Technical Articles

Seals Eastern, Inc. has published these technical articles:

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Seals Eastern looks forward to continued gains in quality and efficiency by combining statistical and rheological techniques in the design and manufacture of engineered rubber products....
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This chapter reviews the behavior of a crosslinked elastomer in an engineered design, randomly or continuously loaded (as opposed to regular cyclic loading). Comparable real world service would be...
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The solubility of a plasticizer in a polymer is governed by thermodynamic considerations well documented by numerous researchers. The effect of plasticizers on dynamic properties is less widely known....
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In the following sections, some of the features and benefits of DMRT are presented, relevant elements of rheology are defined, DMRT methods are explained, and some applications of DMRT to polymer...
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The objective of this test program was to review the potential physical and chemical changes of four candidate elastomers in engine coolant service....
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A chemical analysis of the aging process of rubber....
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Polyurethane specs and design information....
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Elastomers in fuels, oils and other fluids are increasingly being tested (and subjected to) 3000 hour life tests. These tests are not only realistic but also overdue if we are building world-class...
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It can be shown that elastomers have a more predictable swelling response in high-pressure supercritical gases than previously believed. This paper reviews environment interactions, emphasizing...
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The objective of this test program was to review the potential physical and chemical ch anges of three popular "high-performance" oilfield materials in potassium formate over a relatively short time...
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Explains the development, classification, and theory of fluoroelastomers....
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Two classes of fluoroelastomers, FKM and FEPM, are aged at 150°C in dry heat, ASTM reference engine oil and an organic acid based engine coolant. The test procedure, which uses unique component...
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The objective of this study was to identify the primary mechanism which is responsible for a dramatic increase in HNBR hardness during long exposures to high temperatures in automatic transmission...
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A study on the viscoelastic properties of HNBR was conducted after exposure to nucleophilic and basic constituents in automatic transmission fluids....
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As an important fabricator of precision molded rubber products, we had always understood that effective quality control depends on determination, hard work and the appropriate use of state-of-the-art...
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Testing elastomers at low temperature....
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"Among elastomers commercially available, several are reasonably stable for prolonged periods at temperatures above 200*C (392*F); but at such temperatures, their strength characteristics are...
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Nitrite rubber (NBR) has been the work-horse elastomer in oil & gas production for the past fifty years. As wells began producing increasing amounts of hydrogen sulfide through stimulation or...
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Designing O-ring seals for low pressures is not simply a matter of reducing the amount of squeeze: it involves a delicate balancing of material hardness, dimensional tolerances, stress relaxation, and...
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The science and specs behind different types of polymers....
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An analysis of rubber under strain from an engineering perspective....
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Sealing high pressure gases with elastomers is a problem as elastomers are essentially a supercondensed gas. The primary interactions (type of gas, heat, pressure) and secondary interactions (water,...
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Sealing successes and failures in the oil and gas industry....
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Overview, use of, and conclusions about durometers....
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The solubility parameter concept, on first discovery appears to offer a rationalized approach for a simplified elastomer selection in various solvents. The original definitive book, "Solubility of...
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Hydrofluorocarbon elastomers, ASTM designation D1418-FKM, are produced domestically by Dupont and 3M Company under the trade names of Viton and Fluorel. FKM elastomers have been extensively studied,...
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If a seal leaks for no apparent reason, or shows cracks and blisters, it could be reacting with the fluid it's sealing. This problem is especially severe if the fluid has a molecular structure similar...
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Converting a high-volume compression-molded bonded seal to an injection-molded process requires dramatically different rheological and curing properties of the elastomer formulation. Shear rates are...
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To more completely appreciate the challenges of successful oilfield elastomer formulation we will briefly review the operating environment. Energy production has moved from the relatively benign...
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Fluoroelastomers are characterized by excellent heat stability, thus suitable for sealing applications where high temperature performance is required. However, thermal excursions, defined as...
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This paper concern the theory and practice of vulcanization - the process of adding crosslinks to long-chain molecules....