Products/Services for Hem Sapphire Furnaces
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Furnaces (industrial) - (449 companies)Industrial furnaces are built of several kinds of high temperature (refractory) materials to hold the process material and hold in the heat without breaking down during the several months that they usually run. General specifications...ConfigurationAtmosphereController Type -
Laboratory Furnaces - (148 companies)Laboratory furnaces provide continuous heating to process samples and materials. They are generally built from high temperature (refractory) materials so that they can maintain high temperatures without breaking down. Often, laboratory furnaces... -
Furnace Controllers - (69 companies)Furnace controllers are used to control temperature, heat delivery, and other variables in industrial furnaces. They control the burner flame, air mixture and trim to maintain and optimize furnace performance. Furnace controllers are used to control... -
Heating Furnaces - (210 companies)Heating furnaces convert gas, oil, electricity or other fuels into heat for distribution within a structure. They are the central heating devices within HVAC systems. Heating furnaces convert gas, oil, electricity, or other fuels into heat... -
Vacuum Furnaces - (101 companies)Vacuum furnaces are heat-treating furnaces that use a low atmospheric pressure instead of a protective gas atmosphere. This helps to alleviate surface reactions. In vacuum furnaces the heat-treating process takes place inside an airtight vessel... -
Sapphire Materials and Components - (105 companies)How to Select Sapphire Materials and Components. Sapphire materials and sapphire components consist of a single-crystal or monocrystalline form of aluminum oxide (Al2O3). As ceramic materials, they have superior hardness, mechanical and optical...
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Ceramic Tube and Ceramic Rod Products - (184 companies)Impact runners. Troughs. Covers. Furnace roofs. Skimmer paddles. Materials Available. Alumina, a compound of aluminum metal and oxygen, is used in: Refractory tubes. Industrial crucibles. Analytical labware. Dielectric substrates. Wear components...
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Ultra-hard Materials Machining - (117 companies)Ultra-hard materials machining services fabricate components from ultra-hard materials such as glass, ceramics, sapphire, quartz, stainless steel, and titanium. Providers of ultra-hard materials machining services differ in terms of capabilities...
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Industrial Ceramic Materials - (411 companies)Industrial ceramic materials are non-metallic, inorganic compounds that include oxides, carbides, or nitrides. They have high melting points, low wear resistance, and a wide range of electrical properties.
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Igniters - (81 companies)Igniters are used to deliver ignition solutions to boilers, furnaces, burners, dryers, and other heat sources. Types of Igniters. There are several types of igniters. Examples include furnace igniters, forced heater igniters, igniters for pellet...
Product News
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Insaco, Inc.
Sapphire machining from Insaco methods allow the directed growth of shapes like ribbon, or even tubes, however there are many limitations to what can be done. The Czochralski, HEM, or Kiropolous methods allow the highest optical quality sapphire, but the result is a rod like "blob " of crystal called a boule, that must be entirely machined into usable shapes and sizes. Sapphire and Ruby are actually the same material with small amounts of chromium (typically <= 0.05% by weight) added which affects color and optical... (read more) -
Insaco, Inc.
The scratch resistance between sapphire and glass of the environment. Growers have developed several unique methods for growth, with varying levels of resultant quality, size, and cost. The EFG or Stephanov methods allow the directed growth of shapes like ribbon, or even tubes, however there are many limitations to what can be done. The Czochralski, HEM, or Kiropolous methods allow the highest optical quality sapphire, but the result is a rod like "blob " of crystal called a boule, that must be entirely machined into usable shapes and sizes. Sapphire and Ruby... (read more)Browse Sapphire Materials and Components Datasheets for Insaco, Inc. -
Insaco, Inc.
