Industrial Computers and Embedded Systems Reference Materials
Technical Articles
Reference Articles 501 - 600 of 605
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Matching Embedded PC Boards to Medical Applications
From: Micro/sys, Inc.Description: With increasing pressures to both reduce the time to market and increase the number of features in their latest models, many medical equipment manufacturers are turning to off-the-shelf PC boards in ...
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Migrating a DOS-Based Application to Linux: A Digital I/O Example
From: Micro/sys, Inc.Description: This article guides the reader through the process of migrating a DOS-based application to Linux. A simple example program is provided which demonstrates key concepts for direct I/O port access in ...
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PC/104 Eases Transition to Wireless
From: Micro/sys, Inc.Description: One of the main problems with designing embedded computer systems in the rapid advancement of technology and its effect on the features that are desired or required in a system. In some systems, ...
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PC/104 Technology Expands to Embrace ARM Processors
From: Micro/sys, Inc.Description: Although the x86 processor is by far the most popular CPU to be used on PC/104 boards, recent industry trends toward smaller, lower power devices have made the PC/104 platform an attractive choice for ...
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Redesigning OEM Products Using PC/104 Computers
From: Micro/sys, Inc.Description: Intel, Motorola, AMD and others continue to ship truckloads of low-end 16-bit CPU devices to OEM companies who use these devices to provide internal automation to their products. Quantities are even ...
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The Effect of Power Failure on Disk Reliability
From: Micro/sys, Inc.Description: When using a disk drive, whether it is a flash disk or a rotating media disk, there may be repercussions due to a power failure during a disk write. The FAT file system is the prevalent standard ...
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KeeLoQ HCS30X, HCS200 Stand-Alone Programmer
Description: This application note describes how to implement a KEELOQ stand-alone programmer using a Microchip PIC16F84A microcontroller. The PIC16F84A is a FLASH microcontroller with 64 bytes of internal EEPROM ...
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An Integrated Fan Speed Control Solution Can Lower System Costs, Reduce Acoustic Noise, Power Consumption and Enhance System Reliability
Description: Less than six years ago, thermal cooling in the electronics arena was mainly an issue for highperformance, high-end applications, such as, military, aerospace and large-scale industrial and medical ...
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Auto-calibration of the PIC12F6XX Internal RC Oscillator to ± 1%
Description: This application note describes a technique used to calibrate the internal oscillator on the PIC12F6XX devices. This technique allows the internal oscillator to be calibrated within ± 1%. See the test ...
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Bit Banged LIN Slave Node for PIC16 & PIC18
Description: The Local Interconnect Network (LIN), as described in the LIN v1.2 specification, is a multi-layered system. The levels vary from the physical interface up to the high level application. This ...
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Designing an FCC Approved ASK rfPIC™ Transmitter
Description: This application note describes the design of a Federal Communications Commission (FCC) compliant board layout to give new radio frequency (RF) designers a head start using rfPIC transmitters such as ...
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Driving the Analog Inputs of a SAR A/D Converter
Description: Driving any A/D Converter (ADC) can be challenging if all issues and trade-offs are not well understood from the beginning. With Successive Approximation Register (SAR) ADCs, the sampling speed and ...
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Implementing a LIN Slave Node on a PIC16F73
Description: This application note presents a LIN slave driver for the PIC16F73 using the standard hardware USART. There are many details to this firmware design; however, this application note focuses mainly on ...
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Implementing a LIN Slave Node on a PIC18F1320
Description: This application note presents a LIN slave driver for the PIC18F1320 using the Enhanced USART (EAUSART) module. There are many details to this firmware design; however, this application note focuses ...
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Intelligent Thermal Management Using Brushless DC Fans
Description: The brushless DC fan (BDC Fan) has become the air mover of choice in computing equipment, office automation products, home entertainment systems, and the like. Unlike conventional DC fans, the BDC fan ...
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Low Frequency Magnetic Transmitter Design
Description: Low frequency magnetic communications (LFMC) is a viable ?wireless? communications alternative to traditional radio frequency (RF) or Infrared communications. It is well suited for certain ...
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Redundant Fan Systems Using the TC647 Fan Manager
Description: Certain applications, such as file servers, require redundant cooling fans to ensure uninterrupted system service, even with cooling fan malfunctions present. Typically, such systems have a primary ...
