Technical Articles
Prosig USA, Inc. has published these technical articles:
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
This article will attempt to explain the basic theory of the frequency response function. This basic theory will then be used to calculate the frequency response function between two points on a...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
These days most people collecting engineering and scientific data digitally have heard of and know of the implications of the sample rate and the highest observable frequency in order to avoid...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
In this article we will look at why we need to consider energy correction when producing frequency spectra and how we go about it. We will use a perfect, 'special case' signal to keep the explanation...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
It is quite straightforward to apply "classical" integration techniques to calculate either a velocity time history from an acceleration time history or the corresponding displacement time history...
(Acoustic and Audio Equipment)
From this Article:
Sometimes we are asked about the differences between an acoustic camera and a sound intensity probe and which of the two is better for a particular application. There is no straightforward answer as...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
From time to time I meet engineers who are interested in the conversions between acceleration, velocity and displacement. Often, they have measured acceleration, but are interested in displacement or...
(Data Acquisition Products)
From this Article:
Before we discuss the use of data windows, we should first remind ourselves of three basic properties of the FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) process. First, energy information in signal must be preserved...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
An investigation was made of a sample of automotive components where some were exhibiting a high frequency "tick" or rattle during each operating cycle. This feature could be heard above the normal...
(Vibration and Acceleration Sensing)
From this Article:
Creating a stable, good quality tacho signal can be one of the hardest parts of analyzing rotating machinery. So what happens if our carefully designed and implemented tacho misses a few pulses? The...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
DATS smoothing PROTOR runup vibration microphone Fourier aliasing P8000 strain gauge de-spike ENBW despike muffler gearbox strain gage engineering acoustic phaseless spikes Butterworth fatigue...
(Process Controllers)
From this Article:
Prosig were recently involved in the validation of a closed loop control system for an automotive pump supplier. The customer has a large number of test cells, each test cell has 8 pumps continually...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
In many cases only significant events, such as bumps or other transients in a signal are of relevance. The objective is to be able to isolate these events in a meaningful manner so that they may be...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
This application note describes the test and measurement process for the fatigue testing and development cycle of a component....
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
For various reasons data captured in the real world often contains spikes that will give erroneous results when analyzed. DATS for Windows provides various ways of editing and removing these...
(Data Acquisition Products)
From this Article:
At least one manufacturer of data acquisition systems claims to achieve an incredibly high dynamic range (160dB) when capturing data. This is supposedly achieved by the use of dual-range data...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
Each of the different social networks has its own strengths and weaknesses in terms of how useful it will be in a work or educational environment. We will look at just a few of the different sites....
(Vibration and Acceleration Sensing)
From this Article:
We can distinguish between quantities which have magnitude only and those which have magnitude and are also associated with a direction in space. The former are called scalars, for example, mass and...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
In this article we will look at the basic steps behind a simple rotating machinery study. We won't look in great detail at some of the techniques involved - these are dealt with elsewhere on the Noise...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
Standards DIN 4150-2:1999-06 and DIN 45669-1:1995-06 provide a means of assessing the effect on human beings of vibration caused by vehicle traffic, trains both above and below ground, construction...
(Vibration and Acceleration Sensing)
From this Article:
A vibration problem arose at an Open Cycle Gas Turbine. Following an outage on the four gas turbines and two SSS clutches, the machine returned to service with unacceptable vibration levels on some...
(Data Acquisition Products)
From this Article:
This article documents an investigation into voltage levels provided by an automotive cigar lighter socket. These sockets are nowadays used to power a wide variety of devices. It is, in fact, rare for...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
These are two different techniques aimed at different objectives....
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
The Articulation Index or AI gives a measure of the intelligibility of hearing speech in a given noise environment. The metric was originally developed in 1949 in order to give a single value that...
(Data Acquisition Products)
From this Article:
In this note the different types of transducers that can be used with the Prosig P8000 series data acquisition system are discussed. The article deals with the design and function of the different...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
Torsional vibration is of key importance in the area of vehicle development and refinement. The main contributory source is the engine where periodically occurring combustion cycles cause variation in...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
The following application note shows the steps taken to perform a structural analysis on an automotive exhaust pipe (muffler) structure with the aim of improving the structural damping properties of...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
Using Prosig's P8000 series data acquisition system with DATS signal analysis software, torsional analysis (crank jitter) was performed on an automotive engine attached to an engine dynamometer. The...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
From time to time I meet engineers who are interested in the conversions between acceleration, velocity and displacement. Often, they have measured acceleration, but are interested in displacement or...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
Normally when we are analysing a signal it is a purely real signal, that is it has no imaginary part. A classic example is of course a sine wave. When we analyse a signal with a Fourier transform,...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
Order cuts are taken from a set of FFTs, each one at a different rpm. The rms level is then found as the Square root of the Sum of the squares of each of the FFT values....
