Introduction

Today we live and work in a world of global connectivity. We can exchange casual conversation or conduct multimillion dollar monetary transactions with people on the other side of the planet quickly and inexpensively. The proliferation of personal computers, easy access to the Internet, and a booming market for related new communications devices have changed the way we spend our leisure time and the way we do business.

The ways in which criminals commit crimes is also changing. Universal digital accessibility opens up new opportunities for the unscrupulous. Millions of dollars are lost to computer-savvy criminals by both businesses and consumers. Worse, computers and networks can be used to harass victims or set them up for violent attacks even to coordinate and carry out terrorist activities that threaten us all. Unfortunately, in many cases law enforcement agencies have lagged behind these criminals, lacking the technology and the trained personnel to address this new and growing threat, which has been aptly termed cybercrime.

Until recently, many information technology (IT) professionals lacked awareness of and interest in the cybercrime phenomenon. In many cases, law enforcement officers have lacked the tools needed to tackle the problem; old laws didn t quite fit the crimes being committed, new laws hadn t quite caught up to the reality of what was happening, and there were few court precedents to look to for guidance. Furthermore, debates over privacy issues hampered the ability of enforcement agents to gather the evidence needed to prosecute these new cases. Finally, there was...