the world, for similar applications as naturally occurring diamonds. Recently, the method of using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) to...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Unlike moisture content (measured in parts per million) the water dew point temperature of a gas is a relationship between the moisture content, the temperature and pressure of the gas. Installing the...
(Gas Sensing)
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It is a question we are asked frequently: How to make oxygen sensors have a long life? There are many things we can do, but also, more importantly, there are many chemicals and gases we can try to...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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As explained in a previous Blog-Post , all forms of life depend on water. Water activity indicates the amount of water which is biologically available to microorganisms. Each species of microorganism...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Why is it important to monitor the dew point of air or other gases under pressure?...
(Sensor Transmitters)
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To operate an SST zirconia O2 probe, it is necessary to have interface electronics to power and control the sensor. For customers that do not want to purchase the electronics, please read our...
(Gas Sensing)
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To ensure the best performance the best performance from your O2 probe and interface board, it must be installed correctly....
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Humidity is measured using a hygrometer, a tool that utilizes various materials and measurements to gauge a room or space's level of water vapor. While no scientific measurement is absolutely true,...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
From this Article:
Reviewing the laws of physics that govern water vapor in a moist gas can help you better understand the properties of what you're measuring. Understanding these properties will help you make a more...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
From this Article:
Water vapor is one of several gases that makes up air. For example if the total pressure of a system such as air at sea level is 101.3 kPa (or 29.9 inches of mercury), and that air is made up of...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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The vapor concentration or absolute humidity of a mixture of water vapor and dry air is defined as the ratio of the mass of water vapor Mw to the volume V occupied by the mixture. The volume mixing...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Saturation vapor pressure depends only on temperature. There is no effect of total pressure, and there is no difference between the situation in an open space and that in a closed container.
In an...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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As explained in a previous Blog-Post , all forms of life depend on water. Water activity indicates the amount of water which is biologically available to microorganisms. Each species of microorganism...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Wet- and dry-bulb temperature measurement is a commonly used and widely accepted technique for controlling relative humidity in environmental chambers. ASTM standard E 337-02 (2007) reviews in great...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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A chilled mirror or condensation hygrometer is a technology used to directly measure the dew or frost point of a gas. If the temperature of a mirror is lowered to precisely the value that makes dew...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Considering the wide variety of environmental variables that influence water vapor and affect measurement, it’s important to know precisely which type of instrument and technology will enable...
(Gas Sensing)
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Why it is important to have an oxygen analyzer in your metal 3D printing process?...
(Temperature Sensing)
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Data Centre Performance: Keeping your Cool?...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Water Activity (aw) Measurement- Why is it important?...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Moisture content and what it means for compressed air quality...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Why does moisture in medical gases matter?...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Preventing corrosion and compressor damage in CCUS...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Michell Instruments: supporting the roll-out of net zero technologies...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Plant Protection, Energy Efficiency and Cost Savings...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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The subject of dew-point sensor calibration may not set the pulses racing ...? but ignore it at your peril!?...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Due to variations in natural-gas compositions or impurities, precision in moisture measurement was impossible to achieve - until recently....
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Due to variations in natural-gas compositions or impurities, precision in moisture measurement was impossible to achieve - until recently....
(Gas Sensing)
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This article gives an overview of helpful hints on how to pro-long the life of PST's Zirconia Oxygen Sensors. The application in which the zirconia oxygen sensor is operating influences the life of...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) is an increasingly important global source of energy. The market analysts Research and Markets predict that annual demand will grow by almost 9 % CAGR to...
(Gas Sensing)
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In order to operate any of PST's range of SST Zirconia O2 Sensors, you will require an interface board which provides the electronics necessary to power and control the zirconium dioxide oxygen...
(Gas Sensing)
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"New stringent emissions laws which are being introduced globally mean that many of our own personal diesel cars will no longer be allowed to enter some of our major Towns and Cities."...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Improve compressor efficiency and reduce energy cost...
(Gas Sensing)
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Engineers are constantly looking for new and innovative ways to improve the efficiency of their work. In many cases, this involves finding the correct product. When it comes to oxygen transmitters,...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Metal oxide moisture sensors have been on the market for years. Since their introduction in the 1960s, there have been many developments in trace moisture sensing technologies for industrial...
(Temperature Sensing)
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The production of pharmaceuticals is one of the most tightly regulated of all the manufacturing processes. Every aspect of production is carefully controlled, with each of the key factors that could...
(Temperature Sensing)
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Compliance with GxP quality guidelines...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Many applications require very high purity, inert gases to blanket hazardous chemicals or as protective atmospheres. The electronics and semiconductor industries use ultra-high purity specialty gases...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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For large pharmaceutical manufacturing plants, power plants and other industrial/process plants which operate large quantities of dew point sensors, it is usually more cost-effective to calibrate...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Pressure dew point (PDP) is a measure of humidity where the gas is under pressure – for example in a compressed air system. If the pressure of the gas increases, the dew-point temperature also...
(Gas Sensing)
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What are the main sources of hydrogen for industry?...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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The measurement of water activity (aw) or equilibrium relative humidity (ERH) is a crucial parameter in the quality control of moisture-sensitive products and materials. Water activity is defined as...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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A guide to water activity in moisture-sensitive products...
(Gas Sensing)
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Safety Integrity Level (SIL) ratings are becoming more common. Many people are familiar with hazardous area approvals such as ATEX, IECEx and CSA; however, a SIL rating is slightly different....
(Gas Sensing)
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We are often asked which analysis techniques are most suitable for ensuring the purity of hydrogen in production. Our article on the Process Sensing Technologies blog provides a quick overview of the...
(Sensor Transmitters)
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What are the critical measurements needed in inert glove boxes and how do you make them?...
(Gas Sensing)
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Breathing air applications are not just restricted to checking the quality of compressed gas in breathing sets and systems fitted for patients in hospitals but also the breathable levels of oxygen in...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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If you regularly use a large quantity of humidity probes, relative humidity transmitters or hand-held humidity meters calibrating these in-house may save both time and money. Making the first step to...
(Sensor Transmitters)
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This article discusses one of the most difficult to measure, but crucial, parameters: hydrocarbon dew point...
(Gas Sensing)
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But, what is partial pressure? It is a question we are asked frequently when it comes to the O2 sensor working principle. In this article, we will address the definition of partial pressure, the...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Polyester polymer chips such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) are hygroscopic, meaning that they absorb moisture from their surrounding atmosphere. Too much moisture in the chips causes issues...
(Gas Sensing)
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Regular ventilation of closed rooms has taken on a whole new meaning in the Corona pandemic. To ensure they detect the right time for fresh air, more and more schools and companies are using CO2...
(Humidity and Moisture Sensing)
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Cleanliness is essential to the production process of Lithium-ion batteries, particularly for the anode and cathode coating, which needs to be carried out in two separate clean rooms as the materials...
(Gas Sensing)
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At the core of SST’s zirconia oxygen sensors is the sensing cell (Figure 1). The cell consists of two zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) square coated with a thin porous layer of platinum which serve as...