Dictionary of Information Security

K

Kerberos

single sign-on system that uses symmetric key encryption via a ticket-oriented mechanism

key

data used in cryptosystems to perform encryption. Sometimes called a cryptovariable.

key length

since most modern encryption algorithms are mathematically based, the length of keys is a major determining element in the strength of an algorithm, or the work factor involved in breaking a cryptographic system. See also key space.

key management

process of handling and controlling cryptographic keys and related material (such as intialization values) during their life cycle in a cryptographic system, including ordering, generating, distributing, storing, loading, escrowing, archiving, auditing, and destroying the material.

key pair

in an asymmetric encryption system, a private, or confidential, key and its (mathematically) related public key. See also private key and public key.

key space

range of possible values of a cryptographic key, or the number of distinct transformations supported by a particular cryptographic algorithm. Key space is actually a better determinant of cryptographic strength than simple key length.

keyed hash

cryptographic hash or digest in which the mapping to a hash result is varied by a second input parameter that is a cryptographic key. If the input data object is changed, a new hash result cannot be correctly computed without knowledge of the secret key. Thus, the secret key protects the hash result so it can be used as a checksum even when there is a threat of an...

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