TABLE OF CONTENTS This chapter discusses routing, which is simply the processes that get traffic to its destination using network addresses such as IP. Specialized intermediaries called routers make this movement of traffic from its origin to its destination possible. Routing protocols enable routers to gather and exchange the information needed to build the necessary tables containing path information to reachable destinations.
Routing protocols for IP are the main focus of this chapter. We will cover the routing protocol concepts and terminology. We will also cover the various routing mechanisms used, including static and dynamic techniques.
Classless Interdomain Routing (CIDR)
Router Information Protocol (RIP)
Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP)
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS)
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
Dial-on-Demand Routing (DDR)
Before we get into the specifics of routing, we need to describe routing concepts and define terminology that will aid our discussion. It is important to distinguish between distance vector and link state routing protocols, for example. Understanding the terminology used to describe and classify routing aids the configuration of routing protocols such as RIP or BGP.
Administrative domain (AD) Routing involves logical boundaries that encompass the AD. An AD is a collection of networks and network devices (including and especially routers) that adhere to a common policy for routing, addressing, and interconnection. An AD is controlled by a single entity.
Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) Responsible for the routing within a single AD. It handles the passage...