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
By combining a speed signal with a data signal and using the Short Time FFT algorithm (Hopping FFT), it is possible to extract order data directly as a function of time (Orders from Hopping FFT)...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
In many instances we need to filter a signal to remove unwanted frequencies. If we use classical filters such as Butterworth, Chebyshev or even Bessel then a phase delay is introduced. This phase...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
Shaft displacement is an important vibration measurement for rotating machines. Shaft displacement is usually monitored by non-contact shaft displacement probes such as eddy-current probes. These...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
The requirement was to develop a 'standard' test for assessing the sound quality of power steering pumps in vehicles. Measurements needed to be objective so that the method would be suitable for...
(Data Acquisition Products)
From this Article:
A strain gauge is an electrical sensor which is used to accurately measure strain in a test piece. Strain gauges are usually based on a metallic foil pattern. The gauge is attached to the test piece...
(Data Acquisition Products)
From this Article:
This note is based on a real requirement presented to Prosig by a prospective user. It's the sort of challenge that we relish. This case is a great example of a real-world signal processing...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
A common requirement in noise and vibration analysis is to find the overall level of a signal as a function of time. Now the overall level is a measure of the total dynamic energy in the signal. That...
(Vibration and Acceleration Sensing)
From this Article:
When monitoring vibration on large gas or steam turbines and generators with fluid-film bearings, the relative movement of the shaft within the bearing is typically measured by a pair of shaft...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
This article was inspired by a question asked by a reader regarding a previous article - Data Windows : What, why and when?. Specifically, the reader asked "Could you please put an example about...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
The use of a vibration condition monitoring system for monitoring vibration from large rotating machines fitted with fluid-filled journal bearings such as steam or gas turbines is well understood....
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
When using vibration data, especially in conjunction with modelling systems, the measured data is often needed as an acceleration, as a velocity and as a displacement. Sometimes different analysis...
(Vibration and Acceleration Sensing)
From this Article:
Have you ever wondered if there is a vibration condition monitoring system that can be installed anywhere and then monitored from anywhere else? Even on your smartphone? Well, there is. The following...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
Ever been lying on the beach and begun to wonder about the state of your LP turbines. Or out on business and anxious to know if that troublesome exciter bearing has settled down? Well with a Prosig...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
Any vibration signal may be analyzed into amplitude and phase as a function of frequency. The phase represents fifty percent of the information so it is most important to measure phase for vibration...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
When measuring noise and vibration in rotating machines, especially complex devices like automobile engines, it is very important to fully understand what is being measured and what analyses need to...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
This article addresses two basic approaches to analyzing rotating machinery during transient (sweeping rpm) conditions. The first is the traditional method which uses Frequency (FFT) Spectrum analysis...
(Data Acquisition Products)
From this Article:
Most engineers are probably familiar with or have come across the decibel or dB as a unit of measurement. Its most common use is in the field of acoustics where it is used to quantify sound levels....
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
In technical terms, resonance is the tendency of a structure or material to oscillate at maximum amplitude at a certain frequency. This frequency is known as the structure's resonant frequency....
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
The term synchronous data is usually applied to vibration or acoustic data that is captured from an item of rotating equipment at regularly spaced angle intervals as distinct from regularly spaced...
(Acoustic and Audio Equipment)
From this Article:
We're often asked what is the difference between free field microphones, diffuse field microphones and pressure microphones. For a run-of-the-mill 1/2" inch microphone the short answer is nothing....
(Data Acquisition Products)
From this Article:
Prosig P8000 systems use differential inputs, but what are they and why are they so special? This subject is not always fully understood and, therefore, the focus of this article is to try to make the...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
In general, noise or vibration signals are composed of one or more sinusoidal signals which can be quantified in terms of their magnitude (modulus) and phase components. These can be visualised as the...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
This seemingly simple question is actually quite fundamental. To answer the question we need to consider sound intensity. Now sound intensity is defined as "the average rate of flow of energy through...
(Engineering and Scientific Software)
From this Article:
It has been conventional wisdom that a higher order integrator is 'better'. Now, a rectangular integrator is a zero order integrator and a trapezium integrator is a first order integrator. So...