What is Pyrolytic Graphite?
Pyroid® pyrolytic graphite (PG) is a "five-nine" purity, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), carbon product grown atom-by-atom (i.e. nano) offering unique thermal, electrical and chemical properties including superior EMI performance.

Pyrolytic graphite is oftentimes used in applications where extreme temperature, even up to 6000°F (3300°C) and corrosive environments exist.  It conducts heat across its (a-b) planar surface better than copper and insulates like a ceramic in the (c) thickness direction.

The material offers erosion resistance in high energy fields and to chemical erosion in fluorine-based, and other dopant gases found in plasma, semi-conductor etching, and ion implantation processes.  

We supply PG in plate form and also free standing "as deposited" shapes.   Shapes can be manufactured in the form of cylindrical tubes, spherical domes, rods, cones, and other intricate geometries.  

In addition, we are also the leading supplier of a freestanding Pyroid ® pyrolytic graphite films (2-75µm thickness) for use in medical radioisotope manufacturing as well as high energy physics research. 

With its unique thermal and electrical characteristics, Pyroid ® pyrolytic graphite is used by industries facing problem applications resulting from excessively high temperature, stress, corrosion, and friction, requiring a lightweight material solution.

Technical Data

• Pyroid® pyrolytic graphite is markedly different from polycrystalline graphite and is in a specialty category. The absence of granular components and the unique structures of CVD deposited PG, yields components that achieve dropout rates well below 10 per wafer—far below commercial graphite, and approaching that of silicon. In addition to having the lowest erosion rate of any material known, the size of the particulates generated is <0.1 µm and dropout distribution is uniform.

• PG offers the lowest know erosion of any material in ion sputtering applications.  This low erosion increases part lifetime, approaching several hundred hours in plasma devices, and is , economically beneficial providing total cost solutions and enhanced productivity in ion grids used in semiconductor implantation and other etching processes.

• PG is stable at high temperatures (2200°C).

• PG approaches carbon's theoretical density of 2.25 g/ and hence is essentially non-porous resulting in no outgassing of contaminants and is very stable in the more chemically active etching plasma applications, employing carbons and nitrogen trifluoride, that attack silicon.

• PG has excellent thermal conductivity, exceeding copper in the a-b direction, In an annealed state a version know as Pyroid ® HT offers  4X the thermal conduction of copper (1700 W/m°K) and 8X that of aluminum,  We are able to selectively bond the planes through special fixturing to take maximum advantage of its directional conductivity. In this it is an excellent material in electronic thermal management applications, including lids, heat heat sinks.

Pyrogenics has an AS-9100, CNC equipped machine shop and access to laser machining to fabricate complex shapes, critical dimensions and hole patterns. We also offer a special surface treatment process after parts are machined to virtually eliminate particulate debris from the parts.

Technical Papers

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About Minteq
Minteq, the premier supplier of engineered refractory lining systems, manufactures monolithic refractories for the iron, steel, non-ferrous metals, minerals processing and glass markets. Combined with our application systems and measurement innovations, Minteq products and systems help manufacturers increase productivity and lower overall costs. Minteq offers comprehensive, customized, and integrated refractory systems that include superior monolithic products, proprietary application equipment, patented laser measurement devices, and the extensive experience and expertise of our service teams.

Minteq refractory materials, systems and technologies lead the industry because of our significant commitment to research and development. The resulting innovations are the keys to our success and to our customers' success. We provide turnkey solutions to help you increase productivity enhance yields, reduce downtime, and lower overall costs.

Minteq has the expertise to design, install and maintain a customized solution for your unique challenge. We welcome the opportunity to consult with you and uncover methods for improving your productivity, creating value, and lowering overall costs to enhance your competitiveness in the global marketplace