Thermodynamic Properties of Water and Refrigerants
This reference covers the various properties of water, such as specific volume, enthalpy, and entropy. These properties are listed in tables that can be downloaded for reference.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Thermodynamic Properties of Water and Refrigerants
Determining the Quality of Steam
In thermodynamics, the quality of steam is determined by two significant processes, isenthalpic and isentropic.
The Isenthalpic Process
In the isenthalpic process, enthalpy remains constant. As a result, the quality of steam is determined by equating the enthalpies before and after the process:
Enthalpy before the commencement of the process (h<sub1</sub>) = Enthalpy after the completion of the process (h<sub2</sub>)
Here, h 1 and h 2 depend on the pressure, temperature, and quality of steam. Generally, steam is superheated at the beginning of the process and wet after the completion of the process. In this case, the quality of steam, x, after the completion of the process can be determined by equating Equations 1.1 and 1.2:
For superheated steam, enthalpy is calculated using the following equation:
For wet steam, enthalpy is calculated using the following equation:
The Isentropic Process
In an isentropic process, entropy before the commencement of the process is calculated using the following equation:
h<sub1</sub> = Entropy after the completion of the process (h<sub2</sub>)
Here, h 1 and h 2 depend on the pressure, temperature, and quality of steam. Generally, steam is superheated at the beginning of the process and wet after the completion of the process. In this case, the quality of steam, x, after the completion of the process can be determined by equating Equations 1.3 and 1.4:
For superheated steam, entropy is calculated using the following equation:
For wet steam, entropy is calculated using the following...
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