| ? 1, ? 2, ? 3 | principal stresses, tensile stress positive | |
| ? ij | stress tensor | |
| S ij | stress deviator tensor | |
| ? | normal stress | |
| ? | shear stress | |
| p = ? I 1 | hydrostatic pressure or spherical stress | |
| ? oct = ? I 1 | octahedral normal stress | |
| ? oct = ?? J 2 | octahedral shear stress | |
| ? m = ? oct | mean normal stress | |
| ? m = ?? J 2 | mean shear stress | |
| S 1, S 2, S 3 | principal stress deviators | |
| ? 1, ? 2, ? 3 | principal strains, tensile strain positive | |
| ? ij | strain tensor | |
| e ij | strain deviator tensor | |
| ? | normal strain | |
| ? | engineering shear strain | |
| ? ? = I ? 1 | volumetric strain | |
| ? oct = ? I ? 1 | octahedral normal strain | |
| ? oct = 2 ?? J ? 2 | octahedral engineering shear strain | |
| e 1, e 2, e 3 | principal strain deviators |
| I 1 | = ? 1 + ? 2 + ? 3 = ? ii | = first invariant of stress tensor |
| J 2 | = | Sij Sij |
| = | ? [ ? x ? ? y) 2 + ( ? y ? ? z) 2 + ( ? z ? ? x) 2] + ? |
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