Internet Security: A Jumpstart for Systems Administrators and IT Managers

Glossary

A-D

Application
Part of the OSI reference model. The application layer is also known as layer seven, the highest layer in the OSI model.

See also OSI(Open Systems Interconnection).

Authentication
Verification of a claimed identity.
Biometric
A unique, measurable characteristic or trait of a human being used for automatically recognizing or verifying an identity.
CA(Certificate Authority)
An authority that issues and manages security credentials for a PKI.
CA Private Root Key
A cryptographic key known only to the CA that is used to certify user or server certificate requests.
CERT(Computer Emergency Response Team)
The CERT Coordination Center is an organization that grew from the Computer Emergency Response Team formed by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in November 1988 in response to the problems generated during the Internet worm incident. (See http://www.cert.org/)
Certificate
A digital identifier linking an entity and a trusted third party with the ability to confirm the entity's identification. Typically stored in a browser or a smart card.
Certificate Owner
A person or system bound to the certificate. The owner is the person that has access to view and manipulate the certificate.
Certificate Policy
A set of rules that indicates the applicability of a certificate to a particular environment or application with common security requirements.
Certification Practice Statement (CPS)
This is a statement of the practices that a certificate authority (CA) employs in issuing certificates.
Cipher
Alternative term for an encryption algorithm.
Ciphertext
Text (or data) that has previously been encrypted.
CRL(Certificate Revocation List)
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