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Remote Keyless Entry and Convenience Center Reference Design with LIN Bus Interface
Description: This Application Note describes the working of a KEELOQ® code hopping decoder implemented on a Microchip mid-range MCU (PIC16F873). The software implements a stand-alone decoder integrated with a ...
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rfPIC12F675 Transmitter Module
Description: The rfPIC12F675 is a low cost, high performance UHF short-range radio ASK transmitter design using Microchip?s rfPIC12F675K for 315 MHz and rfPIC12F675F for 433.92 MHz. The module design is suitable ...
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rfRXD0420 ASK Receiver Reference Design
Description: This application note describes a low cost, high performance UHF short-range radio ASK receiver design using the Microchip Technology rfRXD0420. The reference design is suitable for: * Wireless remote ...
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rfRXD0420 Receiver Module
Description: The rfRXD0420 Receiver Module (see Figure 1) is a low cost, high performance UHF short-range radio ASK receiver design using the Microchip Technology The module design is suitable for: ? Wireless ...
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The RS-232/DALI Bridge Interface
Description: The Digitally Addressable Lighting Interface (DALI) has emerged as a standard in Europe to address growing power issues. DALI is known as Annex E of the European electronic ballast standard EN60929 ...
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Using the TC1264 for Single-Ended SCSI Active Termination
Description: SCSI (Small Computer Interface) is a bi-directional parallel peripheral bus used in computer systems of all sizes. It is used for computer interface with peripherals such as printers, scanners, ...
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A PC-Based Development Programmer for the PIC16C84
Description: This application note describes the construction of a low cost serial programmer which uses a PC with a parallel (Centronix printer) port to control a PIC16C84. This programmer has the capability of ...
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Digital Signal Processing with the PIC16C74
Description: This application note describes the basic issues that need to be addressed in order to implement digital signal processing systems using the PIC16C74 and provides application code modules and examples ...
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Interfacing Motorola 68HC11 to Microchip's SPI Serial EEPROM
Description: There are many different microcontrollers on the market today that are being used in embedded control applications. Many of these embedded control systems need non-volatile memory. Because of their ...
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Interfacing the 8051 with 2-wire Serial EEPROMs
Description: Many designers today are implementing embedded systems that require low cost non-volatile memory. Microchip has addressed this need with a full line of serial EEPROMs, in a variety of memory ...
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Secure Learning RKE Systems Using Encoders
Description: Learning capability in remote keyless entry (RKE) and remote-controlled security systems is regarded as essential by most manufacturers. The logistical problems associated with the supply of ...
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Air Flow Control Using Fuzzy Logic
Description: Fuzzy logic control can be used to implement a wide variety of intelligent functions including everything from consumer electronic goods and household appliances to auto electronics, process control, ...
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Basic Serial EEPROM Operation
Description: Looking for the optimum non-volatile memory product for your system that requires a small footprint, byte level flexibility, low power, and is highly cost effective? Serial EEPROM technology is one of ...
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Basic Serial EEPROM Operation
Description: Looking for the optimum non-volatile memory product for your system that requires a small footprint, byte level flexibility, low power, and is highly cost effective? Serial EEPROM technology is one of ...
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Floating Point Routines
Description: This application note presents implementations of the following math routines for the Microchip PICmicro microcontroller family: square root function, exponential function, base 10 exponential ...
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Frequency and Resolution Options for PWM Outputs
Description: The PIC17C42 is equipped with two high frequency Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) outputs. In a pulse width modulated signal the period of the signal is (usually) kept fixed, while the duty cycle is ...
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Implementing Wake-Up on Keystroke
Description: In certain applications, the PIC16CXXX is exercised only when a key is pressed, (e.g., remote keyless entry). In such applications, the battery life can be extended by putting the PIC16CXXX to sleep ...
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Implementing Wake-Up on Keystroke
Description: In certain applications, the PIC16CXXX is exercised only when a key is pressed, (e.g., remote keyless entry). In such applications, the battery life can be extended by putting the PIC16CXXX to sleep ...
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Intelligent Remote Positioner
Description: The excellent cost/performance ratio of the PIC16C5X makes it well suited as a low-cost proportional D.C. actuator controller. This application note depicts a design for a remote intelligent ...
