TABLE OF CONTENTS The standard IEEE terminology for antennas has been followed throughout this book with few exceptions. Detailed definitions and test procedures may be found in Ref. 1. Figure 3-1 is a diagram of the specific antenna conventions to be used. All of space is described by a Cartesian coordinate system of three planes X-Y, Y-Z, and X-Z, the X-Y plane being assumed horizontal to the Earth. The antenna is situated at the origin of the coordinates and, for the purpose of this discussion, may be considered to be a simple dipole parallel to and coincident with the Z axis and situated in the X-Z and Y-Z planes, causing its far-field radiation pattern to be directed from the angle ? measured from Z. A probe dipole at a fixed distance will, if made to trace all space from the origin, describe a sphere of radius r, one point of which is shown in the figure. The fields at this point consist of an electric field E ? and a perpendicular magnetic field H ?. Since the dipole lies in the Z direction, any measurement at a fixed point rotated about the Z axis will not change with ? but will change with ? since the E field is directive with ?, varying as the sin ? since there is no radiation along the axis of the simple dipole. If we...