Sapphire...When Scratch Resistance is Imperative of the environment. Growers have developed several unique methods for growth, with varying levels of resultant quality, size, and cost. The EFG or Stephanov methods allow the directed growth of shapes like ribbon, or even tubes, however there are many limitations to what can be done. The Czochralski, HEM, or Kiropolous methods allow the highest optical quality sapphire, but the result is a rod like "blob " of crystal called a boule, that must be entirely machined into usable shapes and sizes... (read more) -
Harper International Corporation
Custom Laboratory Furnaces Harper International Corporation manufactures custom laboratory furnaces to match your specifications. (read more) -
Inductotherm Group
Vacuum Melting Furnaces requirements in vacuum furnace processes. Consarc has a wide range of advanced vacuum and controlled atmosphere furnace technologies for the processing of metals, specialty alloys, and engineered materials. Those vacuum furnace technologies include: Vacuum Arc Remelting Furnaces (VAR). Electroslag Remelting Furnaces (ESR). Vacuum Induction Melting furnaces. Vacuum Precision Investment Casting Furnaces (VPIC). Induction Skull Melting Furnaces (ISM). Induction Vacuum Ladle Furnaces (IVL). Vacuum... (read more)Browse Vacuum Furnaces Datasheets for Inductotherm Group -
Inductotherm Group
Inductotherm® Coreless Melting Furnaces From small capacity precision casting operations to the largest induction melting foundry, Inductotherm Group companies manufacture the furnace that is right for you. Heavy Steel Shell Furnaces: Our Heavy Steel Shell furnaces combine the exceptional strength of a rugged steel shell with easy accessibility. They are able to be used with our backslagging feature, push-out lining systems, weigh frames, pit guards and can be retrofitted with a variety of fume collectors and hoods to help you comply... (read more)Browse Furnaces (industrial) Datasheets for Inductotherm Group -
Inductotherm Group
Inductotherm Holding Furnaces Channel Furnace Holding Systems: Inductotherm 's channel furnace combines high productivity with economical operation and can provide you with a continuous supply of ready-to-pour metal 24 hours a day. You should select channel furnaces when high production operations need a large throughput of metal; few alloy changes are needed; and/or when you need the holding capacity to shift melting operations to take advantage of off-peak energy costs. Coreless Furnace Holding Systems: Inductotherm 's... (read more)Browse Furnaces (industrial) Datasheets for Inductotherm Group -
Inductotherm Group
Consarc Aluminum Brazing Furnaces Inductotherm Group companies manufacture Consarc aluminium brazing furnaces, featuring advanced vacuum pumping systems, temperature uniformity control, handling systems, forced cooling, and hot water systems. Applications Include: Aerospace heat exchangers and other components. Automotive radiators, evaporators, condensers and oil coolers. Research and development. Electronic cold plates. Microwave components. Cryogenic heat exchangers. Refrigeration exchangers. Compressor oil coolers. Handling... (read more)Browse Vacuum Furnaces Datasheets for Inductotherm Group -
Harper International Corporation
Custom Industrial Furnaces The design of a custom Harper furnace begins with understanding the customer's goals and utilizing our exceptional skilled engineering team to analyze their distinct process requirements. Harper works to devise a complete thermal solution with our range of offerings including gas treatment and handling and fully integrated control systems. Our experience in developing distinctive systems for every application covers calcination, graphitization, carburization, controlled oxidation, oxide... (read more)Browse Ovens (industrial) Datasheets for Harper International Corporation -
Harper International Corporation
Rotary Tube Furnaces Every Harper rotary tube furnace is designed for the customer's unique specifications. We bring innovative solutions to designs for continuous processing of advanced materials such as granular, powder, or particulate aggregates in high purity and specialty atmosphere environments at temperatures up to 3000 C, including gas, electric and microwave heated systems. Harper approaches the design of a rotary tube furnace as a complete system, with the ability to incorporate process control systems... (read more)Browse Furnaces (industrial) Datasheets for Harper International Corporation
More Information
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Growth of very large sapphire crystals for optical applications
Some of the features developed in HEM furnaces specifically related to sapphire crystal growth include helium cooled refractory metal heat exchanger, molybdenum crucibles, a graphite or carbonaceous heat zone with resistance heating and a furnace design that allows operation up to 2200°C …
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Increasing the strength of sapphire by heat treatments
HEM sapphire is grown in a graphite resistance furnace under vacuum, resulting in a crystal with slight oxygen deficiencies due to the reducing atmosphere.
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Growth of 15-inch diameter sapphire boules
Schematic of HEM furnace used to grow world’s largest sapphire boules.
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High-temperature compression and ring-on-ring testing of sapphire
HEM sapphire is grown in a vacuum using a graphite resistance furnace having a reducing atmosphere that results in a crystal with slight oxygen deficiencies.
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3D simulation of the effects of growth parameters on the growth of sapphire crystals using heat exchanger method
Using the environmental temperature gradient inside the furnace is a good way to solve the anisotropic problems of the HEM sapphire crystal growth.
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Materials for Infrared Windows and Domes: Properties and Performance
Although the crystal quality of EFG sapphire is good, it is not as good as that of HEM sapphire , which is grown much more slowly and annealed in situ prior to removing the boule from the furnace .
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Crystal growth of sapphire for substrates for high‐brightness, light emitting diodes
The use of graphite hot zone components in the GTAT HEM system, the STC VHGF system and the Bridgman furnaces under development by Miyagawa, et al. reveals a trend towards greater use of graphite components for sapphire growth.
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Current status of very large sapphire crystal growth for optical applications
An HEM furnace was set up with a new graphite and felt insulation heat zone and instrumented with an automatic control system for growth of 500-nun diameter sapphire boules.
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A peek into the history of sapphire crystal growth
The Heat Exchanger Method ( HEM ) for growing large sapphire boules was invented by Fred Schmid and Dennis Viechnicki at the Army Materials Research … … gained experience in the directional solidification of metals and with a helium-cooled arc furnace for casting titanium.
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Sapphire Ingot Technology & Market Report - 2014
• The HEM grows single crystal ingots by the vertical temperature gradient, which is naturally formed by the internal structure of the furnace . It enables manufacturing large and quality sapphires .
