Handbook of Complex Environmental Remediation Problems

1.2: INVESTIGATIVE METHODS

1.2 INVESTIGATIVE METHODS

"Every truth passes through three stages before it is recognized. In the first, it is ridiculed, in the second it is opposed, in the third it is regarded as self-evident." A. SCHOPENHAUER, 1788-1860

1.2.1 Introduction

This section will be dealing with investigative methods for aqueous groundwater, DNAPLs and LNAPLs. The aqueous groundwater portion will first discuss the investigative methods for the kinds of chemicals that are frequently targeted at contamination sites. The three major lists of compounds that are frequently investigated come from the three major pieces of legislation for the cleanup of water: the priority pollutant list (Clean Water Act), the target compound list (Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act-CERCLA), and the SW-846 analyte list (Resource Conservation and Recovery Act-RCRA). The list most often used for screening groundwater at contaminated sites is the Target Compound List and the Target Analyte List, TCL and TAL, respectively, will be discussed in Sec. 1.2.2. Section 1.2.3, covering the DNAPLs investigative methods, will focus on the pure-phase DNAPLs. Finally, Sec.1.2.4 will discuss investigative methods for LNAPLs.

1.2.2 Aqueous Groundwater

Prior to discussing investigative methods for groundwater, we first must define what kinds of compounds we are going to investigate. Table 1.1 shows the Target Compounds List (TCL/TAL), the priority pollutants, and SW-846 compounds. The most widely used list of investigative compounds today is the U.S. EPA TCL and TAL. The first list of compounds was the EPA Priority...

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