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KEELOQ® Simple Code Hopping Decoder
Description: This application note fully describes the working of a code hopping decoder implemented on a Microchip PIC16C54 microcontroller. The PIC16C54 is smaller than the PIC16C56 used in the normal decoder ...
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Tone Generation
Description: A general purpose resonator routine is implemented using a PIC17C42. This routine is used to generate multiple tones. A tone signal is normally generated using extensive table lookup schemes.When a ...
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Using the 24LC21 Dual Mode Serial EEPROM
Description: The Microchip Technology Inc. 24LC21 is a 1K-bit (128 x 8) dual mode serial EEPROM that was developed primarily for use in computer monitors. This part was developed with inputs from several computer ...
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An Introduction to USB Descriptors with a Game Port to USB Game Pad Translator Example
Description: This Technical Brief demonstrates the translation of a game port game pad to a USB game pad using the PIC16C765, Microchip's low-speed USB PICmicro® microcontroller (MCU). The purpose of this ...
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An SNMP Agent for the Microchip TCP/IP Stack
Description: Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an Internet protocol that was originally designed to manage different network devices, such as file servers, hubs, routers and so on. It can also be used ...
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Demonstrating the Set_Report Request With a PS/2® to USB Keyboard Translator Example
Description: The Set_Report request is a HID specific command. It was the only provision in Version 1.0 of the USB specification that could send data from the host to a peripheral. This later changed with Version ...
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Demonstrating the Soft Detach Function With a PS/2® to USB Translator Example
Description: This Technical Brief describes the creation of a USB device that can enumerate as a mouse or as a keyboard, depending on which PS/2® peripheral is plugged into it. The Soft Detach provision of ...
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FLASH Memory Technology: Considerations for Application Design
Description: Many times, choosing a FLASH memory device is driven by which manufacturer has the cheapest offering. Regardless of its use as a stand-alone device or as the program memory of a microcontroller, what ...
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Programming the Palm OS™ for Embedded IR Applications
Description: This application note strives to impart core, fundamental programming concepts and design considerations for the development of Palm OS® application programs. Attention is given to each of the ...
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Upgrading from the MCP2510 to the MCP2515
Description: The MCP2510 stand-alone CAN controller was originally developed to give CAN system and module designers more flexibility in their design by allowing them to choose the best processor for their ...
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Using the MCP2120 Developer's Board for "IR Sniffing"
Description: When developing applications using a network protocol standard, it is helpful to "see" the data being transmitted between the devices. When the network protocol standard uses a physical medium, a ...
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Migrating Applications to USB from RS-232 UART with Minimal Impact on PC Software
Description: The RS-232 serial interface is no longer a common port found on a personal computer (PC). This is a problem because many embedded applications use the RS-232 interface to communicate with external ...
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Interfacing I2C Serial EEPROMS to PIC10 and PIC12 Devices
Description: The 24LCXXB Serial EEPROMS from Microchip Technology are I2C compatible and support both the standard100 kHz and the 400 kHz Fast mode. Many times when designing an application which utilizes a serial ...
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Interfacing I2C Serial EEPROMs to PICmicro Microcontrollers
Description: The 24LCXXB Serial EEPROMs from Microchip Technology are I2C compatible and support both the standard 100 kHz and the 400 kHz Fast mode. Many times when designing an application which utilizes a ...
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PIC16CR ROM Code Submission
Description: Microchip Technology is now offering a number of established Flash devices in a ROM version for high volume customers. This application note details some of the differences between the Flash and the ...
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PICSTART-16B1 User's Guide
Description: PICSTART-16B1 is a DOS-based device programmer that interfaces with a PC host to provide product developers with the ability to program user software into the PIC16C5X, PIC16C61, PIC16C71 and PIC16C84 ...
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Programming Baseline Flash Devices with PICkit™ 1
Description: The PICkit 1 Baseline Flash Programmer PC application together with the PICkit 1 Flash Starter Kit firmware version 2.0.0 or later can program baseline Flash devices. This Technical Brief discusses ...
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Using the C18 Compiler and the MSSP to Interface I2C™ EEPROMs with PIC18 Devices
Description: The 24XXX series serial EEPROMs from Microchip Technology are I2C™ compatible and have maximum clock frequencies ranging from 100 kHz to 1 MHz. The MSSP module available on many PICmicro® ...
