Aircraft Engineering Principles

Chapter 3: Further Mathematics

As mentioned in the introduction of Chapter 2, there is a need to extend the mathematics you have already learnt, so that you are fully prepared for the physics and electrical principles modules (Chapters 4 and 5, respectively) that follow. In addition the study of this chapter will act as a foundation for the study of mathematics you are likely to meet in any future higher education programs, such as the Foundation Degree (FD) and/or B.Eng.(Hons) degree in aircraft maintenance engineering or related engineering fields.

This chapter will include further study of some algebraic topics, additional trigonometry and an introduction to statistical methods. Finally, we take a brief look at the nature and use of the calculus. Throughout your study of further mathematics, the use of a calculator will be assumed.

3.1 Further Algebra

3.1.1 Transposition and evaluation of more complex formulae and equations

So far we have been transposing relatively simple formulae, where the order in which we carried out the operations was reasonably obvious. With more complex formulae and equations, you may have doubts about the order of operations. If you are in any doubt, the following sequence should be followed:

  1. remove root signs, fractions and brackets (in an order which suits the particular problem);

  2. rearrange the formula for the subject, following the arithmetic operations;

  3. collect all terms on one side of the equation that contain the subject;

  4. take out the subject as a common factor if necessary;

  5. divide through by...

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