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Chapter 3: AC and DC Motors - DC Motors: Introduction
By Dave Polka
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From Motors and Drives
Introduction To truly understand the operating principles of an electronic drive, it is first necessary to understand basic direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) motor theory. As covered previously, the drive is the device that controls the motor. The drive and motor interact to provide the torque, speed, and horsepower necessary to operate the application. Slight differences occur between manufacturers when it comes to motor design, but the basic characteristics apply, no matter what motor is being controlled. Direct current motors have been the backbone of industrial applications, ever since the Industrial Revolution. This is due to the motor's high starting torque capability and smooth speed control, and its ability to quickly accelerate to speed in the opposite direction. Consult the Appendix when you need more information on an idea or term. You will also find helpful formulas and conversions related to both DC and AC motors.
© 2003 ISA
Products & Services
Motor speed controllers are electronic devices that control motor speed. They carry specifications for drive type, product classification, electrical ratings, and operating parameters.
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Learn more about Motor Speed Controllers
Motor contactors are relays with large current capacity for connecting and disconnecting a motor from the power supply. Typically, motor contractors are multi-pole for control of all current carrying conductors.
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Learn more about Motor Contactors
AC motors include single, multiphase, universal, induction, synchronous, and gear motors. They also include servomotors.
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Learn more about AC Motors
Frequency-to-current converters accept a frequency (an AC signal) and produce an output current whose value is a function of the input frequency.
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Learn more about Frequency-to-Current Converters
Magnetic drive pumps are sealless pumps that use a coaxial magnetic coupling to transmit torque to an impeller. A standard electric motor drives a set of permanent magnets that are mounted on a carrier or drive assembly.
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Learn more about Magnetic Drive Pumps
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Topics of Interest
Basic Components
Two basic circuits are in any DC motor: the armature (the device that rotates, sometimes referred to as a rotor) and the field (the stationary part, sometimes referred to as a stator...
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Introduction
Probably the easiest of drive technologies to understand is the direct current (DC) drive. This type of drive converts fixed-voltage and frequency alternating current (AC) to an...
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TYPES OF MOTORS
Alternating-Current Motors
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AC and DC motors are the two major types in use today that are related to the industrial and HVAC applications. These motors provide the speed, torque, and horsepower necessary to operate the...
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PERFORMANCE
Ac induction motors are designed to produce their rated power at a certain speed at a specific line voltage, line frequency, and ambient temperature. These motors will also operate at a...
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