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Using the C18 Compiler and the MSSP to Interface SPI™ EEPROMs with PIC18 Devices
Description: The 25XXX series serial EEPROMs from Microchip Technology are SPI™ compatible and have maximum clock frequencies ranging from 3 MHz to 20 MHz. The MSSP module available on many PICmicro® ...
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Using the C18 Compiler to Interface I2C™ Serial EEPROMs with PIC18 Devices
Description: The 24XXXX series serial EEPROMs from Microchip Technology are I2C™ compatible and feature maximum clock frequencies ranging from 100 kHz up to 1 MHz. Many times when designing an application ...
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Using the C18 Compiler to Interface Microwire Serial EEPROMs to PIC18 Devices
Description: There are many different microcontrollers on the market today that are being used in embedded control applications. Many of these embedded control systems need nonvolatile memory. Because of their ...
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Using the EUSART on the PIC16F688
Description: This application note will explain how to use the Enhanced Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (EUSART) in Asynchronous (full-duplex) mode, capable of auto-wake-up on character reception and ...
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Using the MSSP Module to Interface I2C™ Serial EEPROMs with PIC18 Devices
Description: The purpose of the firmware is to show how to generate specific I2C transactions using the MSSP module on a PICmicro microcontroller. The configuration required for I2C Master mode is explained, as ...
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Recommended Usage of Microchip Microwire Serial EEPROM Devices
Description: The majority of embedded control systems require nonvolatile memory. Because of their small footprint, byte level flexibility, low I/O pin requirement, low-power consumption, and low cost, serial ...
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Recommended Usage of Microchip SPI Serial EEPROM Devices
Description: The majority of embedded control systems require nonvolatile memory. Because of their small footprint, byte level flexibility, low I/O pin requirement, low-power consumption and low cost, serial ...
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Unique Features for the MCP23X08/17 GPIO Expanders
Description: GPIO expanders provide easy I/O expansion using standard serial interfaces. GPIO products are used to increase the I/O on an MCU or provide remote I/O using a serial interface. This application note ...
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Using a USB Flash Drive with an Embedded Host
Description: AN1145 Using a USB Flash Drive with an Embedded Host THE DATA LOGGER APPLICATION Author: Kim Otten Microchip Technology Inc. This application stores two types of data: * Low data rate monitoring. This ...
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Using the CCP Module(s)
Description: This application note discusses the operation of a Capture/Compare/PWM (CCP) module, and the interaction of multiple CCP modules with the timer resources. The (CCP) module is software programmable to ...
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EMC in Machinery Engineering
From: Schaffner EMC Inc.Description: In the past, there had not been any standards laid down for the area of industrial machinery engineering; the result of this was that EMC filters at the mains input of machines were used only to a ...
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Eliminate the Risk of RS-485 Data Corruption
From: Sealevel Systems, Inc.Description: The RS-485 communications standard was introduced in 1983 by the Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) as a two-wire, half-duplex, multi-drop alternative to the point-to-point RS-232 interface. (Note: ...
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Impact of Architecture on Performance of USB to Serial Adapters
From: Sealevel Systems, Inc.Description: "We were stunned at the performance difference between brands of multiport USB to serial adapters." Design architecture is the critical element. ...
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Antiglare vs Antireflection
Description: Two terms used to talk about the impact of ambient lighting on displays are reflection and glare. The reduction of these is done using surface treatments for the display which are termed ...
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GenFlective™ Technology
Description: As more and more flat panel displays (LCD, OLED, Plasma) find their way into outdoor applications, the need becomes far greater for them to not only be able to withstand severe temperature extremes ...
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Gloss Standards and Measurement
Description: Gloss is defined as the degree to which a surface exhibits specular reflectance. This means that it is a measure of the image forming ability of a surface. In the case of glass or plastic sheets used ...
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Moisture Control in LCDs, OLEDs and Plasma Displays
Description: Many applications of displays involve installation in environments having a high humidity level. Of specific importance in this regard is the marine environment. In this application, an LCD, OLED or ...
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Optical Bonding of LCDs, OLEDs and Plasma Displays
Description: Optical Bonding is the affixing of two optical elements to one another, using a liquid adhesive. In this way, we differentiate bonding from lamination. By lamination, we are referring to the affixing ...
