Properties of Rubber

Rubbers are noncrystalline polymers with high molecular weight that have three-dimensional space network structures and are resistant to plastic deformation. Normally, rubbers exhibit long-range elasticity at room temperature and can undergo large reversible elongations of even 500% at comparatively low stresses. Rubber has excellent dynamic properties and can bond well with metal parts. Rubber has high resistance to tear and abrasion and is relatively easy to process. The elasticity of rubber is derived from the ability of the long chains in the molecular structure of rubber to reconfigure molecules when stress is applied. Rubber is used to make golf balls, orthopedic splints, adhesives, and submarine cables.
This handbook discusses the classification, types, and uses of rubbers. It also describes the compounding and vulcanization processes. The data sheet provides a description of the electrical, mechanical, physical, and thermal properties of different types of rubbers.
Based on the source, rubber can be classified into natural rubber and synthetic rubber. Natural rubber is an elastic hydrocarbon polymer, which occurs as a milky, colloidal suspension called latex in the sap of several varieties of plants. Rubber can also be produced synthetically.
Natural rubber is obtained from Para rubber trees. The most common source of natural rubber is from the latex of the Hevea brasiliensis tree, which contains 95% rubber hydrocarbon and 5% solids, such as proteins, sugar, salt, and resin. The rubber hydrocarbon is known as Cantchouc. The latex is processed further to develop fine quality rubber.
The...