Technical Articles
Backer Hotwatt Inc. has published these technical articles:
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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It’s not an overstatement to say that lives depend on the work we do manufacturing heaters for OEMs in the medical device sector. Your standards are impeccable because positive patient outcomes...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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With a rapidly growing global medical device market, the demand for custom heaters—often in miniaturized form—is increasing as well. Within the $495 billion medical device market[i],...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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The simplest definition of an electric heater is any device that changes electrical energy into heat energy. But from that simple explanation, electric heaters explode into a myriad of types, sizes,...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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Heaters are an essential component for a wide variety of medical device applications. Surface, intravenous, and patient warming systems and devices provide critical temperature control of blood and...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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In the quest to find cleaner, more sustainable sources of energy, hydrogen fuel cell technology is a promising area. Hydrogen is present in water and nearly all living things. As a renewable source of...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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Determining the exact wattage you need for your heater can be frustrating. You may start with an assumption, “I need 500 watts,” and you have some sample heaters manufactured to test it...
(Temperature Sensing)
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As engineers push the design envelope smaller and smaller, generating the right amount of heat for confined spaces can be challenging. Micro-cartridge heaters are a great solution that pack a lot of...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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Cartridge heaters have insulated resistive heating elements that are encapsulated by a metal sheath. Insulation helps maximize the heat transfer rate as well as isolate the heating element from the...
(Engineering Services)
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Conversions for area and volume....
(Engineering Services)
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Table for converting diameter to circumference and area....
(Engineering Services)
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Inches to millimeter conversion table....
(Engineering Services)
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Diagrams, graphs, and formulas related to Ohm's law and wiring....
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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Table describing common properties of liquids, including density, average specific heat, and boiling point....
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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Table describing common properties of metals, including density, average specific heat, and thermal conductivity....
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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Table describing common properties of solids, including density, thermal conductivity, and melting point....
(Engineering Services)
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Current carrying capacity tables for various wires....
(Engineering Services)
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Pipe size and thread tables....
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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The following table of recommendations should only be used as a guide. The proper choice should be based upon your knowledge of the conditions which exist in each application....
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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The rates below are recommended watt densities for use with various materials. Safe values
vary with operating temperature, flow velocity, and heat transfer rates. In general,the higher
the material...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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Calculation page with charts....
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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The following formulae can be employed in determining wattage capacity required for different materials....
(Engineering Services)
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Wire gauge size tables....
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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Massachusetts-based custom-heater manufacturer serving the rail industry creates an easy resource guide for rail transit companies—both in the freight and passenger rail segments. Backer Hotwatt...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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Backer Hotwatt is on the leading edge of the rapidly emerging hydrogen fuel cell technology market. Our broad technology, experience, and deep bench of knowledgeable engineers enable us to design...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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If you’re responsible for validating or specifying electric heaters in your system, performance starts long before the first test. The reality: it starts with early alignment between your...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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For many applications, small form factor heating elements can make or break the overall performance and reliability of the product or component being produced. Small form factor heating elements are...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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The electrification of the HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) industry is a growing trend as the world transitions toward cleaner, more sustainable energy sources. This shift involves...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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When people think about HVAC performance, they often focus on large, visible components like compressors, air handlers, or control systems. But some of the most important contributors to efficiency...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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In recent years, the semiconductor industry has faced numerous challenges, from supply chain disruptions to increased global competition. The introduction of the CHIPS Act (Creating Helpful Incentives...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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Advancements in photonics have driven the adoption of laser technologies in everything from military, aerospace, semiconductor and electronics, healthcare, medical life sciences, automotive, and...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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Consider this your comprehensive guide to heaters used in the plastics packaging industry, where precision meets efficiency to deliver optimal performance in packaging processes. From heat sealers to...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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For over a half-century, Backer Hotwatt has been working with engineers from the most important semiconductor and electronics assembly companies in the world. Precision heating, tight tolerances, and...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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The scientific instruments market—characterized by the avid pursuit of precision, accuracy, and performance—is one of the most rapidly growing market segments. A SkyQuest report states...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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A well-designed thermal system enables you to achieve precise temperature control, enhance your process, reduce energy loss, and maximize performance. As with any tool, the results you obtain depend...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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Cartridge heaters are essential components in various OEM industrial processes. Low-, medium-, and high-watt density heaters provide an efficient, reliable heat source for dies, platens, and a variety...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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Laboratories and field teams are no longer satisfied with heavy, single-purpose devices. Today’s customers want smaller, faster, and smarter instruments that can operate with minimal human...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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Accurate scientific results depend on more than instrumentation alone—precise thermal control is the backbone of reliable experimentation. Across laboratories and research facilities, new...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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There are many moving parts when it comes to keeping trains running safely and reliably 24/7. Rail switches—and the movable rails they control—and switch points must be kept free and clear...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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Railroads and rail transit systems need to keep the trains running 24/7. This requires that the rail switches and the movable rail they control—switch points—be kept free and clear of ice...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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With global demand for medical devices expected to grow from over $495 billion in 2022 to nearly $719 billion by 2029[i], the demand for precise, high-performing heaters across a wide range of...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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Mass spectrometry (MS) is a powerful analytical technique used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. MS is employed in a variety of fields, ranging from biochemistry and pharmaceutical research...
(Industrial Heaters and Heating Elements)
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As winter approaches, the looming threat of severe weather—ice, snow, and fluctuating temperatures—can significantly affect the safety and effectiveness of rail transit operations, posing...