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Optical Enhancement Tutorial
Description: Light emitting displays, including CRT, LED, OLED, LCD, Plasma and other technologies, all suffer from a visibility problem when used under conditions which include high ambient lighting levels. ...
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Reflections on Reflections
Description: The term reflection actually encompasses three entirely different types of optical phenomena. These three kinds of reflection are specular reflection (like a mirror), diffuse reflection (often called ...
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Manufacturing Application: Monitoring and Controlling Die Casting Press
From: CAS DataLoggersDescription: Die cast presses use hydraulic systems to force molten metal into a die to form intricately shaped parts that require little final machining for engine components, transmissions and other parts. ...
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Customer Spotlight - Relio™ Emergency Alert & Notification
From: Sealevel Systems, Inc.Description: A leading supplier of emergency notification systems used by private and governmental entities, nuclear plants, and chemical stockpile (CSEPP) sites around the country contracted Sealevel to design a ...
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Customer Spotlight - Relio™ Emergency Communications
From: Sealevel Systems, Inc.Description: A world leading developer and manufacturer of critical two-way radio communications system used by public safety and government organization such as police and fire departments needed an ...
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Customer Spotlight - Relio™ Facility Management
From: Sealevel Systems, Inc.Description: The first Relio system was designed as a remote data acquisition component of an OEM Enterprise Management System. Vital systems and infrastructures require constant monitoring and vigilant management ...
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Customer Spotlight - Relio™ Public Security Systems
From: Sealevel Systems, Inc.Description: A manufacturer of security systems for public facilities required a 2U rackmount computer with a large amount of I/O to interface a variety of motors and sensors. The new system based on the Relio ...
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Customer Spotlight - Relio™ Radio Transmission Supervisory System
From: Sealevel Systems, Inc.Description: A leading radio broadcasting company required a reliable, small, cost-effective solution for monitoring and control at transmitter sites. In addition to the dense I/O requirements, the customer ...
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Cell Architecture Advantages for Computationally Intensive Applications
From: Mercury Systems, Inc.
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Managed Air Cooling for PowerStream 7000 RapidIO-Based Multicomputers
From: Mercury Systems, Inc.
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MultiCore Framework: An API for Programming Heterogenous Multicore Processors
From: Mercury Systems, Inc.
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Parallel 64K Complex FFT Algorithm for the IBM/Sony/Toshiba Cell Broadband Engine Processor
From: Mercury Systems, Inc.
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Performance and Programmability of the IBM/Sony/Toshiba Cell Broadband Engine Processor
From: Mercury Systems, Inc.
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RapidIO Technology Solves the Communications Fabric Conundrum
From: Mercury Systems, Inc.
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RapidIO: Embedded System Component Network Architecture
From: Mercury Systems, Inc.
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Space Time Adaptive Processing Estimates for IBM/Sony/Toshiba Cell Broadband Engine Processor
From: Mercury Systems, Inc.
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Technology Overview: VITA 41 (VXS)
From: Mercury Systems, Inc.
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Technology Overview: VITA 46 (VPX)
From: Mercury Systems, Inc.
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VITA-Based Framework for Ruggedized COTS Electronics with Emphasis on Liquid Cooling - VITA 48 (REDI)
From: Mercury Systems, Inc.
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Performance Data - Clamping Force
From: BirtcherDescription: The total clamping force and the force distribution along the guide is an important consideration when selecting the proper guide. Figure 1. shows the clamping force (perpendicular to guides long ...
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Controlling a Tank Filling Operation With Two Liquids for a Food Processor
From: Laurel Electronics LLCDescription: A large Midwest food processor needed a low-cost and reliable solution to accurately control the batches of oil and water pumped into mixing tanks for the manufacture of corn chips and potato chips. ...
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Is VXS Ready for Prime Time?
Description: There has been considerable progress this year in the VITA 41 VXS (VME Switched Serial) arena, but is VXS to the point that OEMs and system integrators can actually use it in their next-generation ...
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Automotive Industry: BMW
From: Printronix, Inc.
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Automotive Industry: Korea
From: Printronix, Inc.
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Boots The Chemists
From: Printronix, Inc.
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Certified Grocers of California Ltd.
From: Printronix, Inc.
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Fortune 500 Retailer
From: Printronix, Inc.
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Frequently Asked Customer Questions: PrintNet Enterprise Questions
From: Printronix, Inc.