TABLE OF CONTENTS The most commonly used piping components and the dimensional standards are as follows:
| Type of Component | Function | Butt-Weld Ends | Threaded-Socket-Weld Ends | Held between Flanges |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 90 long radius (LR) elbow | Change direction | ASME B16.9 (1/2-48 in.) | ASME B16.11 (1/2-4 in.) | Not applicable |
| 90 short radius (SR) elbow | Change direction | ASME B16.28 (1/2-48 in.) | Not applicable | Not applicable |
| 45 Elbow | Change direction | ASME B16.9 (1/2-48 in.) | ASME B16.11 (1/2-4 in.) | Not applicable |
| 180 return | Change direction | ASME B16.9 (1/2-48 in.) | Not applicable | Not applicable |
| Equal tee | Change direction | ASME B16.9 (1/2-48 in.) | ASME B16.11 (1/2-4 in.) | Not applicable |
| Reducing tee | Change direction and size | ASME B16.9 (1/2-48 in.) | ASME B16.11(1/2-4 in.) | Not applicable |
| Reinforced branch (O'let) | Change direction and size | Manufacturer's standard | Manufacturer's standard | Not applicable |
| Eccentric reducer | Change size | ASME B16.9 (1/2-48 in.) | ASME B16.11 (1/2-4 in.) | Not applicable |
| Concentric reducer | Change size | ASME B16.9 (1/2-48 in.) | ASME B16.11 (1/2-4 in.) | Not applicable |
| Flanges | Join pipe and components | ASME B16.5 (1/2-48 in.) | ASME B16.5 (1/2-24 in.) | Not applicable |
| Flanges | Join pipe and components | ASME B16.47 (26-60 in.) | Not applicable | Not applicable |
| Couplings | Join pipe and components | Not applicable | ASME B16.11 (1/2-4 in.) | Not applicable |
| Unions | Join pipe and components | Not applicable | BS 3799 | Not applicable |
| Spectacle blinds, spades and spacers | Isolation | Not applicable | Not applicable | API 590 or company's standards |
Each piping component type also has one or more methods of being connected to pipe or another component. The end connection chosen can be selected...
