TABLE OF CONTENTS Hand tools
Contact-type test equipment
Noncontact-type test equipment
Simulators/process calibrators
Jumpers, switch boxes, and traps
While we can use our senses when we troubleshoot, we must also use tools and test equipment to determine information not directly available to the senses. A tool is any aid, equipment, or device used in troubleshooting. Sometimes it may be tempting to use channel locks, instead of the proper wrench that is back in the shop, or the wrong size or type of screwdriver. Resist the temptation. Use the proper tool. Using the wrong tool can create immediate problems, and it can make the life of the next person that has to troubleshoot the system (which might be you) more difficult. (The companies and model numbers of test equipment mentioned in this chapter do not represent recommendations, but rather are representative of a particular class of test equipment.)
Because troubleshooting often means working on energized circuits, it is necessary to use hand tools rated for the proper voltage. This is not a big issue when working on low voltage (<50VAC/VDC) circuits, but it becomes an issue when working on higher voltages, such as 120-, 208-, 240-, 277-, or 480VAC, or greater. Hand tools wrapped in insulating tape, though common, should never be used for voltages above 120VAC. Even at lesser voltages, a voltage-rated tool is always preferable. For voltages 120VAC and above, use tools rated to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) F1505 Standard, "Standard Specification for Insulated and...
