TABLE OF CONTENTS Simon Fafard [*]
Cyrium Technologies Inc., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
This chapter discusses quantum-confined semiconductor structures and their role in optoelectronic systems, with an emphasis on quantum dot nanostructures. We first start with an overview of quantum optoelectronic devices in the more traditional epitaxial systems, opening with a brief discussion of semiconductor lasers and other devices, and describe the impact and advantages of quantum confinement for these devices. The chapter will then focus on the science and technology of quantum dots and related devices, in particular Stranski-Kranstanow growth, self-assembling quantum dots, and the engineering of the quantum dots. We conclude with the challenges and the outlook of quantum dot optoelectronic devices.
Dimensional control, smoothness, and uniformity of epitaxial films have been the cornerstones in the development of two-dimensional quantum structures. They have enabled the engineering of many quantum structures and devices including quantum well heterostructures, high mobility two dimensional electron gas, and resonant tunneling devices. These devices have changed our every-day life because of their common use in our telecommunication systems and in the optoelectronic technologies we use regularly (for example, CD and DVD players/recorders).
The use of optical fibers to carry information has revolutionized the world's telecommunications. In particular, the past 10 years have generated numerous technological advancements. Optical bits are now transported at rates of 10 Gbit/s and higher between buildings (Enterprise Networks, Storage Area Networks), within...
