Biomedical Optics

Chapter 11 - Diffuse Optical Tomography

11.1.   INTRODUCTION

The term diffuse optical tomography (DOT) refers to the optical imaging of
biological tissue in the diffusive regime. Since it has a 1/e penetration depth
on the order of 0.5 cm, NIR light around 700-nm wavelength can penetrate
several centimeters into biological tissue. As a result, DOT can image the human
breast and brain. Image reconstruction in DOT involves both the forward and
the inverse problems. The forward problem usually uses the diffusion equation
to predict the distribution of reemitted light on the basis of presumed parameters
for both the light source and the object. The inverse problem uses the forward
problem to reconstruct the distributions of the optical properties of the object
from a measured data set. Since the inverse problem is ill-posed, recovering
imaging information from diffuse photons remains a challenge. As a rule of
thumb, the spatial resolution of DOT is on the order of 20% of the imaging
depth; hence, DOT is a low-resolution imaging technology. Nevertheless, DOT
provides valuable rapid functional imaging at low cost.

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